Novel complexes of cyclin-dependent kinases and a cyclin-like protein from Arabidopsis thaliana with a function unrelated to cell division

Sound waves affect plants at the biochemical, physical, and genetic levels. However, the mechanisms by which plants respond to sound waves are largely unknown. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the effect of sound waves on Arabidopsis thaliana growth. The results of the study showed that Arabidopsis seeds exposed to sound waves (100 and 100 + 9k Hz) for 15 h per day for 3 day had significantly longer root growth than that in the control group. The root length and cell number in the root apical meristem were significantly affected by sound waves. Furthermore, genes involved in cell division were upregulated in seedlings exposed to sound waves. Root development was affected by the concentration and activity of some phytohormones, including cytokinin and auxin. Analysis of the expression levels of genes regulating cytokinin and auxin biosynthesis and signaling showed that cytokinin and ethylene signaling genes were downregulated, while auxin signaling and biosynthesis genes were upregulated in Arabidopsis exposed to sound waves. Additionally, the cytokinin and auxin concentrations of the roots of Arabidopsis plants increased and decreased, respectively, after exposure to sound waves. Our findings suggest that sound waves are potential agricultural tools for improving crop growth performance.

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Citral Induces Auxin and Ethylene-Mediated Malformations and Arrests Cell Division in Arabidopsis thaliana Roots

Journal of Chemical Ecology ◽

10.1007/s10886-013-0250-y ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 39 (2) ◽

pp. 271-282 ◽

Cited By ~ 41

Author(s):

E. Graña ◽

T. Sotelo ◽

C. Díaz-Tielas ◽

F. Araniti ◽

U. Krasuska ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽

Cell Division

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Arabidopsis sepals: A model system for the emergent process of morphogenesis

Quantitative Plant Biology ◽

10.1017/qpb.2021.12 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 ◽

Author(s):

Adrienne H. K. Roeder

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽

Cell Division ◽

Slow Growth ◽

Expression Patterns ◽

Giant Cells ◽

Model System ◽

Gene Expression Patterns ◽

Emergent Properties ◽

Correct Size

Abstract During development, Arabidopsis thaliana sepal primordium cells grow, divide and interact with their neighbours, giving rise to a sepal with the correct size, shape and form. Arabidopsis sepals have proven to be a good system for elucidating the emergent processes driving morphogenesis due to their simplicity, their accessibility for imaging and manipulation, and their reproducible development. Sepals undergo a basipetal gradient of growth, with cessation of cell division, slow growth and maturation starting at the tip of the sepal and progressing to the base. In this review, I discuss five recent examples of processes during sepal morphogenesis that yield emergent properties: robust size, tapered tip shape, laminar shape, scattered giant cells and complex gene expression patterns. In each case, experiments examining the dynamics of sepal development led to the hypotheses of local rules. In each example, a computational model was used to demonstrate that these local rules are sufficient to give rise to the emergent properties of morphogenesis.

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In Silico and Cellular Differences Related to the Cell Division Process between the A and B Races of the Colonial Microalga Botryococcus braunii

Biomolecules ◽

10.3390/biom11101463 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (10) ◽

pp. 1463

Author(s):

Xochitl Morales-de la Cruz ◽

Alejandra Mandujano-Chávez ◽

Daniel R. Browne ◽

Timothy P. Devarenne ◽

Lino Sánchez-Segura ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cell Division ◽

Combustion Engine ◽

Botryococcus Braunii ◽

Slow Growth Rate ◽

Cyclin Dependent Kinases ◽

Multinucleated Cells ◽

Cell Doubling Time ◽

Division Process ◽

Polyphosphate Bodies ◽

Growing Conditions

Botryococcus braunii produce liquid hydrocarbons able to be processed into combustion engine fuels. Depending on the growing conditions, the cell doubling time can be up to 6 days or more, which is a slow growth rate in comparison with other microalgae. Few studies have analyzed the cell cycle of B. braunii. We did a bioinformatic comparison between the protein sequences for retinoblastoma and cyclin-dependent kinases from the A (Yamanaka) and B (Showa) races, with those sequences from other algae and Arabidopsis thaliana. Differences in the number of cyclin-dependent kinases and potential retinoblastoma phosphorylation sites between the A and B races were found. Some cyclin-dependent kinases from both races seemed to be phylogenetically more similar to A. thaliana than to other microalgae. Microscopic observations were done using several staining procedures. Race A colonies, but not race B, showed some multinucleated cells without chlorophyll. An active mitochondrial net was detected in those multinucleated cells, as well as being defined in polyphosphate bodies. These observations suggest differences in the cell division processes between the A and B races of B. braunii.

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Regulation of cyclin-dependent kinases in Arabidopsis thaliana

The Plant Cell Cycle ◽

10.1007/978-94-010-0936-2_4 ◽

2000 ◽

pp. 39-49

Author(s):

Hilde Stals ◽

Peter Casteels ◽

Marc Van Montagu ◽

Dirk Inzé

Keyword(s):

Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽

Cyclin Dependent Kinases

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MUN ( MERISTEM UNSTRUCTURED ), encoding a SPC24 homolog of NDC80 kinetochore complex, affects development through cell division in Arabidopsis thaliana

The Plant Journal ◽

10.1111/tpj.13823 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 93 (6) ◽

pp. 977-991 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Jinwoo Shin ◽

Goowon Jeong ◽

Jong‐Yoon Park ◽

Hoyeun Kim ◽

Ilha Lee

Keyword(s):

Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽

Cell Division

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Development of potential inhibitors of cell division protein kinase 2 by ligand based drug design

Main Group Chemistry ◽

10.3233/mgc-210013 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Vildan Enisoğlu Atalay ◽

Büşra Savaş

Keyword(s):

Hydrogen Bond ◽

Cell Division ◽

Drug Design ◽

Discovery Studio ◽

Cyclin Dependent Kinases ◽

Hydrogen Bond Interactions ◽

Damage Repair ◽

Cancer Types ◽

Potential Inhibitors ◽

Cycle Regulation

Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) are commonly known by their role in cell cycle regulation which affects cancer mechanism. In many cancer types, CDKs show extreme activity or CDK inhibiting proteins are dysfunctional. Specifically, CDK2 plays an indispensable role in cell division especially in the G1/S phase and DNA damage repair. Therefore, it is important to find new potential CDK2 inhibitors. In this study, ligand-based drug design is used to design new potential CDK2 inhibitors. Y8 L ligand is obtained from the X-ray crystal structure of human CDK2 (PDB ID: 2XNB) (www.pdb.org) and used as a structure model. By adding hydrophilic and hydrophobic groups to the structure, a training set of 36 molecules is generated. Each molecule examined with Spartan’14 and optimized structures are used for docking to CDK2 structure by AutoDock and AutoDock Vina programs. Ligand-amino acid interactions are analysed with Discovery Studio Visualizer. Van der Waals, Pi-Pi T-shaped, alkyl, pi-alkyl, conventional hydrogen bond and carbon-hydrogen bond interactions are observed. By docking results and viewed interactions, some molecules are identified and discussed as potential CDK2 inhibitors. Additionally, 8 different QSAR descriptors obtained from Spartan’14, Preadmet and ALOGPS 2.1 programs are investigated with multiple linear regulation (MLR) analysis with SPSS program for their impact on affinity value.

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Coupling of Cell Division and Differentiation in Arabidopsis thaliana Cultured Cells with Interaction of Ethylene and ABA Signaling Pathways

Life ◽

10.3390/life10020015 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 15

Author(s):

Novikova ◽

Stepanchenko ◽

Zorina ◽

Nosov ◽

Rakitin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cell Cycle ◽

Signal Transduction ◽

Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽

Cell Division ◽

Cell Differentiation ◽

Signal Transduction Pathway ◽

Transduction Pathway ◽

Aba Signaling ◽

Exogenous Aba ◽

Ethylene Signal

Recent studies indicate direct links between molecular cell cycle and cell differentiation machineries. Ethylene and abscisic acid (ABA) are known to affect cell division and differentiation, but the mechanisms of such effects are poorly understood. As ethylene and ABA signaling routes may interact, we examined their involvement in cell division and differentiation in cell tissue cultures derived from several Arabidopsis thaliana plants: wild type (Col-0), and ethylene-insensitive mutants etr1-1, ctr1-1, and ein2-1. We designed an experimental setup to analyze the growth-related parameters and molecular mechanisms in proliferating cells upon short exposure to ABA. Here, we provide evidence for the ethylene–ABA signaling pathways’ interaction in the regulation of cell division and differentiation as follows: (1) when the ethylene signal transduction pathway is functionally active (Col-0), the cells actively proliferate, and exogenous ABA performs its function as an inhibitor of DNA synthesis and division; (2) if the ethylene signal is not perceived (etr1-1), then, in addition to cell differentiation (tracheary elements formation), cell death can occur. The addition of exogenous ABA can rescue the cells via increasing proliferation; (3) if the ethylene signal is perceived, but not transduced (ein2-1), then cell differentiation takes place—the latter is enhanced by exogenous ABA while cell proliferation is reduced; (4) when the signal transduction pathway is constitutively active, the cells begin to exit the cell cycle and proceed to endo-reduplication (ctr1-1). In this case, the addition of exogenous ABA promotes reactivation of cell division.

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