Effect of plant genotype and nitrogen fertilizer on symbiotic nitrogen fixation by soybean cultivars

1984 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 397-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Hardarson ◽  
F. Zapata ◽  
S. K. A. Danso
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Plant Genotype ◽  
Soybean Cultivars

VARIABILITY AND INTERACTION IN THE Pisum sativum L. — Rhizobium leguminosarum SYMBIOSIS

1983 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 591-599 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. L. A. HOBBS ◽  
J. D. MAHON
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Rhizobium Leguminosarum ◽  
Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Plant Genotype ◽  
Pisum Sativum L ◽  
Performance Response ◽  
The Stability

Symbiotic nitrogen fixation was examined in 36 plant genotype-bacterial strain combinations produced by growing six genotypes of Pisum sativum L. and six strains of Rhizobium leguminosarum in all combinations. Both genotypes and strains had effects not only on nitrogen fixation but also on characters associated with plant growth and photosynthesis. However, relationships between characters differed markedly depending on whether genotype or strain means were used to calculate correlation coefficients. Genotype × strain (G × S) interactions also affected the expression of several of the characters. Using nitrogen fixation as an example, statistical methods analogous to those developed for the analysis of genotype × environment interactions were used to study this interaction. From this analysis it was apparent that the G × S variability was mainly caused by differences in the magnitude of the response of plant genotypes or bacterial strains to changes in the complementary symbiont with little difference in the stability of this response. An examination of different indicators of performance, response, and stability of that response, suggests that both plant genotypes and bacterial strains could be selected for relatively uniform fixation over a range of symbiotic partners, or that specific combinations could be selected for maximum symbiotic effectiveness.Key words: Genotype × strain, N2 fixation, photosynthesis, respiration, growth

scholarly journals Testing Whether Pre-Pod-Fill Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation in Soybean Is Subject to Drift or Selection Over 100 Years of Soybean Breeding

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malinda S. Thilakarathna ◽  
Davoud Torkamaneh ◽  
Robert W. Bruce ◽  
Istvan Rajcan ◽  
Godfrey Chu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Root Nodules ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Direct Selection ◽  
Oilseed Crop ◽  
Fixed Nitrogen ◽  
Soybean Breeding ◽  
Soybean Cultivars ◽  
The Impact

Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] is the world's leading legume crop and the largest oilseed crop. It forms a symbiotic relationship with rhizobia bacteria residing in root nodules that provide fixed nitrogen to host plants through symbiotic nitrogen fixation (SNF). In soybean, it has been widely reported that the highest SNF occurs at the pod-filling stage, associated with the peak demand for nitrogen. However, the majority of seed nitrogen is derived from remobilizing root/shoot nitrogen, representing cumulative SNF from the seedling stage to the pre-pod-fill stage. Therefore, the question arises as to whether there has also been selection for improved SNF at these earlier stages, or whether pre-pod-fill SNF traits have drifted. To test this hypothesis, in this study, pre-pod SNF-related traits were evaluated in soybean cultivars that span 100 years of breeding selection in the Canadian Province of Ontario. Specifically, we evaluated SNF traits in 19 pedigree-related historical cultivars and 25 modern cultivars derived from the University of Guelph soybean breeding program. Field trials were conducted at Woodstock, Ontario, Canada in 2016 and 2017, and various SNF-related traits were measured at pre-pod-fill stages (R1-R3), including nitrogen fixation capacity. Considerable variation was observed among Canadian soybean cultivars released over the past 100 years for pre-pod-fill nitrogen fixation. The modern soybean cultivars had similar or moderately higher pre-pod-fill SNF compared to the historical lines in terms of the percentage of nitrogen derived from the atmosphere (%Ndfa) and total shoot fixed nitrogen. These findings suggest that, despite no direct selection by breeders, pre-pod-fill nitrogen fixation, and associated SNF traits have been maintained and possibly improved in modern soybean breeding. However, the low level of pre-pod-fill SNF in some modern cultivars, and generally wide variation observed in SNF between them, suggest some level of genetic drift for this trait in some pedigrees. Specific historical and modern soybean cultivars were identified as potential parents to enable targeted breeding for improved pre-pod-fill SNF. This retrospective study sheds light on our understanding of the impact of decades of recent selective breeding on pre-pod-fill nitrogen fixation traits in soybean in a temperate environment.

Effect of nitrogen and cobalt application on herbage and seed yields of serradella and subterranean clover

1985 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 588 ◽  
Author(s):  
MDA Bolland
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Field Experiment ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Subterranean Clover ◽  
Fertilizer Nitrogen ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Winter Temperatures ◽  
Seed Yields

The response of serradella and subterranean clover to soil applications of cobalt in the absence and presence of regular applications of nitrogen fertilizer was measured in a field experiment on a nitrogen-deficient soil near Esperance, Western Australia. In an ancillary experiment, also sited near Esperance on a nitrogen-deficient soil, the responses of three serradella species and two cultivars of subterranean clover to regular applications of nitrogen were measured. Yields of herbage and seed were used to measure the response to the fertilizer treatments. Neither serradella, nor subterranean clover responded to cobalt application. However, in winter, herbage yields of serradella were markedly improved by regular applications of fertilizer nitrogen. Yield increases were three- to eight-fold, depending on the species. However, by springtime, there was no herbage response of serradella to fertilizer nitrogen. Seed yields of serradella and yields of subterranean clover at any harvest were unaffected by regular applications of nitrogen. It is concluded that low winter temperatures limit the rate of symbiotic nitrogen fixation for serradella which in turn limits dry matter production.

Reduction of Growth and Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation in Soybean as Affected by the Site of Simulated Acid Rain Application.

1997 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 596-602 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xianyu WANG ◽  
Makoto TSUDA ◽  
Tetsuro TANIYAMA
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Acid Rain ◽  
Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Simulated Acid Rain

scholarly journals Plasmids Related to the Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation Are Not Only Cooperated Functionally but Also May Have Evolved over a Time Span in Family Rhizobiaceae

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 2002-2014
Author(s):  
Ling-Ling Yang ◽  
Zhao Jiang ◽  
Yan Li ◽  
En-Tao Wang ◽  
Xiao-Yang Zhi
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Gene Transfer ◽  
Horizontal Gene Transfer ◽  
Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Gene Families ◽  
Time Span ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Gene Gain ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing ◽  
Pan Genome

Abstract Rhizobia are soil bacteria capable of forming symbiotic nitrogen-fixing nodules associated with leguminous plants. In fast-growing legume-nodulating rhizobia, such as the species in the family Rhizobiaceae, the symbiotic plasmid is the main genetic basis for nitrogen-fixing symbiosis, and is susceptible to horizontal gene transfer. To further understand the symbioses evolution in Rhizobiaceae, we analyzed the pan-genome of this family based on 92 genomes of type/reference strains and reconstructed its phylogeny using a phylogenomics approach. Intriguingly, although the genetic expansion that occurred in chromosomal regions was the main reason for the high proportion of low-frequency flexible gene families in the pan-genome, gene gain events associated with accessory plasmids introduced more genes into the genomes of nitrogen-fixing species. For symbiotic plasmids, although horizontal gene transfer frequently occurred, transfer may be impeded by, such as, the host’s physical isolation and soil conditions, even among phylogenetically close species. During coevolution with leguminous hosts, the plasmid system, including accessory and symbiotic plasmids, may have evolved over a time span, and provided rhizobial species with the ability to adapt to various environmental conditions and helped them achieve nitrogen fixation. These findings provide new insights into the phylogeny of Rhizobiaceae and advance our understanding of the evolution of symbiotic nitrogen fixation.

scholarly journals Antioxidation and symbiotic nitrogen fixation function of prxA gene in Mesorhizobium huakuii

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanjiao Wang ◽  
Tiantian Lu ◽  
Qiang Xue ◽  
Ke Xu ◽  
Guojun Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Mesorhizobium Huakuii
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