Simplified models of the thermodynamics of preliminarily deformed viscoelastic bodies (in the coordinates of the natural state)

1988 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 118-125
Author(s):  
V. G. Karnaukhov ◽  
B. P. Gumenyuk
Keyword(s):  
Natural State ◽  
Simplified Models ◽  
Viscoelastic Bodies

Sem and X-Ray Analysis of Renal and Biliary Calculi

1976 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 306-307
Author(s):  
R. J. Narconis ◽  
G. L. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Natural State ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Chemical Methods ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Additional Dimension ◽  
Biliary Calculi ◽  
Calculus Formation ◽  
Scanning Electron

Analysis of the constituents of renal and biliary calculi may be of help in the management of patients with calculous disease. Several methods of analysis are available for identifying these constituents. Most common are chemical methods, optical crystallography, x-ray diffraction, and infrared spectroscopy. The application of a SEM with x-ray analysis capabilities should be considered as an additional alternative.A scanning electron microscope equipped with an x-ray “mapping” attachment offers an additional dimension in its ability to locate elemental constituents geographically, and thus, provide a clue in determination of possible metabolic etiology in calculus formation. The ability of this method to give an undisturbed view of adjacent layers of elements in their natural state is of advantage in determining the sequence of formation of subsequent layers of chemical constituents.

Structural integrity after cold storage of human epidermal model in hypothermosol: A correlative ultrastructural and fluorescent assay

1994 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 270-271
Author(s):  
Henry H. Eichelberger ◽  
John G. Baust ◽  
Robert G. Van Buskirk
Keyword(s):  
Cold Storage ◽  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Cell Structure ◽  
Natural State ◽  
Sodium Cacodylate ◽  
Ruthenium Tetroxide ◽  
Cacodylate Buffer ◽  
Before And After

For research in cell differentiation and in vitro toxicology it is essential to provide a natural state of cell structure as a benchmark for interpreting results. Hypothermosol (Cryomedical Sciences, Rockville, MD) has proven useful in insuring the viability of synthetic human epidermis during cold-storage and in maintaining the epidermis’ ability to continue to differentiate following warming.Human epidermal equivalent, EpiDerm (MatTek Corporation, Ashland, MA) consisting of fully differentiated stratified human epidermal cells were grown on a microporous membrane. EpiDerm samples were fixed before and after cold-storage (4°C) for 5 days in Hypothermosol or skin culture media (MatTek Corporation) and allowed to recover for 7 days at 37°C. EpiDerm samples were fixed 1 hour in 2.5% glutaraldehyde in sodium cacodylate buffer (pH 7.2). A secondary fixation with 0.2% ruthenium tetroxide (Polysciences, Inc., Warrington, PA) in sodium cacodylate was carried out for 3 hours at 4°C. Other samples were similarly fixed, but with 1% Osmium tetroxide in place of ruthenium tetroxide. Samples were dehydrated through a graded acetone series, infiltrated with Spurrs resin (Polysciences Inc.) and polymerized at 70°C.

A Biological Cryosystem for the Scanning Electron Microscope

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 414-415
Author(s):  
Zhang zhaohua ◽  
Luo Dong ◽  
Guo Yisong
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Natural State ◽  
Specimen Preparation ◽  
Cold Stage ◽  
Specimen Temperature ◽  
Successful Design ◽  
Scanning Electron

Since early 1970's the use of cold stage on SEM for observation of hydrated samples in their natural state has become more and more popular despite its high cost. Experiences gained from earlier experiments indicate that a successful design should incorporate thefollowing features:1. The specimen temperature should be below −135°C (the recrystallization point of water), lower the temperature, better the results.2. The frozen specimen, the cold block in the specimen preparation chamber, as well as the cold stage should be kept under vacuum at all times to keep them frost free.3. Different specimen preparation processes such as fracturing, coating and sublimation should be possible in one compact preparation chamber .

THE IMPORTANCE OF THE RED BOOK OF SOILS FOR MONITORING AND JUSTIFICATION OF CONSERVATION MEASURES

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
O.S. Bezuglova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Natural State ◽  
Soil Maps ◽  
Rostov Region ◽  
Conservation Measures ◽  
Background Data ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Rostov Region belongs to the highly protected natural territories characterized by the continuous plowing. There territories are the only reserves with the soils preserved in their natural state. However, these areas often lack detailed information about the soils quality and composition. Surveying soils on these territories is crucial for determination of their basic physical and chemical properties. The resulted compilation of soil maps could lay a foundation for creating the Red Book of Soils and the formation of a section in the soil-geographical database of the Russian Federation. Subsequently, such information can be used as a background data for the main types of soils in the region. It will be also valuable during monitoring and justification of conservation measures.

Mehr Mut zur Wildnis (Essay) | A more courageous attitude to wilderness (essay)

2010 ◽  
Vol 161 (8) ◽  
pp. 286-290
Author(s):  
Adrian Borgula
Keyword(s):  
Forest Area ◽  
Expert Assessment ◽  
Natural State ◽  
Nature Protection ◽  
Forest Reserves ◽  
Natural Processes ◽  
Wilderness Areas ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Basic Functions ◽  
Total Forest Area

Where nature protection is concerned, the expert assessment of an environment poses questions about its natural and cultural heritage and its potential, about how representative it may be, about biodiversity in all its facets and about its development or potential threats to its existence. Although the forest was the dominant habitat in the original natural European landscape, for a long time nature protection has devoted too little attention to it. There are diverse threats and deficiencies. However, in the Swiss forests positive developments are discernible. Thus nature protection is one of the basic functions of the forest, nature reserves are being created, the area of the forest is increasing, as are reserves of deadwood, and greater importance is being given to regeneration suited to the site. Nevertheless much remains to be done to really achieve the goal of biodiversity and sus-tainability. For this purpose segregative and integrative measures are required. Since diversity needs surface area, in the first place it must be possible to set aside as forest reserves a quarter of the total forest area, spread over the whole country and preferably as natural forest reserves, in order to start the process of a long-term restoration to the natural state. Here the conservation of natural self-regulating processes supersedes classical nature protection. With a series of further integrative measures, biodiversity must also be promoted over the whole remaining forest area and in the areas of transition to other habitats. An abundance of varied structures is the key to diversity of species. A more courageous attitude to wilderness and “untidiness” when dealing with the forest is to be recommended. Nature experiences in wilderness areas give the population the possibility of discovering diversity and natural processes and encourage respect for the innumerable other species and habitats.

Melting of ice in a porous medium saturated with ice and gas while injecting warm water

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 112-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.Sh. Shagapov ◽  
M.N. Zapivakhina
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Porous Medium ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Warm Water ◽  
Temperature Fields ◽  
Initial State ◽  
Simplified Models ◽  
Frozen Soils ◽  
Porous Formation

The numerical models for the injection of warm water (in the temperature range from 300 to 340 K) into a cold porous formation are considered. Simplified models describing the processes of heat and mass transfer are proposed. The influence of the parameters determining the initial state of the porous medium, the boundary pressure, temperature and moisture content on the rate of propagation of hydrodynamic and temperature fields in the porous medium is investigated. It has been established that it is economically feasible to melt frozen soils saturated with ice and gas (air) at a sufficiently low temperature of the injected water (about 300 K).

The Un-Natural State

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
BROCK THOMPSON
Keyword(s):  
Natural State

Simplified models for push-pull switching power amplifiers

1988 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Fortuno Mata ◽  
L. Martinez Salamero
Keyword(s):  
Power Amplifiers ◽  
Simplified Models ◽  
Switching Power
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