The conjugated-circuit model: The optimum parameters for benzenoid hydrocarbons

1991 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Plavšić ◽  
S. Nikolić ◽  
N. Trinajstć
Keyword(s):  
Circuit Model ◽  
Benzenoid Hydrocarbons ◽  
Optimum Parameters

The conjugated-circuit model: application to benzenoid hydrocarbons

1989 ◽  
Vol 198 ◽  
pp. 223-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonja Nikolić ◽  
Milan Randić ◽  
Douglas J. Klein ◽  
Dejan Plavšić ◽  
Nenad Trinajstić
Keyword(s):  
Circuit Model ◽  
Benzenoid Hydrocarbons ◽  
Model Application

A Simple and Inexpensive Clinical Whole Body Counter

1976 ◽  
Vol 15 (05) ◽  
pp. 248-253
Author(s):  
A. K. Basu ◽  
S. K. Guha ◽  
B. N. Tandon ◽  
M. M. Gupta ◽  
M. ML. Rehani
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Vitro Assay ◽  
Body Counter ◽  
Optimum Parameters ◽  
Whole Body Counter ◽  
Single Detector ◽  
Background Index ◽  
Iodide Crystal

SummaryThe conventional radioisotope scanner has been used as a whole body counter. The background index of the system is 10.9 counts per minute per ml of sodium iodide crystal. The sensitivity and derived sensitivity parameters have been evaluated and found to be suitable for clinical studies. The optimum parameters for a single detector at two positions above the lying subject have been obtained. It has been found that for the case of 131I measurement it is possible to assay a source located at any point in the body with coefficient of variation less than 5%. To add to the versatility, a fixed geometry for in-vitro counting of large samples has been obtained. The retention values obtained by the whole body counter have been found to correlate with those obtained by in-vitro assay of urine and stool after intravenous administration of 51Cr-albumin.

A Circuit Model for Lightning Surge of Wind Turbine Tower with an Internal Conductor

2015 ◽  
Vol 135 (3) ◽  
pp. 200-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoki Ikeda ◽  
Naoto Nagaoka ◽  
Yoshihiro Baba
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Circuit Model ◽  
Wind Turbine Tower

An Equivalent Circuit Model for Vertical Comb Drive MEMS Optical Scanner Controlled by Pulse Width Modulation

2012 ◽  
Vol 132 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satoshi Maruyama ◽  
Muneki Nakada ◽  
Makoto Mita ◽  
Takuya Takahashi ◽  
Hiroyuki Fujita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Equivalent Circuit ◽  
Pulse Width ◽  
Pulse Width Modulation ◽  
Equivalent Circuit Model ◽  
Circuit Model ◽  
Comb Drive ◽  
Optical Scanner

Determination of Optimum Parameters for Anaerobic Thermophilic Bacterium Injection using Commercial Simulator: Core Flooding Validation and Sensitivity

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Koto
Keyword(s):  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Simulation Experiment ◽  
Previous Experiment ◽  
Core Sample ◽  
Thermophilic Bacterium ◽  
Injection Rate ◽  
Core Flooding ◽  
Optimum Parameters ◽  
Result Show

The objective of this paper is to determine the optimum anaerobic-thermophilic bacterium injection (Microbial Enhanced Oil Recovery) parameters using commercial simulator from core flooding experiments. From the previous experiment in the laboratory, Petrotoga sp AR80 microbe and yeast extract has been injected into core sample. The result show that the experiment with the treated microbe flooding has produced more oil than the experiment that treated by brine flooding. Moreover, this microbe classified into anaerobic thermophilic bacterium due to its ability to live in 80 degC and without oxygen. So, to find the optimum parameter that affect this microbe, the simulation experiment has been conducted. The simulator that is used is CMG – STAR 2015.10. There are five scenarios that have been made to forecast the performance of microbial flooding. Each of this scenario focus on the injection rate and shut in periods. In terms of the result, the best scenario on this research can yield an oil recovery up to 55.7%.

Metal Bridge Defects Localization by a Tiny Leakage between One of Bridged Signals and VDD (GND)

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunlei Wu ◽  
Suying Yao
Keyword(s):  
Circuit Model ◽  
Functional Modules ◽  
Semiconductor Technology ◽  
Simple Circuit ◽  
Lock In

Abstract As semiconductor technology continues to advance to smaller dimensions and more complex circuit designs, it is becoming more challenging to locate the resistive short directly between two metal lines (signals) due to a metal bridge defect. Especially these two metal lines are very long and relevant to many functional modules. After studying the failed circuit model, we found there should be a tiny leakage between one of the bridged signals and one of common power signals (such as VDD and GND) on a failed IC compared with the reference one, if there is a metal bridge defect between these two bridged signals. The tiny leakage between one of the bridged signals and one of power signals is an indirect leakage that is a mapping of the direct resistive short between these two bridged signals. The metal bridge defect could be pinpointed with the tiny leakage between one of the bridged signals and one of power signals by Lock-in IR-OBIRCH. It is an easier and faster way to locate the metal bridge defects. In this paper, the basic and simple circuit model with a metal bridge defect will be presented and two cases will be studied to demonstrate how to localize a metal bridge defect by the tiny leakage between one of the bridged signals and one of power signals.

Gallium Arsenide Integrated Circuits Decapsulation Technique Using Mixed Acid Chemistry For Die-Level Failure Analysis

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harold Jeffrey M. Consigo ◽  
Ricardo S. Calanog ◽  
Melissa O. Caseria
Keyword(s):  
Gallium Arsenide ◽  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Nitric Acid ◽  
Integrated Circuits ◽  
Failure Analysis ◽  
Mixed Acid ◽  
Optimum Parameters ◽  
Plastic Package ◽  
Fuming Nitric Acid ◽  
Concentrated Sulfuric Acid

Abstract Gallium Arsenide (GaAs) integrated circuits have become popular these days with superior speed/power products that permit the development of systems that otherwise would have made it impossible or impractical to construct using silicon semiconductors. However, failure analysis remains to be very challenging as GaAs material is easily dissolved when it is reacted with fuming nitric acid used during standard decapsulation process. By utilizing enhanced chemical decapsulation technique with mixture of fuming nitric acid and concentrated sulfuric acid at a low temperature backed with statistical analysis, successful plastic package decapsulation happens to be reproducible mainly for die level failure analysis purposes. The paper aims to develop a chemical decapsulation process with optimum parameters needed to successfully decapsulate plastic molded GaAs integrated circuits for die level failure analysis.

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