Survey and census of the hoolock gibbon in West Garo Hills, Northeast India

Primates ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 299-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. B. Alfred ◽  
J. P. Sati
Keyword(s):  
Northeast India ◽  
Garo Hills

scholarly journals Farms or Forests? Understanding and Mapping Shifting Cultivation Using the Case Study of West Garo Hills, India

Land ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kurien ◽  
Lele ◽  
Nagendra
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
State Government ◽  
Shifting Cultivation ◽  
Northeast India ◽  
Tree Plantations ◽  
Old Growth Forest ◽  
Forest Survey ◽  
Garo Hills ◽  
Government Statistics

Attempts to study shifting cultivation landscapes are fundamentally impeded by the difficulty in mapping and distinguishing shifting cultivation, settled farms and forests. There are foundational challenges in defining shifting cultivation and its constituent land-covers and land-uses, conceptualizing a suitable mapping framework, and identifying consequent methodological specifications. Our objective is to present a rigorous methodological framework and mapping protocol, couple it with extensive fieldwork and use them to undertake a two-season Landsat image analysis to map the forest-agriculture frontier of West Garo Hills district, Meghalaya, in Northeast India. We achieve an overall accuracy of ~80% and find that shifting cultivation is the most extensive land-use, followed by tree plantations and old-growth forest confined to only a few locations. We have also found that commercial plantation extent is positively correlated with shortened fallow periods and high land-use intensities. Our findings are in sharp contrast to various official reports and studies, including from the Forest Survey of India, the Wastelands Atlas of India and state government statistics that show the landscape as primarily forested with only small fractions under shifting cultivation, a consequence of the lack of clear definitions and poor understanding of what constitutes shifting cultivation and forest. Our results call for an attentive revision of India’s official land-use mapping protocols, and have wider significance for remote sensing-based mapping in other shifting cultivation landscapes.

scholarly journals Rising levels of soil acidity in Meghalaya: Evidences and Imperatives

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 297-303
Author(s):  
MANOJ KUMAR ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Acidity ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Northeast India ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Acidic Soils ◽  
Exchangeable Acidity ◽  
Exchangeable Al ◽  
Eigen Values ◽  
Garo Hills

In order to examine the current status of soil acidity in Meghalaya, representative soil samples (n= 497) were collected (during 2015-2016) from across the state and analyzed for soil acidity and associated parameters. Averaged across the samples, pH of the soils was found to be very strongly acidic (4.94). Nearly 20 % of the soils had pH below 4.50, 59% below pH 5.0 and 80% below pH 5.50. Only 3.4% of the samples recorded pH more than 6.0. East Khasi Hills District had the maximum percentage (95.1%) of strongly acidic soils (pH ≤ 5.50) while Garo Hills had the least (50.2%). All other districts recorded more than 85% of the strongly acidic soils. Average exchangeable acidity, exchangeable Al and effective CEC were found to be 1.60, 1.27 and 3.86 meq/100g soil, respectively. Mean base saturation was recorded below 60%. Aluminium saturation (percentage of effective CEC being occupied by exch. Al) ranged from 1.5 to 79.7% with its mean value being as high as 33%. Principal component analysis provided three PCs with Eigen values >1 and together they explained 83.2 % of the variance in total dataset. The soil acidity in Meghalaya is on rise, with 80.2% of its soils being strongly acidic (pH ≤ 5.50) in contrast to the previous reports of 53% soils being strongly acidic. This calls for widespread adoption of soil acidity ameliorative measures in agriculture of Meghalaya, Northeast India.

Factors Influencing Habitat Use by Owls in a Mosaic Landscape in the Garo Hills, Northeast India

Ardea ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 109 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Sangeeth Sailas ◽  
S. Babu ◽  
P. Pramod ◽  
P.V. Karunakaran ◽  
H.N. Kumara
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Use ◽  
Northeast India ◽  
Mosaic Landscape ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Garo Hills

scholarly journals Geospatial Modeling To Assess Geomorphological Risk For Relentless Shifting Cultivation In Garo Hills Of Meghalaya, North East India

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pramod Kumar Yadav ◽  
Kiranmay Sarma ◽  
Ashish Kumar Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Shifting Cultivation ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Northeast India ◽  
Ecological Condition ◽  
North East India ◽  
North East ◽  
Dense Forest ◽  
Open Forest ◽  
Garo Hills

Due to shifting cultivation, the overall structure and composition of ecological condition is affected, hence landscape study becomes important for maintaining ecological diversity and appropriate scientific planning of any area. Garo hills region of northeast India is suffering from Geomorphological risk like sheet erosion, landslide etc. due to the age old tradition of shifting cultivation in the fragile hill slopes aided by other anthropogenic activities. The present study was conducted to examine the role of shifting cultivation for deforestation and degradation with variant of slope and elevation to relate vegetation cover with slope and elevation in the Garo Hills landscape of Meghalaya using temporal remote sensing data of 1991, 2001 and 2010. It revealed that there is decrease in dense forest and open forest during the 1st decade while areas under dense forest and non-forest increased in 2nd decade. This increased forest area is confined in the high slopes, which are inaccessible. The study shows increase in shifting cultivation near-about double fold in high slope and more than a double fold in the high altitudinal area in last decade, which is negative sign in terms of Geomorphological protection. International Journal of Environment, Volume-2, Issue-1, Sep-Nov 2013, Pages 91-104 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ije.v2i1.9212

scholarly journals Seroprevalence of peste des petits ruminants and bluetongue in goat population of Meghalaya, India

2018 ◽  
pp. 1689-1691 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Karam ◽  
K. Puro ◽  
S. Das ◽  
I. Shakuntala ◽  
R. Sanjukta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Northeast India ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Peste Des Petits Ruminants ◽  
Goat Population ◽  
Jaintia Hills ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
Garo Hills ◽  
Spread Of Infection ◽  
Random Survey

Aim: This study aimed to determine the seroprevalence of peste des petits ruminants (PPR) and bluetongue (BT) in goats' population in the state of Meghalaya of Northeast India. Materials and Methods: The serosurveillance study was done from the random sampling (n=598) of blood collected from five districts (Ri-Bhoi, East Khasi Hills, West Khasi Hills, Jaintia Hills and West Garo Hills) of Meghalaya. The presence of antibodies against PPR and BT in the samples was detected by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method for PPR and competitive ELISA for BT. Results: The results showed the overall seropositivity of PPR and BT at 7.19% and 60.20%, respectively. West Garo Hills recorded the highest seroprevalence of both PPR (9.81%) and BT (68%) and 3.6% of the samples tested positive for both PPR and BT. Conclusion: The random survey results indicating the presence of PPR and BT have specific implication in epidemiological perspectives since it highlights the prevalence under natural situations, where the subclinical, inapparent, or non-lethal or recovery of infection was suspected in unvaccinated animals. It also warrants further studies to suggest appropriate control measures to prevent the spread of infection.

Danger and Difference: Teatime at the northeast India-Bangladesh border

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 846-873
Author(s):  
MALINI SUR
Keyword(s):  
National Security ◽  
Northeast India ◽  
Rural Environment ◽  
The Political ◽  
State Control ◽  
Security Measures ◽  
History Of ◽  
International Boundary ◽  
Garo Hills ◽  
Changing Role

AbstractThis article asks what can be learned about affinity and alterity by considering how villagers and state troops collectively live in remote and often dangerous borders. Situating this question along South Asia's longest international boundary—the India-Bangladesh border—I query the political possibilities of conviviality that bear upon altering notions of reciprocity, exchange, and trust, and which have not attracted the attention of either urban or border scholars. I argue that reciprocal webs of exchange brought Garo matrilineal kinship and Christian religiosity into relations with seemingly impersonal worlds of state control and border rule. The exchange of valued domestic objects, and the broader set of political and gendered affinities that surrounded these, are evidence of the border's changing role and temporality in mitigating difference and danger. Although these relations are embedded in the history of border-making in the Garo Hills, recent national security measures and border infrastructures have disrupted prior exchanges. These have disembedded the troops from their immediate rural environment in attempts to contain trans-border relationships.

The Customs of Conquest: Legal Primitivism and British Paramountcy in Northeast India

2021 ◽  
pp. 025764302110421
Author(s):  
Sanghamitra Misra
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Northeast India ◽  
East India Company ◽  
Customary Law ◽  
Colonial State ◽  
Political Autonomy ◽  
Hill Tribe ◽  
The Government ◽  
Garo Hills ◽  
The Hill

The discourse around indigeneity, customary rights of possession and claims to political autonomy in Northeast India conventionally traces the postcolonial protectionist legislation for ‘tribes’ to various acts passed under the late colonial state, the most significant precursor being seen as the Government of India Act, 1935. This article will argue that one can in fact trace the ‘original moment’ in the idea of customary law for ‘tribes’ much further back in history, to the early decades of the nineteenth century. This historical moment was anchored in the beginnings of the East India Company’s conquest of the Garo hills in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, in the appropriation of the land and revenue of the Garos and in the ethnogenesis of the ‘hill Garo’. The article will explore the ways in which the beginning of the invention of customary law and traditional authority in Northeast India under East India Company rule was impelled by the Company’s demands for revenue and was shielded and secured by the deployment of military power across the hills. Over the course of the nineteenth century, the strategies of imperial control first introduced in the region were reproduced across the rest of Northeast India, underscoring the significance of the Garo hills as the first ‘laboratory’ of colonial rule in the region as well as sharpening our understanding of the character of the early colonial state. The article thus takes as its task the historicization of the categories of ‘customary law’, ‘traditional/indigenous authority’ and the ‘hill tribe’, all of which form the basis of late colonial and postcolonial legislation on the ‘tribe’.

Nutritive Value of Strobilanthes Auriculata Nees (Acanthaceae) a Pliestial Plant of Manipur, Northeast India

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-40
Author(s):  
Dr. Deshworjit Singh Ningombam ◽  
◽  
Sanjita Chanu Konsam ◽  
Potsangbam Kumar Singh Potsangbam Kumar Singh
Keyword(s):  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Northeast India
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