Sex differences in the manifestations of depression in young people. A study of French high school students. Part II: Correlates and background factors

Advisers are expected to be cautious. Typical instructions in research on risky shift induce the adviser role. However, subjects may take the role of the story's hero when they can identify with the hero. It is acceptable for people to be daring when acting for themselves. This hypothesis of a switch of set predicts that subjects should consider themselves more risky than the majority of their peers, a way of expressing the value of risk, when they are similar to the story's hero. High school students rated themselves and the majority on stories dealing with situations common to their age group and on stories dealing with adult problems. Sex of hero was also manipulated. Results supported the hypothesis of a switch of set. Subjects displaced themselves more when the situation was similar to those they might face; in addition, subjects displaced themselves more when the story's hero was of their sex. No sex differences in general tendency to risky displacement were found.

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Social insertions and representations of oneself and young people: Apprentices and high school students

European Journal of Psychology of Education ◽

10.1007/bf03172885 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 55-67 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Thierry Devos ◽

Jean-Claude Deschamps ◽

Loraine Comby

Keyword(s):

High School ◽

High School Students ◽

Young People ◽

School Students

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Living class in a ‘meritocratic’ Australia: The burdens of class and choice on young people’s end-of-school transitions

Journal of Sociology ◽

10.1177/1440783317726374 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 54 (3) ◽

pp. 396-411 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Felix Donovan

Keyword(s):

High School ◽

Decision Making ◽

High School Students ◽

Young People ◽

Educational Outcomes ◽

Mixed Methods Research ◽

School Transitions ◽

School Students ◽

Australian Education

In the Australian education system, there are substantial class inequalities in educational outcomes and transitions. These inequalities persist despite increased choice and individual opportunity for young people. This article explores high school students’ experiences of class in a social context they largely believe to be a meritocracy. Specifically, it asks: how does class shape young people’s thinking and decision-making about their post-school futures? I use Bourdieu’s ‘habitus’ as a frame to understand the role of class in young people’s lives, stressing its generative and heterogeneous aspects. Drawing on qualitative-led mixed methods research, this article argues that young people have internalised the ‘doxa’ of meritocracy, agency and ambition, conceiving of themselves as individual agents in this context. However, risk and security, opportunities and constraints, are not distributed equally in a class-stratified society. Young people from working-class backgrounds more commonly imagine insecure, uncertain futures.

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INFLUENCE OF DIETARY TRENDS ON THE NUTRITION OF THE YOUTH

Wiadomości Lekarskie ◽

10.36740/wlek201909206 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 72 (9) ◽

pp. 1740-1746

Author(s):

Anita Bielawska ◽

Katarzyna Tomczyk ◽

Beata Łabuz-Roszak

Keyword(s):

High School ◽

High School Students ◽

Young People ◽

Eating Habits ◽

The Body ◽

Gluten Free ◽

Nutritional Knowledge ◽

School Students ◽

Free Products ◽

Balanced Diet

Introduction: Dietary trends such as consumption of lactose-free and gluten-free products or the use of alternative slimming diets are gaining increasing popularity, especially among young people. They determine their dietary choices, which are important from the point of view of human health. Unconventional diets are still considered as effective weight loss methods. The use of alternative diets may cause shortages of an essential nutrients, increase the risk of chronic non-communicable diseases and lead to the formation of incorrect eating habits. Balanced diet, in contrast to the alternative diet, takes into account the principles of rational nutrition and nutritional recommendations of the Institute of Food and Nutrition (IŻŻ). The aim: To investigate the influence of popular dietary trends on nutrition of high school adolescences. Material and methods: Subjects were adolescences in the age of 17-21 years attending high schools in Ruda Slaska (262 students, including 157 women and 105 men). Self-constructed questionnaire was applied in the study. Participation in the study was anonymous and voluntary. Results: In more than a half of young women (54,8%) and men (52,4%) the body mass deficiency was revealed (BMI<18 kg/m2). 33,6% of the respondents were on the non-balanced diets at least once in their lives. High school students knew gluten-free and lactose-free products but dietary trends, such as the consumption of gluten-free and lactose-free products, did not affect their diet. The main source of nutritional knowledge among respondents were their friends (78,2%). Conclusions: The results of the conducted research indicate the need to implement educational programs on the principles of proper nutrition. The increasing awareness of theyouth in this regard may contribute to reducing the interest in still popular alternative diets among young people and taking appropriate health behaviors by them.

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Sex Differences in Problem Alcohol Use in High School as a Function of Recent Sexual Violence Victimization or Perpetration

Journal of Family Violence ◽

10.1007/s10896-019-00116-5 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 35 (6) ◽

pp. 633-646 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Christal L. Badour ◽

Samuel C. Bell ◽

Emily R. Clear ◽

Heather M. Bush ◽

Ann L. Coker

Keyword(s):

High School ◽

Sex Differences ◽

High School Students ◽

Alcohol Use ◽

Sexual Violence ◽

Binge Drinking ◽

Alcohol Problems ◽

School Students ◽

Problem Alcohol Use ◽

Problem Alcohol

AbstractTo investigate sex differences in associations between sexual violence victimization (SVV), sexual violence perpetration (SVP), and binge drinking and/or alcohol problems among high school students. While SVV has been linked to problem alcohol use among young women, little research has addressed the unique associations of SVV and SVP on alcohol use/problems within both sexes. A cross-sectional analysis of 16,992 high school students’ self-reports of past-year SVP and SVV was used where SVV/SVP was defined by three tactics (sexual coercion, drug/alcohol-facilitated or incapacitated sex, and physically forced sex). Alcohol measures included past-month binge drinking and past-year alcohol problems. Rates of SVV were twice as high in females (21.2% vs. 13.3%), and SVP rates were twice as high in males (10.9% vs. 5.2%). SVV and SVP were each associated with an increased rate of current binge drinking and problem alcohol use for both sexes, across increasing numbers of SV tactics and within each of three tactics. After controlling for demographic and other risk factors including SVP, drug/alcohol-facilitated or incapacitated SVV was more strongly linked to binge drinking and alcohol problems among females. SVP was more strongly linked to binge drinking and alcohol problems among males (adjusting for SVV and other covariates). No sex differences emerged in associations between coerced or physically forced SVV/SVP and alcohol-related outcomes. Both SVV and SVP are associated with an increased likelihood of binge drinking and alcohol problems for males and females. Important sex differences emerged when SV tactics are considered.

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Typical dynamic peculiarities of the spheres of manifestation of social activity among student youth

SHS Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/shsconf/20197008009 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 70 ◽

pp. 08009

Author(s):

Elena Bocharova

Keyword(s):

High School ◽

High School Students ◽

Young People ◽

Empirical Study ◽

University Students ◽

Social Activity ◽

School Students ◽

Youth Policy ◽

Age Related ◽

Life Values

The purpose of the study presented in the article is an empirical study of typical dynamic peculiarities spheres of young people’ social activity manifestation. The study sample consisted of 240 participants (Saratov region, Russia), including: university students (n = 120), age M = 18.22 (SD = 0.87) and high school students (n = 120), age M = 16.43; SD = 0.53. We used a questionnaire (R. M. Shamionov, I. V. Arendachiuk, E. E. Bocharova et al.) to register various forms of social activity and the degree of their manifestation, and the “Morphological Test of Life Values” technique (V. F. Sopov, L. V. Karpushina) to study various spheres of life. In the sample of students we have recorded a trend towards negative dynamics in the range of typical spheres of social activity manifestation, which, moreover, differs in its substantive multidirectionality. The study has shown that manifestation of various forms of social activity in the typical spheres of life is characterized by multidirectional dynamics of their motives’ actualization, depending on the person’s social and age-related status. The applied aspect of the problem under study can be implemented in the development of youth policy programs.

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