Superficial siderosis of the brain following unexplained subarachnoid hemorrhage: MRI diagnosis and clinical significance

1992 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 407-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. M. Bourgouin ◽  
D. Tampieri ◽  
D. Melancon ◽  
R. del Carpio ◽  
R. Ethier
Keyword(s):  
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽  
Clinical Significance ◽  
Superficial Siderosis ◽  
Mri Diagnosis ◽  
The Brain

scholarly journals A Hypothesis: Hydrogen Sulfide Might Be Neuroprotective against Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Induced Brain Injury

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong-Peng Yu ◽  
Xiang-Lin Chi ◽  
Li-Jun Liu
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Leukocyte Adhesion ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
The Brain

Gases such as nitric oxide (NO) and carbon monoxide (CO) play important roles both in normal physiology and in disease. Recent studies have shown that hydrogen sulfide (H2S) protects neurons against oxidative stress and ischemia-reperfusion injury and attenuates lipopolysaccharides (LPS) induced neuroinflammation in microglia, exhibiting anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic activities. The gas H2S is emerging as a novel regulator of important physiologic functions such as arterial diameter, blood flow, and leukocyte adhesion. It has been known that multiple factors, including oxidative stress, free radicals, and neuronal nitric oxide synthesis as well as abnormal inflammatory responses, are involved in the mechanism underlying the brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Based on the multiple physiologic functions of H2S, we speculate that it might be a promising, effective, and specific therapy for brain injury after SAH.

Meetings of medical societies. Society of Physicians at Kazan University

1927 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 475-479
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Significance ◽  
Microscopic Examination ◽  
Adrenal Glands ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Artificial Damage ◽  
Medical Societies ◽  
Brain Substance ◽  
The Brain

Meeting of February 24Prof. M. N. Cheboksarov: Adrenal lipase, its relation to poisons and clinical significance. The report was printed in issue 3 of "K.M. Journal". In the debate Prof. P.P. Vasiliev pointed out that microscopic examination of the adrenal glands of dead B., mentioned by the reporter, revealed the existence of changes both in the cortical and in the brain substance of them. Proff. С. С. Zimnitskii and P. N. Nikolaev, noting the practical importance and interest of the reporter's work, pointed out that it would be especially interesting to trace the content of adrenal lipase in such diseases as typhoid and typhoid, as well as in animals with artificial damage to their adrenal glands.

Clinical significance of acetylcholinesterase activity in brain tumors

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (12) ◽  
pp. 718-721
Author(s):  
Larisa Mikhailovna Obukhova ◽  
I. A. Medyanik ◽  
K. N. Kontorshchikova ◽  
S. A. Simagina ◽  
L. T. Musaelyan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Clinical Significance ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Tumor Tissue ◽  
Acetylcholinesterase Activity ◽  
Bioinformatic Analysis ◽  
Acetyl Cholinesterase ◽  
Primary Tumors ◽  
Grade Ii ◽  
The Brain

It has been established that the non-neuronal cholinergic system is related to the oncogenesis which increases the attractiveness of its components as the promising markers of oncologic diseases. The purpose of this work is to evaluate the clinical significance of the analysis of the activity of acetyl cholinesterase as a new marker of gliomas. The activity of acetyl cholinesterase was assessed by photo colorimetric analysis according to the Hestrin method recalculating the activity of the enzyme in the tumor tissue per 1 g of protein, and in the blood - by 0.1 g of hemoglobin. The data obtained in the primary tumors of the brain (28) in the tissue of the brain of persons who died as a result of injury (6) and in whole blood of patients with gliomas (28) and practically healthy people (10) were compared with the use of a number of statistical programs. A significant decrease in the activity of acetyl cholinesterase in tumor tissue and in whole blood is revealed as the degree of anaplasia of tumors increases, starting with Grade II. It is for the first time that a significant direct correlation was noted showing the consistency between the decrease in the activity of acetyl cholinesterase in the tumor tissue of the brain and blood. Bioinformatic analysis showed the connection of the enzyme of acetyl cholinesterase with proteins of the PI3K-AKT and Notch signaling pathways providing antiapoptotic and proliferative effects. The found dependences provide new insights into understanding of the mechanisms of gliomas genesis and can be used for selection of new diagnostic markers of brain tumors.

Expression and Cell Distribution of Neuroglobin in the Brain Tissue After Experimental Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in Rats: A Pilot Study

2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei-De Li ◽  
Qing Sun ◽  
Xiang-Sheng Zhang ◽  
Chun-Xi Wang ◽  
Song Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Brain Tissue ◽  
Cell Distribution ◽  
Experimental Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽  
The Brain

The neutrophil enzyme myeloperoxidase directly modulates neuronal response after subarachnoid hemorrhage, a sterile injury model

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aminata P. Coulibaly ◽  
Pinar Pezuk ◽  
Paul Varghese ◽  
William Gartman ◽  
Danielle Triebwasser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽  
Neuronal Response ◽  
Neutrophil Infiltration ◽  
Brain Parenchyma ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Cns Injury ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Brain

Abstract Background: Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is associated with the development of delayed cognitive deficits. Neutrophil infiltration into the central nervous system (CNS) is linked to the development of these deficits after SAH. It is however unclear how neutrophil activity, direct or indirect, influences CNS function in SAH. As such, the present project aims to elucidate neutrophil factors and mechanisms mediating CNS injury and cognitive deficits after SAH. Methods: Using a murine model of SAH and mice deficient in neutrophil effector functions, we determined which neutrophil effector function is critical to the development of deficits after SAH. Also, in vitro techniques were used to elucidate whether neutrophils directly or indirectly affect neuronal function after SAH. Results: Our results show that following SAH, neutrophils infiltrate the meninges, and not the brain parenchyma. Mice lacking functional myeloperoxidase (MPO KO), a neutrophil enzyme, lack both the meningeal neutrophil infiltration and the cognitive deficits associated with SAH. The re-introduction of biologically active MPO, and its substrate hydrogen peroxide, to the cerebrospinal fluid of MPO KO mice at the time of hemorrhage restores the spatial memory deficit observed after SAH. Furthermore, MPO directly affects the function of both primary neurons and astrocytes in culture. Neurons exposed to MPO and its substrate show decreased calcium activity at baseline and after stimulation with potassium chloride. In addition, MPO and its substrate lead to significant astrocyte loss in culture, phenocopying a result observed in the brain after SAH. Conclusions: These results implicate MPO as a mediator of neuronal dysfunction in SAH through direct effect on both neurons and astrocytes. Finally, these results show that, in SAH, the activity of innate immune cells in the meninges can modulate the activity and function of the underlying brain tissue.

Electrocardiographic Abnormalities in Patients With Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

2002 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire E. Sommargren
Keyword(s):  
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽  
Clinical Significance ◽  
Neurological Disorder ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Patients At Risk ◽  
Electrocardiographic Changes ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Electrocardiographic Abnormalities ◽  
Holter Recordings

Subarachnoid hemorrhage is a serious neurological disorder that is often complicated by the occurrence of electrocardiographic abnormalities unexplained by preexisting cardiac conditions. These morphological waveform changes and arrhythmias often are unrecognized or misinterpreted, potentially placing patients at risk for inappropriate management. Many previous investigations were retrospective and relied on data collected in an unsystematic manner. More recent studies that included use of serial electrocardiograms and Holter recordings have provided new insight into the high prevalence of electrocardiographic changes in subarachnoid hemorrhage. Research on the prevalence, duration, and clinical significance of these electrocardiographic abnormalities and on associated factors and etiological theories is reviewed.

scholarly journals Convexity subarachnoid hemorrhage in lobar intracerebral hemorrhage

Neurology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 94 (9) ◽  
pp. e968-e977 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Raposo ◽  
Andreas Charidimou ◽  
Duangnapa Roongpiboonsopit ◽  
Michelle Onyekaba ◽  
M. Edip Gurol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽  
Intracerebral Hemorrhage ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Bleeding Risk ◽  
Superficial Siderosis ◽  
Amyloid Angiopathy ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Cortical Superficial Siderosis

ObjectiveTo investigate whether acute convexity subarachnoid hemorrhage (cSAH) associated with acute lobar intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) increases the risk of ICH recurrence in patients with cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA).MethodsWe analyzed data from a prospective cohort of consecutive survivors of acute spontaneous lobar ICH fulfilling the Boston criteria for possible or probable CAA (CAA-ICH). We analyzed baseline clinical and MRI data, including cSAH (categorized as adjacent or remote from ICH on a standardized scale), cortical superficial siderosis (cSS), and other CAA MRI markers. Multivariable Cox regression models were used to assess the association between cSAH and recurrent symptomatic ICH during follow-up.ResultsWe included 261 CAA-ICH survivors (mean age 76.2 ± 8.7 years). Of them, 166 (63.6%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 57.7%–69.5%) had cSAH on baseline MRI. During a median follow-up of 28.3 (interquartile range 7.2–57.0) months, 54 (20.7%) patients experienced a recurrent lobar ICH. In Cox regression, any cSAH, adjacent cSAH, and remote cSAH were independent predictors of recurrent ICH after adjustment for other confounders, including cSS. Incidence rate of recurrent ICH in patients with cSAH was 9.9 per 100 person-years (95% CI 7.3–13.0) compared with 1.2 per 100 person-years (95% CI 0.3–3.2) in those without cSAH (adjusted hazard ratio 7.5, 95% CI 2.6–21.1).ConclusionIn patients with CAA-related acute ICH, cSAH (adjacent or remote from lobar ICH) is commonly observed and heralds an increased risk of recurrent ICH. cSAH may help stratify bleeding risk and should be assessed along with cSS for prognosis and clinical management.

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