The implications of intrinsic luminosity evolution on the value of the density parameter (?) and the evolution of radio sizes of radio galaxies and quasars

1995 ◽  
Vol 228 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 195-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Ubachukwu
2019 ◽  
Vol 625 ◽  
pp. A111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Butler ◽  
Minh Huynh ◽  
Anna Kapińska ◽  
Ivan Delvecchio ◽  
Vernesa Smolčić ◽  
...  

The evolution of the comoving kinetic luminosity densities (Ωkin) of the radio loud high-excitation radio galaxies (RL HERGs) and the low-excitation radio galaxies (LERGs) in the ultimate XMM extragalactic survey south (XXL-S) field is presented. The wide area and deep radio and optical data of XXL-S have allowed the construction of the radio luminosity functions (RLFs) of the RL HERGs and LERGs across a wide range in radio luminosity out to high redshift (z = 1.3). The LERG RLFs display weak evolution: Φ(z)∝(1 + z)0.67 ± 0.17 in the pure density evolution (PDE) case and Φ(z)∝(1 + z)0.84 ± 0.31 in the pure luminosity evolution (PLE) case. The RL HERG RLFs demonstrate stronger evolution than the LERGs: Φ(z)∝(1 + z)1.81 ± 0.15 for PDE and Φ(z)∝(1 + z)3.19 ± 0.29 for PLE. Using a scaling relation to convert the 1.4 GHz radio luminosities into kinetic luminosities, the evolution of Ωkin was calculated for the RL HERGs and LERGs and compared to the predictions from various simulations. The prediction for the evolution of radio mode feedback in the Semi-Analytic Galaxy Evolution (SAGE) model is consistent with the Ωkin evolution for all XXL-S RL AGN (all RL HERGs and LERGs), indicating that the kinetic luminosities of RL AGN may be able to balance the radiative cooling of the hot phase of the IGM. Simulations that predict the Ωkin evolution of LERG equivalent populations show similar slopes to the XXL-S LERG evolution, suggesting that observations of LERGs are well described by models of SMBHs that slowly accrete hot gas. On the other hand, models of RL HERG equivalent populations differ in their predictions. While LERGs dominate the kinetic luminosity output of RL AGN at all redshifts, the evolution of the RL HERGs in XXL-S is weaker compared to what other studies have found. This implies that radio mode feedback from RL HERGs is more prominent at lower redshifts than was previously thought.


1996 ◽  
Vol 467 (2) ◽  
pp. L53-L56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Cayón ◽  
Joseph Silk ◽  
Stéphane Charlot

1977 ◽  
Vol 74 ◽  
pp. 279-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harding E. Smith

We examine the Hubble diagram for radio galaxies and compare radio galaxies and first-ranked cluster galaxies as cosmological test objects. Radio source identification programs are now producing reliable identifications with galaxies as faint as V ≈ 23 and spectroscopy of these objects has already resulted in the discovery of galaxies with redshifts as high as 0.75, thus there are great expectations for progress in the near future. As in the past, indeterminate corrections, notably luminosity evolution and a possible correlation between radio power and optical luminosity, preclude the determination of qo.


1986 ◽  
Vol 119 ◽  
pp. 429-438
Author(s):  
Richard F. Green

In this review, the currently published, complete, spectroscopically identified samples of quasars are assembled to produce a composite luminosity function, independent of evolutionary assumptions. Two interpretations of the change with cosmic time provide reasonable fits to the data. Luminosity evolution implies a fixed population of host objects, with nuclear luminosity that fades with advancing cosmic time; some dependence of the timescale on intrinsic luminosity is required. Density evolution traces objects of comparable luminosity to find the change in space density, without a requirement of long lifetime. The change in co-moving volume density depends on luminosity; newer data suggest that somewhat stronger evolution is required at the low luminosity end than the models of Schmidt and Green allowed. Caution is advised in drawing direct physical conclusions about the evolution of individual quasars from mathematical representations of ensemble properties.


1996 ◽  
Vol 175 ◽  
pp. 519-521
Author(s):  
M. Vigotti ◽  
S.G. Djorgovski ◽  
L. Gregorini ◽  
U. Klein ◽  
K.H. Mack ◽  
...  

The use of radio sources to identify the most distant object in the Universe has been proved to be a very successful approach in observational cosmology. Studies of high flux, powerful 3CR and 1-Jy galaxies show dramatic evidence for color and luminosity evolution, reaching to look-back times 80% of the Hubble time. In order to disentangle the selection effect, correlation with redshift, and correlation with radio power, it is necessary to obtain well defined, complete samples of radio galaxies at a large range of redshifts, and with a wide baseline of radio power. We need the identifications of complete samples in the flux range of a factor 10 smaller than 3CR sample. The B3VLA sample (Vigotti et al. 1989) is a subset of 1050 sources selected in restricted areas at high galactic latitudes from the B3 survey, which is complete down to S(408 MHz) = 100 mJy. For the B3VLA sample detailed VLA maps were obtained at 1.4 GHz using A, C and D arrays. We are conducting a long-term effort to provide optical ID's and redshifts for well-defined, complete subsamples of the B3VLA survey (Djorgovski et al. 1990, Vigotti et al. 1990, Thompson et al., 1994), a similar effort is being conducted independently by others. We present here the “status of the art” for the B3VLA sample: a new low flux sample of 124 QSS selected at meter wavelenghts, a sample of 194 radio galaxies (77 with measured redshift) and a sample of 732 Empty Fields (EF : no optical counterpart on POSS I plate).


2001 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 131-144
Author(s):  
B. Rocca-Volmerange
Keyword(s):  

1999 ◽  
Vol 511 (2) ◽  
pp. 574-584 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ping He ◽  
Yuan‐Zhong Zhang

1999 ◽  
Vol 514 (2) ◽  
pp. 579-586 ◽  
Author(s):  
Todd Hurt ◽  
Robert Antonucci ◽  
Ross Cohen ◽  
Anne Kinney ◽  
Julian Krolik

2018 ◽  
Vol 1067 ◽  
pp. 022006
Author(s):  
N Karastathis ◽  
F Antoniou ◽  
I Efthymiopoulos ◽  
M Hostettler ◽  
G Iadarola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 1864
Author(s):  
Peter Mewis

The effect of vegetation in hydraulic computations can be significant. This effect is important for flood computations. Today, the necessary terrain information for flood computations is obtained by airborne laser scanning techniques. The quality and density of the airborne laser scanning information allows for more extensive use of these data in flow computations. In this paper, known methods are improved and combined into a new simple and objective procedure to estimate the hydraulic resistance of vegetation on the flow in the field. State-of-the-art airborne laser scanner information is explored to estimate the vegetation density. The laser scanning information provides the base for the calculation of the vegetation density parameter ωp using the Beer–Lambert law. In a second step, the vegetation density is employed in a flow model to appropriately account for vegetation resistance. The use of this vegetation parameter is superior to the common method of accounting for the vegetation resistance in the bed resistance parameter for bed roughness. The proposed procedure utilizes newly available information and is demonstrated in an example. The obtained values fit very well with the values obtained in the literature. Moreover, the obtained information is very detailed. In the results, the effect of vegetation is estimated objectively without the assignment of typical values. Moreover, a more structured flow field is computed with the flood around denser vegetation, such as groups of bushes. A further thorough study based on observed flow resistance is needed.


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