Ectomycorrhizal fungi with edible fruiting bodies 3.Tuber magnatum, tuberaceae

1998 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 192-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. R. Hall ◽  
A. Zambonelli ◽  
F. Primavera
Keyword(s):  
Ectomycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Fruiting Bodies ◽  
Tuber Magnatum

scholarly journals Selection of Sphingomonadaceae at the Base of Laccaria proxima and Russula exalbicans Fruiting Bodies

2009 ◽  
Vol 75 (7) ◽  
pp. 1979-1989 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. G. Hidde Boersma ◽  
Jan A. Warmink ◽  
Fernando A. Andreote ◽  
Jan Dirk van Elsas
Keyword(s):  
Ectomycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Bulk Soil ◽  
Fruiting Bodies ◽  
Community Structures ◽  
Specific Pcr ◽  
Laccaria Proxima ◽  
The Family ◽  
Gradient Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Selection Of

ABSTRACT The dense hyphal network directly underneath the fruiting bodies of ectomycorrhizal fungi might exert strong influences on the bacterial community of soil. Such fruiting bodies might serve as hot spots for bacterial activity, for instance by providing nutrients and colonization sites in soil. Here, we assessed the putative selection of specific members of the Sphingomonadaceae family at the bases of the fruiting bodies of the ectomycorrhizal fungi Laccaria proxima and Russula exalbicans in comparison to the adjacent bulk soil. To do so, we used a previously designed Sphingomonadaceae-specific PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) system and complemented this with analyses of sequences from a Sphingomonadaceae-specific clone library. The analyses showed clear selective effects of the fruiting bodies of both fungi on the Sphingomonadaceae community structures. The effect was especially prevalent with R. exalbicans. Strikingly, similar fungi sampled approximately 100 m apart showed similar DGGE patterns, while corresponding bulk soil-derived patterns differed from each other. However, the mycospheres of L. proxima and R. exalbicans still revealed divergent community structures, indicating that different fungi select for different members of the Sphingomonadaceae family. Excision of specific bands from the DGGE patterns, as well as analyses of the clone libraries generated from both habitats, revealed fruiting body-specific Sphingomonadaceae types. It further showed that major groups from the mycospheres of R. exalbicans and L. proxima did not cluster with known bacteria from the database, indicating new groups within the family of Sphingomonadaceae present in these environments.

scholarly journals Environmental conditions influence the biochemical properties of the fruiting bodies of Tuber magnatum Pico

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Federico Vita ◽  
Flavio Antonio Franchina ◽  
Cosimo Taiti ◽  
Vittoria Locato ◽  
Giorgio Pennazza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Fruiting Bodies ◽  
Tuber Magnatum

Ectomycorrhizal fungi with edible fruiting bodies 2.Boletus edulis

1998 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. R. Hall ◽  
A. J. E. Lyon ◽  
Y. Wang ◽  
L. Sinclair
Keyword(s):  
Ectomycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Fruiting Bodies ◽  
Boletus Edulis

Ectomycorrhizal fungi with edible fruiting bodies 1.Tricholoma Matsutake and Related Fungi

1997 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 311-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wang Yun ◽  
Ian R. Hall ◽  
Lynley A. Evans
Keyword(s):  
Ectomycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Tricholoma Matsutake ◽  
Fruiting Bodies

scholarly journals Ectomycorrhizal Fungi on South Kalimantan Serpentine Soil

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rudy Hermawan ◽  
Witiyasti Imaningsih ◽  
Badruzsaufari Badruzsaufari
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Ectomycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Ectomycorrhizal Fungus ◽  
Serpentine Soil ◽  
Fruiting Bodies ◽  
Genus Identification ◽  
Manganese Chromium ◽  
Cobalt And Nickel

Serpentine soil contains highly heavy metals, such as manganese, chromium, cobalt, and nickel,which could bean inappropriate growthmediaofmostplants. Someplants thatfound able to grow optimally on South Kalimantan serpentine soil have been known to do association with ectomycorrhizal fungi. This research aimed to obtain and characterize mushrooms assumed as ectomycorrhizal fungi indigenous South Kalimantan serpentine soil. This study used field exploration of fungal fruiting bodies and identified the genus based on morphological characters of fruiting bodies such as shape, size, and ornamentation, which are unique for the genus identification, then compared the characteristics on mushroomexpert.com. The mushrooms were also confirmed of genera assumed as ectomycorrhizal fungi based on mycorrhizas.info. Seven fruiting bodies were obtained and classified as Cantharellus (Ct), Chlorophyllum (Ch1 and Ch2), Lycoperdon (Ly), Ramaria (Rm1 and Rm2), and Thelephora (Tp). The results showed that all of those fruiting bodies belong to Basidiomycetes. There were 4 genera of Cantharellus, Lycoperdon, Ramaria, and Thelephora, assumed as ectomycorrhizal fungi. But Chlorophyllum genus was never reported as ectomycorrhizal fungus

Mycophagy of red-backed voles in Oregon and Washington

1982 ◽  
Vol 60 (12) ◽  
pp. 3307-3315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas C. Ure ◽  
Chris Maser
Keyword(s):  
Ectomycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Stomach Contents ◽  
Green Plant ◽  
Cascade Range ◽  
Coniferous Forests ◽  
Fruiting Bodies ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Small Seed ◽  
Western Washington ◽  
Seed Crops

We analyzed stomach contents from two subspecies of Clethrionomys californicus and three subspecies of C. gapperi from coniferous forests of Oregon and western Washington. Seasonal diets were determined for each subspecies of C. californicus. Major foods eaten were the fruiting bodies of hypogeous ectomycorrhizal fungi, predominantly Gasteromycetes, and fruticose lichens, regardless of season. Fungus consumption partially depended on availability. When fungi became scarce, lichens were substituted. Other foods were important only during winter in Cascade Range. Clethrionomys gapperi from Washington consumed large quantities of conifer seed and green plant parts in midautumn. These materials were a small part of the diets of Oregon red-backed voles in midautumn, but this may relate to localized small seed crops. Dependence on ectomycorrhizal fungi by western red-backed voles probably accounts for the latter's disappearance from deforested sites.

scholarly journals Adaptation of Selected Ectomycorrhizal Fungi to Increased Concentration of Cadmium and Lead

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 483-491
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Bandurska ◽  
Piotr Krupa ◽  
Agnieszka Berdowska ◽  
Magdalena Marczak
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Ectomycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Colorimetric Method ◽  
Fungal Resistance ◽  
Fruiting Bodies ◽  
Industrial Emissions ◽  
Mineral Salts ◽  
Cadmium And Lead ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Plants together with water and minerals actively take from the soil heavy metals such as cadmium and lead. The negative role of ions of these metals on plant growth and development depends not only on their concentration in the soil, but also on a number of factors that may affect the transport of minerals from the soil to the roots. The harmful effects of xenobiotics getting from the soil to the plants are limited by the organic compounds contained in the soil, soil structure and pH. Particularly noteworthy are biotic factors, such as bacteria and fungi which greatly limit the translocation of heavy metals. Stream of new scientific reports show that the symbiotic combination of fungi with plant roots so called mycorrhizae is a factor that may be important in reducing the impact of soil contamination by heavy metals. Mycorrhiza by filtering solutions of water and mineral salts stop a considerable amount of heavy metals in the internal mycelium or on its surface. It was proved that plants with properly formed mycorrhiza grow better in hard to renew lands, such as salty, sterile soils contaminated with industrial waste. Questions to which answer was sought in this study are: 1) whether mycorrhizal fungi for many years growing in the contaminated areas have managed to adapt to these adverse conditions and 2) do the same species derived from clean areas are less resistant to contamination by heavy metals? Stated problems tried to be solved based on the fruiting bodies of fungi collected from ectomycorrhizal fungi picked from the areas contaminated by industrial emissions and areas free of contamination. The interaction of cadmium and lead ions on the growth of mycelium was examined by plate method and binding of heavy metals in fruiting structures of fungi were done by colorimetric method with use of methylene blue. It has been shown that the fungal resistance, even of the same species, to high concentration of heavy metals varies depending on the origin of symbiont. Isolated fungi from contaminated areas are better adapted to high concentrations of xenobiotics. Ability to bind cadmium and lead to fruiting bodies of fungi varies.

The ectomycorrhizal status of Calostoma cinnabarinum determined using isotopic, molecular, and morphological methods

2007 ◽  
Vol 85 (4) ◽  
pp. 385-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew W. Wilson ◽  
Erik A. Hobbie ◽  
David S. Hibbett
Keyword(s):  
Ectomycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Soil Cores ◽  
Fruiting Bodies ◽  
Root Tips ◽  
Specific Primers ◽  
Saprotrophic Fungi ◽  
Plant Associations ◽  
Ectomycorrhizal Basidiomycetes

Calostoma cinnabarinum Corda belongs to the suborder Sclerodermatineae (Boletales), which includes many well-known ectomycorrhizal basidiomycetes, but the genus Calostoma has been described as saprotrophic. This study combines isotopic, molecular, and morphological techniques to determine the mode of nutrition of C. cinnabarinum. δ13C and δ15N measurements were compared among co-occurring C. cinnabarinum, ectomycorrhizal fungi, saprotrophic fungi, and ectomycorrhizal plants. Isotopic profiles of C. cinnabarinum resembled those of ectomycorrhizal fungi but not those of saprotrophic fungi. For molecular analyses, ectomycorrhizal root tips were extracted from soil cores collected beneath C. cinnabarinum fruit bodies. Nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (nrITS) sequences were obtained from ectomycorrhizal root tips using fungal-specific primers and screened against C. cinnabarinum nrITS sequences. Ectomycorrhizal root tips had nrITS sequences that matched C. cinnabarinum fruiting bodies. Root tips colonized by C. cinnabarinum were also described morphologically. Several morphological characters were shared between fruiting bodies and ectomycorrhizal root tips of C. cinnabarinum. Results of isotopic, molecular, and morphological analyses indicate that C. cinnabarinum is ectomycorrhizal. Molecular analysis and observations of plant associations suggest that C. cinnabarinum forms ectomycorrhizae with Quercus .

Effect of gut passage by two highland rodents on spore activity and mycorrhiza formation of two species of ectomycorrhizal fungi (Laccaria trichodermophora and Suillus tomentosus)

Botany ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 90 (11) ◽  
pp. 1084-1092 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Pérez ◽  
Citlalli Castillo-Guevara ◽  
Gema Galindo-Flores ◽  
Mariana Cuautle ◽  
Arturo Estrada-Torres
Keyword(s):  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Ectomycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Forest Ecosystems ◽  
Rodent Species ◽  
Central Mexico ◽  
Fruiting Bodies ◽  
Gut Passage ◽  
Mycorrhizal Associations ◽  
Mycorrhiza Formation

Research on mycophagy has focused mainly on fungi with hypogeous fruiting bodies, while studies on epigeous fruiting bodies are rare. We evaluated spore activity and capacity to establish mycorrhizal associations for the ectomycorrhizal fungi Laccaria trichodermophora Mueller and Suillus tomentosus (Kauffman) Singer, Snell and Dick (both of which produce epigeous fruiting bodies) after being consumed by the mice Peromyscus alstoni Merrian and Peromyscus maniculatus Wagner. Passage through the digestive tract of both rodent species reduced spore activity of S. tomentosus but increased spore activity of L. trichodermophora. In contrast, passage through the digestive tract of P. alstoni increased the percentage of mycorrhiza formation by S. tomentosus, whereas mycorrhiza formation by L. trichodermophora decreased following gut passage in either species of mice. These results show that the studied rodent species have differential effects on mycorrhiza formation by two species of fungi with epigeous fruiting bodies and may play a significant role in maintaining mycorrhizal communities and healthy forest ecosystems in central Mexico.

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