BÖHLER K245

Böhler K245 is a high-carbon, silicon-manganese-chromium, alloy cold-work tool steel that possesses good resistance to abrasion and excellent elasticity. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, and elasticity. It also includes information on forming, heat treating, and machining. Filing Code: TS-815. Producer or source: voestalpine Böhler Edelstahl GmbH & Co KG.

COMPONENT COMPOSITION AND ANTIOXIDANT POTENTIAL OF CYSTOSEIRA BARBATA FROM THE BLACK SEA

The purpose of this study was to analyze some chemical elements and to determine the content of total phenols and pigments in the brown seaweed Cystoseira barbata from Rusalka Cape near the Black Sea. In addition, the antioxidant potential of this algae was also evaluated by four methods based on different mechanisms. The obtained results were compared with other scientific studies related to inorganic and organized compositions of Cystoseira barbata from different marine regions.It was found that the seaweed from Rusalka Cape contained high values of manganese, chromium and boron and a high concentration of carotenoids. Therefore, this seaweed was evaluated as a source of microelements, carotenoids and antioxidants.

Subsurface Crack Initiation and Propagation in an Open Dieforged High Strength Steel: A Microstructural Analysis

This paper presents an experimental investigation with the objective to determine the root causes for the cracking of a large size bar made of a medium carbon low alloy steel after open die forging and heat treatments operations. The cracks were observed below the surface during the machining step. In order to understand the mechanisms of crack initiation and propagation, micro-CT tomography and scanning electron microscope (SEM) were employed. Microstructural damage analysis revealed oxidation of different alloying elements, more specifically manganese, chromium and silicon. The presence of defects in the form of cavities and porosities were also observed at the grain boundaries. Some of the above defects were observed along the crack path, while others were on both sides of the cracks without any connection to them and finally, a third group completely isolated from any crack. The characteristics of the defects were thoroughly analyzed and it was found that the crack initiation could be attributed principally to the porosities/cavities formed during solidification. The analysis also showed that crack propagation occurred during solidification and/or forging and heat treatment steps.

Mitigation of Heat Stress in Broiler Chickens with Heat Shock Protein 70 Gene Expression as its Indicator

<p class="awabstrak2"><span lang="EN-US">Heat stress is an important issue in broiler chicken farms in tropical countries, such as Indonesia. Heat stress is very detrimental to broiler chickens because reducing production performance, health, and causing mortality. In the condition of heat stress, broilers synthesize Heat Shock Protein (HSP) quickly as the body's response to heat stress. HSP 70 is the most studied HSP group related to heat stress. The objective of this study was to review the nutritional approach that has been done to mitigate heat stress in broiler chickens with the HSP70 gene expression as its indicator. Based on some studies, nutritional approaches that can be taken are through the management of feed availability, supplementation of vitamin C, vitamin E, plant bioactives, amino acids (taurine and glutamine), probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, manan oligo saccharide (MOS) and minerals (selenium, zinc, manganese, chromium). By these approaches, HSP70 gene expression decreased indicating that the heat stress level of broiler chicken also reduced. It can be concluded that the nutritional approach can be used as a method for heat stress mitigation in broilers with the HSP70 gene expression indicator. </span></p>

Heavy Metal Analysis of Three Urban Rivers in Enugu, Nigeria

The multiple industrial, domestic, agricultural, medical, and technological applications of heavy metals have led to their wide distribution in the environment, raising concerns over their potential effects on human health and the environment. This work focused on the determination of manganese, chromium, zinc, cadmium, arsenic, mercury, iron and lead concentrations in Abakpa, Iva Valley, and Transekulu Rivers which are close to residential areas in Enugu, Nigeria. The analysis were carried out using atomic absorption spectrometer (AAS). All the heavy metals tested in the three studied locations exceeded the different drinking water limits except zinc which was below secondary drinking water standard of 5.0 mg/l. The levels of mercury and zinc were significantly higher in Abakpa River (0.57 ± 0.112 and 0.881 ± 0.0015 mgl-1 respectively). Iva valley showed higher levels of manganese, chromium, iron and arsenic compared to other rivers studied. The presence in these metals in the water sources are a great risk to humans and the environment.

DEUTSCHE EDELSTAHLWERKE CRYODUR 2101

Deutsche Edelstahlwerke Cryodur 2101 is a high-carbon, silicon-manganese-chromium, alloy cold-work tool steel that possesses good wear resistance and excellent toughness, and is primarily used for shock resisting applications. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, and elasticity. It also includes information on forming and heat treating. Filing Code: TS-798. Producer or Source: Deutsche Edelstahlwerke Specialty Steel.

Ectomycorrhizal Fungi on South Kalimantan Serpentine Soil

Serpentine soil contains highly heavy metals, such as manganese, chromium, cobalt, and nickel,which could bean inappropriate growthmediaofmostplants. Someplants thatfound able to grow optimally on South Kalimantan serpentine soil have been known to do association with ectomycorrhizal fungi. This research aimed to obtain and characterize mushrooms assumed as ectomycorrhizal fungi indigenous South Kalimantan serpentine soil. This study used field exploration of fungal fruiting bodies and identified the genus based on morphological characters of fruiting bodies such as shape, size, and ornamentation, which are unique for the genus identification, then compared the characteristics on mushroomexpert.com. The mushrooms were also confirmed of genera assumed as ectomycorrhizal fungi based on mycorrhizas.info. Seven fruiting bodies were obtained and classified as Cantharellus (Ct), Chlorophyllum (Ch1 and Ch2), Lycoperdon (Ly), Ramaria (Rm1 and Rm2), and Thelephora (Tp). The results showed that all of those fruiting bodies belong to Basidiomycetes. There were 4 genera of Cantharellus, Lycoperdon, Ramaria, and Thelephora, assumed as ectomycorrhizal fungi. But Chlorophyllum genus was never reported as ectomycorrhizal fungus