Succinaldehyde induced water resistance improvements of UF wood adhesives

1997 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Wang ◽  
A. Pizzi
Keyword(s):  
Water Resistance ◽  
Wood Adhesives

scholarly journals Peanut meal-based wood adhesives enhanced by urea and epichlorohydrin

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 191154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen Chen ◽  
Fusheng Chen ◽  
Boye Liu ◽  
Yan Du ◽  
Chen Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Water Resistance ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Peanut Meal ◽  
Decomposition Temperature ◽  
Solid Content ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Wood Adhesives ◽  
Plywood Industry ◽  
Reactive Groups

Peanut meal (PM) has recently emerged as a potential protein source for wood adhesives, owing to superior features such as high availability, renewability and eco-friendliness. However, the poor properties of unmodified PM-based wood adhesives, compared with their petroleum-derived counterparts, limit their use in high-performance applications. In order to promote the application of PM-based wood adhesives in plywood industry, urea (U) and epichlorohydrin (ECH) were used to enhance the properties of the adhesives and the modification mechanism was investigated. PM-based wood adhesives made with U and ECH were shown to possess sufficient water resistance and exhibited higher apparent viscosity and solid content than without. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy results suggested that U denatured PM protein and expose more reactive groups, allowing ECH to react better with U-treated PM protein to form a dense, cross-linked network which was the main reason for the improvement of the properties. The crystallinity increased from 2.7% to 11% compared with the control, indicating that the molecular structure of the resultant adhesive modified by U and ECH became more regular and compact owing to the cross-linked network structure. Thermogravimetry tests showed that decomposition temperature of the protein skeleton structure increased from 307°C to 314°C after U and ECH modification. Scanning electron microscopy images revealed that using U and ECH for adhesives resulted in a smooth protein surface which prevented moisture penetration and improved water resistance. PM-based adhesives thus represent potential candidates to replace petroleum-derived adhesives in the plywood industry, which will effectively promote the rapid development of eco-friendly adhesives and increase the added value of PM.

scholarly journals Evaluating The Water Resistance of Wood Adhesives Formulated with Chicken Feather Produced from Poultry Industry

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 126-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dae-Hak Park ◽  
In Yang ◽  
Won-Sil Choi ◽  
Sei Chang Oh ◽  
Dong-uk Ahn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Resistance ◽  
Chicken Feather ◽  
Poultry Industry ◽  
Wood Adhesives

scholarly journals Preparation of highly water-resistant wood adhesives using ECH as a crosslinking agent

e-Polymers ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-107
Author(s):  
Chen Ding ◽  
Ning Li ◽  
Zhikang Chen ◽  
Yufei Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Shear Strength ◽  
Water Resistance ◽  
Phenol Formaldehyde ◽  
Crosslinking Agent ◽  
Kraft Lignin ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
National Standards ◽  
Type I ◽  
Synthesis Mechanism ◽  
Wood Adhesives

Abstract In this study, kraft lignin and epichlorohydrin (ECH) were used to prepare no-formaldehyde wood adhesives. The lignin was first treated by ball milling, then reacted with glyoxal to produce glyoxalated lignin under alkaline conditions, and then blended with ECH to prepare lignin-based formaldehyde-free adhesive. The influence of the content of ECH on the physicochemical properties of the adhesives was explored, and the possible synthesis mechanism of the ECH-modified glyoxalated lignin adhesives (glyoxalated kraft lignin-epoxy [GKLE]) was investigated. The results show that ECH was beneficial to improving the plywood shear strength and water resistance; the plywood prepared with GKLE-50 adhesive displays comparable water resistance as phenol–formaldehyde resins and its wet shear strength (type I) was 1.05 MPa, exceeding the Chinese National Standards GB/T 9846-2015. Scanning electron microscopy analysis showed that the increase of ECH content promoted the adhesive to penetrate the wood to form glue nails, improving the wet shear strength of the plywood. Chemical analysis indicated that glyoxalation was used to introduce hydroxyethyl groups into the ortho positions of the aromatic rings of lignin, and then the ring-opening reaction between glyoxalated lignin and ECH occurred forming ether bonds. Overall, lignin has displayed great potential in replacing formaldehyde-based adhesives for industrial applications.

scholarly journals Exfoliating nanomaterials in canola protein derived adhesive improves strength and water resistance

RSC Advances ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 6743-6752 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nandika Bandara ◽  
Yussef Esparza ◽  
Jianping Wu
Keyword(s):  
Water Resistance ◽  
Wood Adhesives ◽  
Green Wood ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Canola Protein

A new green wood adhesives was developed by exfoliating nanomaterials at low concentrations in canola protein.

Wood Adhesives Based on Natural Resources: A Critical Review Part II. Carbohydrate-Based Adhesives

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 333-378
Author(s):  
Manfred Dunky
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Water Resistance ◽  
Fibre Surface ◽  
Huge Number ◽  
Decomposition Products ◽  
Wood Adhesives ◽  
Synthetic Chemicals ◽  
Scientific Papers ◽  
Natural And Synthetic

This Part II of the series of critical reviews on Wood Adhesives Based on Natural Resources concentrates on the various carbohydrates and their decomposition products, which might be used as wood adhesives. This includes the use of native carbohydrates as such as adhesives, and also with chemical modification of carbohydrates by natural and synthetic components. Crosslinking in order to improve moisture and water resistance is achievable by natural and synthetic chemicals. Most promising options are realized by decomposition of various carbohydrates to small, well-defined monomers, which then can undergo various reactions, yielding again polymers in order to create a bondline. Suitable monomers are various furan moieties, such as 5-hydroxymethylfurfural. Activation of cellulose and hemicellulose at the wood or fibre surface by chemicals, such as citric acid, enables bonding effects without addition of an external adhesive. So far, however, carbohydrates are used only in very small amounts as industrially applied wood adhesives, despite tremendous R&D effort made and a huge number of scientific papers and reports published.

Experiments on Water Resistance

1908 ◽  
Vol 66 (1719supp) ◽  
pp. 373-373
Author(s):  
Karl Wallin
Keyword(s):  
Water Resistance
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