Glycogen changes in bone marrow nerves after whole-body X-irradiation

1972 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenceslao Calvo ◽  
Jer�nimo Forteza-Vila
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
X Irradiation

scholarly journals Regeneration of blood-forming organs after autologous leukocyte transfusion in lethally irradiated dogs. II. Distribution and cellularity of the marrow in irradiated and transfused animals

Blood ◽  
1976 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 593-601 ◽  
Author(s):  
W Calvo ◽  
TM Fliedner ◽  
E Herbst ◽  
E Hugl ◽  
C Bruch
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Normal Values ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Blood Leukocytes ◽  
X Irradiation ◽  
Trabecular Bones ◽  
Marrow Cellularity ◽  
Number Of Cells

Dogs were given transfusions of cryopreserved autologous mononuclear blood leukocytes after 1200 roentgens (R) (midline dose) whole-body x- irradiation. Bone marrow repopulation was studied by means of histomorphological methods at days 9 and 10 after transfusion of an average of 3 X 10(9), 7 X 10(9), 13 X 10(9), and 31 X 10(9) cells. The return of marrow cellularity to normal values was related to the number of cells transfused. With low cell doses (3 X 10(9) and 7 X 10(9)), the marrow regeneration at 10 days was focal. There were groups of cells (colonies) showing either erythropoiesis, myelopoiesis, or megakaryocytopoiesis in the osteal niches of the trabecular bones. Frequently such niches were seen showing complete cellular recovery next to niches with complete aplasia. With higher cell doses, all niches showed hemopoietic regeneration, and the cellularity approached normal values. No hemopoietic regeneration was observed in those skeletal parts that do not show hemopoiesis, even under normal circumstances.

Influence of reticuloendothelial hyperfunction on bone marrow transplantation

1962 ◽  
Vol 203 (3) ◽  
pp. 404-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. R. Wooles ◽  
N. R. Di Luzio
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Bone Marrow Transplantation ◽  
Phagocytic Activity ◽  
Marrow Transplantation ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Impairment ◽  
X Irradiation ◽  
High Degree

Reticuloendothelial (RE) hyperfunction was induced in C57/BL mice by the administration of trypsinized zymosan or glucan. The exposure of RE hyperfunctional mice to 800 r whole-body X-irradiation produced no change in phagocytic activity as denoted by the intravascular removal rate of colloidal carbon. The saline-injected control group showed a significant impairment in RE phagocytic activity. Reticuloendothelial hyperfunction existing at the time of bone marrow transplantation did not alter the high degree of recovery from radiation exposure afforded by isologous bone marrow transplantation. However, survival in RE hyperfunctional animals appeared to be correlated to the genetic diversity of the transplanted marrow since RE hyperactive animals receiving the homo- or heterografts manifested a 100% mortality as opposed to a 30-day survival of 90% and 25% in the respective saline-treated irradiated mice. These findings demonstrate that the early acceptance or rejection of the transplant is influenced by the functional state of the RES and the genetic variation of the transplant.

Some Observations on the Epidemiology and the Pathology of Reticulum Cell Sarcomas in (C57BL/Cne x C3H/Cne) F1 Mice

1973 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincenzo Covelli ◽  
Pietro Metalli ◽  
Bruno Bassani ◽  
Benito Di Caterino ◽  
Giovanni Silini
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Bone Marrow Cells ◽  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Single Type ◽  
Reticulum Cell ◽  
Neoplastic Cells ◽  
Virus Like Particles ◽  
Mesenteric Node ◽  
X Irradiation

Life-long observations on untreated animals have shown that spontaneous reticulum cell sarcomas (RCS) developed in 56.5 % male mice of the hybrid (C57BL/Cne x C3H/Cne) F1 strain; the average age at death of mice with tumors was 949 days, compared with 929 days for all causes: no age-specific peak of mortality has been shown to occur over the entire life span of the animals. Histologically, the spleen and all the lymphnodes, including the mesenteric node, were always invaded; neoplastic growth was found less frequently in kidneys, liver and lungs (77, 70, and 40%, respectively), only occasionally in other organs such as adrenals and testes, and never in the thymus. The tumor was predominantly composed of a single type of neoplastic cells, resembling highly undifferentiated reticular cells, typically proliferating from the periarteriolar region of the lymphatic follicles in the spleen. The monomorphic aspect of the tumor cell population suggests that RCS in this strain of mice may be classified as type A according to Dunn. Electron-microscopy observations showed the presence of a few virus-like particles both in tumor cells and in sediments from cell-free extracts. Transplantation of cells from spontaneous RCS into both normal and lethally-irradiated syngeneic recipients was successful only in 4 out of 7 experiments, regardless of the tissue of origin of the neoplastic cells (spleen, lymphnodes or bone marrow). Virus-like particles were seen with higher frequency in transplanted tumors. Inoculation of cell-free extracts into neonatal mice of low-leukemia strains has not so far been successful. Splenectomy of young animals as well as the intravenous injection of syngeneic bone marrow cells immediately following a lethal dose of whole-body X-irradiation significantly reduced the frequency of spontaneous tumors.

CONTINUOUS METABOLIC STUDIES ON NORMAL AND DEPANCREATIZED DOGS DURING REPEATED WHOLE BODY X IRRADIATION

1961 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 863-871
Author(s):  
O. H. Gaehler ◽  
R. J. Bloor ◽  
Harold C. Choitz
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Urine Volume ◽  
Insulin Requirement ◽  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Total Dosage ◽  
X Irradiation ◽  
Main Portion

Experiments on normal and depancreatized bitches were carried out to determine how well multiple doses of 90 r or less of X radiation are tolerated, and whether there are any metabolic effects suggesting stimulation or suppression of the adrenals. In two normal animals, total dosage for the main portion of the trunk was 574 and 3549 r, in 4 and 22 months, respectively; in the depancreatized one, 807 r in 9 months. Dosages for head and pelvis approximated 44% of these amounts. Food intake was constant, and daily records were kept of body weight, water intake, urine volume, and urine nitrogen. The general condition of all animals remained excellent. Periods of estrus continued. Weight was maintained or increased during long series of exposures. No changes in water balance or nitrogen output occurred which resembled those observed in dogs receiving corticotropin or hydrocortisone (1). In the depancreatized animal, the insulin requirement, known for 5 preceding years, was unaffected. Thus no evidence for stimulation or suppression of adrenal function was obtained. Histological examination of bone marrow and other tissues of the animal which received the largest total dose gave little evidence of damage. Moderate increases in urine volume of the normal animals suggested possible early renal impairment.

scholarly journals Regeneration of blood-forming organs after autologous leukocyte transfusion in lethally irradiated dogs. II. Distribution and cellularity of the marrow in irradiated and transfused animals

Blood ◽  
1976 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 593-601 ◽  
Author(s):  
W Calvo ◽  
TM Fliedner ◽  
E Herbst ◽  
E Hugl ◽  
C Bruch
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Normal Values ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Blood Leukocytes ◽  
X Irradiation ◽  
Trabecular Bones ◽  
Marrow Cellularity ◽  
Number Of Cells

Abstract Dogs were given transfusions of cryopreserved autologous mononuclear blood leukocytes after 1200 roentgens (R) (midline dose) whole-body x- irradiation. Bone marrow repopulation was studied by means of histomorphological methods at days 9 and 10 after transfusion of an average of 3 X 10(9), 7 X 10(9), 13 X 10(9), and 31 X 10(9) cells. The return of marrow cellularity to normal values was related to the number of cells transfused. With low cell doses (3 X 10(9) and 7 X 10(9)), the marrow regeneration at 10 days was focal. There were groups of cells (colonies) showing either erythropoiesis, myelopoiesis, or megakaryocytopoiesis in the osteal niches of the trabecular bones. Frequently such niches were seen showing complete cellular recovery next to niches with complete aplasia. With higher cell doses, all niches showed hemopoietic regeneration, and the cellularity approached normal values. No hemopoietic regeneration was observed in those skeletal parts that do not show hemopoiesis, even under normal circumstances.

scholarly journals Effect of X-Irradiation on Bound Iron and Unsaturated Iron-Binding Capacity in Rabbits

1958 ◽  
Vol 192 (3) ◽  
pp. 560-562 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas J. Haley ◽  
Anna M. Flesher ◽  
Nathan Komesu
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Iron Binding ◽  
Binding Mechanism ◽  
X Irradiation ◽  
Iron Binding Capacity ◽  
Iron Utilization

Acute whole body-x-irradiation produced a hyperferremia in rabbits. This effect reached its peak on the 4th day, at which time the iron-binding globulins were almost completely saturated. The radiation dose did not affect the iron-binding mechanism even when the globulins were saturated prior to irradiation because the saturation resulted in a prolongation of the period of irradiation hyperferremia. The results support the theory that irradiation hyperferremia is a result of decreased iron utilization by the bone marrow. There does not appear to be any relationship between radiation lethality and hyperferremia.

scholarly journals IKKβ Inhibitor IMD-0354 Attenuates Radiation Damage in Whole-body X-Irradiated Mice

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kengo Waga ◽  
Masaru Yamaguchi ◽  
Shuta Miura ◽  
Teruki Nishida ◽  
Akiko Itai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species Generation ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Spleen Cells ◽  
Antitumor Effects ◽  
X Irradiation ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Complex Signaling

Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) transcription factor plays a critical role in regulating radiation-induced inflammatory and immune responses. Intracellular reactive oxygen species generation induces the activation of NF-κB via the inhibitor of κB (IκB) kinase (IKK) complex signaling. Previous studies have reported that the inhibition of IKK-driven NF-κB activation offers a therapeutic strategy for managing inflammatory disorders and various cancers, but it has additionally been reported that treatment targeting NF-κB also shows a radioprotective effect. IMD-0354 is an IKKβ inhibitor that blocks IκBα phosphorylation in the NF-κB pathway. This compound is known to exert anti-inflammatory and antitumor effects, but its radioprotective effects are unclear. Therefore, in the present study, we examined whether or not IMD-0354 has a mitigative effect on radiation-induced damages in mice. IMD-0354 was dissolved in soybean oil and subcutaneously administered to C57BL/6J Jcl mice for 3 consecutive days after 7 Gy of whole-body X-irradiation. The survival rate on day 30 and the NF-κB p65 and IκBα in bone marrow and spleen cells based on flow cytometry were assessed. IMD-0354 administration significantly suppressed the lethality induced by whole-body X-irradiation, and the survival rate increased by 83%. The NF-κB p65 and IκBα in bone marrow and spleen cells were significantly lower in IMD-0354-treated mice than in irradiated mice, suggesting that the IKKβ inhibitor IMD-0354 exerts a radiomitigative effect by suppressing the NF-κB.

Effect of Bone Marrow Therapy on the Volitional Activity of Whole-Body X-Irradiated Rats

1957 ◽  
Vol 189 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. C. Jones ◽  
D. J. Kimeldorf ◽  
T. J. Castanera ◽  
D. O. Rubadeau ◽  
G. K. Osborn
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Significant Protection ◽  
Hematopoietic System ◽  
X Irradiation

Postirradiation injection of bone marrow suspension was used to test the hypothesis that the decrease in volitional activity seen during the 2nd and 3rd weeks after whole-body x-irradiation in the lethal range is related to damage of the hematopoietic system. The marrow preparation used was found to afford statistically significant protection in terms of lethality. Surviving irradiated animals treated with bone marrow suspension showed no decrease in activity during the 2nd and 3rd weeks postirradiation, even though the radiation dose used (650 r) was in excess of that required to produce such a decrease in the volitional activity of nontreated irradiated animals. Since the bone marrow treatment apparently affects hematopoiesis specifically, it appears that the volitional activity decrement during the 2nd and 3rd weeks after whole-body irradiation is related to hematopoietic damage. Further, it appears that a greater functional hematopoietic capacity is necessary to maintain normal volitional activity levels than is required to survive after x-irradiation.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document