scholarly journals Peanut meal-based wood adhesives enhanced by urea and epichlorohydrin

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 191154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen Chen ◽  
Fusheng Chen ◽  
Boye Liu ◽  
Yan Du ◽  
Chen Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Water Resistance ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Peanut Meal ◽  
Decomposition Temperature ◽  
Solid Content ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Wood Adhesives ◽  
Plywood Industry ◽  
Reactive Groups

Peanut meal (PM) has recently emerged as a potential protein source for wood adhesives, owing to superior features such as high availability, renewability and eco-friendliness. However, the poor properties of unmodified PM-based wood adhesives, compared with their petroleum-derived counterparts, limit their use in high-performance applications. In order to promote the application of PM-based wood adhesives in plywood industry, urea (U) and epichlorohydrin (ECH) were used to enhance the properties of the adhesives and the modification mechanism was investigated. PM-based wood adhesives made with U and ECH were shown to possess sufficient water resistance and exhibited higher apparent viscosity and solid content than without. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy results suggested that U denatured PM protein and expose more reactive groups, allowing ECH to react better with U-treated PM protein to form a dense, cross-linked network which was the main reason for the improvement of the properties. The crystallinity increased from 2.7% to 11% compared with the control, indicating that the molecular structure of the resultant adhesive modified by U and ECH became more regular and compact owing to the cross-linked network structure. Thermogravimetry tests showed that decomposition temperature of the protein skeleton structure increased from 307°C to 314°C after U and ECH modification. Scanning electron microscopy images revealed that using U and ECH for adhesives resulted in a smooth protein surface which prevented moisture penetration and improved water resistance. PM-based adhesives thus represent potential candidates to replace petroleum-derived adhesives in the plywood industry, which will effectively promote the rapid development of eco-friendly adhesives and increase the added value of PM.

Study of Vinyltrimethoxysilane Modified Wood Flour/HDPE Composites

2011 ◽  
Vol 183-185 ◽  
pp. 2148-2153
Author(s):  
Chun Tao Li ◽  
Wei Hong Wang ◽  
Qing Wen Wang ◽  
Yan Jun Xie ◽  
Yong Ming Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Water Resistance ◽  
Wood Flour ◽  
Untreated Wood ◽  
Solution Concentration ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Grafting Reaction ◽  
Interfacial Compatibility ◽  
Modified Wood

Wood plastic composites (WPC) are a new type of green environmental composites with high performance and added value. In this paper, poplar wood flour was modified with vinyltrimethoxysilane(A-171) to improve the interfacial compatibility and enhance the interfacial bonding between the polar wood flour and nonpolar plastics. Then the modified wood flour was blended with high density polyethylene (HDPE) and prepared composites by extrusion. The effects of amount and solution concentration of A-171 on the properties of WPC were investigated. FTIR analysis indicated that polycondensation grafting reaction occurred between A-171 and wood flour. Compared to untreated wood flour/HDPE composites, both mechanical properties and water resistance of the composites were improved and presented optimal performance when the dosage of A-171 was 4%. The storage modulus G' and viscosity η*of the composites decreased but the loss tangent tanδ increased compared to the untreated composites. G' and η* raised with the increase of A-171, however, tanδ decreased. Solution concentration of A-171 did not show significant effect on the mechanical properties of composites, but water resistance of composites decreased with the increase of solution concentrateon of A-171.

scholarly journals Effect of urea concentration on properties of peanut protein isolate, arachin and conarachin-based adhesives during urea-epichlorohydrin modification

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen Chen ◽  
Yan Du ◽  
Fusheng Chen
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Water Resistance ◽  
Decomposition Temperature ◽  
Protein Isolate ◽  
Solid Content ◽  
Urea Concentration ◽  
Peanut Protein ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Peanut Protein Isolate ◽  
Structure Changes

To lay a theoretical basis for the preparation of peanut protein-based adhesives and promote the sustainable development of the adhesive industry, properties of peanut protein isolate (PPI), arachin and conarachin-based adhesives modified by urea and epichlorohydrin (ECH) were investigated under different urea concentrations. When the urea concentration was 2 mol l −1 , the wet shear strength of the PPI-based adhesive was 1.24 MPa with the best water resistance. With the increase of urea concentration from 0 to 4 mol l −1 , the apparent viscosity of the PPI-based adhesive increased from 3.87 to 136.80 Pa s and the solid content increased from 18.11% to 31.11%. Compared with conarachin-based adhesive, the properties of arachin-based adhesive were improved more obviously during the combined modification. Scanning electron microscopy images illustrated that when the urea concentration was 2 mol l −1 , the surface of the PPI-based adhesive was more compact and smoother, which was beneficial to the improvement of water resistance and related to the structure changes of arachin and conarachin components. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy results indicated that different urea concentrations caused the change of ester and ether bonds in the PPI-based adhesive, which was mainly related to arachin component. Thermogravimetry results suggested that when the urea concentration was 2 mol l −1 , the decomposition temperature of protein skeleton in the PPI-based adhesive reached a maximum of 314°C exhibiting the highest thermal stability. The improvement of the thermal stability of conarachin was greater than that of arachin during the combined modification.

Surface/interface nanoengineering for rechargeable Zn–air batteries

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1132-1153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tianpei Zhou ◽  
Nan Zhang ◽  
Changzheng Wu ◽  
Yi Xie
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Rapid Development

Surface/interface nanoengineering of electrocatalysts and air electrodes will promote the rapid development of high-performance rechargeable Zn–air batteries.

High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) for the Investigation of Medicinal Plants

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alper Gökbulut
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Separation Efficiency ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Herbal Remedies ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Powerful Analytical Tool ◽  
Quantitative Examination ◽  
Data Acquisition And Processing ◽  
Layer Chromatography

Background: Chromatographic techniques such as TLC basically and, HPLC, GC, HPTLC equipped with various detectors are most frequently used for the qualitative and quantitative examination of herbals. Method: An overview of the recent literature concerning the usage of HPTLC for the analysis of medicinal plants has been reviewed. Results: During the last decade/s, HPTLC, a modern, sophisticated and automatized TLC technique with better and advanced separation efficiency, detection limit, data acquisition and processing, has been used for the analysis of herbal materials and preparations since the rapid development of technology in chromatography world. HPTLC with various detectors is a powerful analytical tool especially for the phytochemical applications such as herbal drug quantification and fingerprint analysis. Conclusion: In this review, a latest perspective has been established and some of the previous studies were summarized for the usage of HPTLC in the analysis of herbal remedies, dietary supplements and nutraceuticals.

scholarly journals Effect of Nanofiller Content on Dynamic Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube and Montmorillonite Nanoclay Filler Hybrid Shape Memory Epoxy Composites

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 700
Author(s):  
Muhamad Hasfanizam Mat Yazik ◽  
Mohamed Thariq Hameed Sultan ◽  
Mohammad Jawaid ◽  
Abd Rahim Abu Talib ◽  
Norkhairunnisa Mazlan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shape Memory ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Loss Modulus ◽  
Decomposition Temperature ◽  
Hybrid Nanocomposites ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Hybrid Filler ◽  
Dynamic Mechanical ◽  
Tan Δ

The aim of the present study has been to evaluate the effect of hybridization of montmorillonite (MMT) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) on the thermal and viscoelastic properties of shape memory epoxy polymer (SMEP) nanocomposites. In this study, ultra-sonication was utilized to disperse 1%, 3%, and 5% MMT in combination with 0.5%, 1%, and 1.5% MWCNT into the epoxy system. The fabricated SMEP hybrid nanocomposites were characterized via differential scanning calorimetry, dynamic mechanical analysis, and thermogravimetric analysis. The storage modulus (E’), loss modulus (E”), tan δ, decomposition temperature, and decomposition rate, varied upon the addition of the fillers. Tan δ indicated a reduction of glass transition temperature (Tg) for all the hybrid SMEP nanocomposites. 3% MMT/1% MWCNT displayed best overall performance compared to other hybrid filler concentrations and indicated a better mechanical property compared to neat SMEP. These findings open a way to develop novel high-performance composites for various potential applications, such as morphing structures and actuators, as well as biomedical devices.

scholarly journals A RF Redundant TSV Interconnection for High Resistance Si Interposer

Micromachines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 169
Author(s):  
Mengcheng Wang ◽  
Shenglin Ma ◽  
Yufeng Jin ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
Jing Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Millimeter Wave ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Coplanar Waveguide ◽  
Equivalent Circuit Model ◽  
High Resistivity ◽  
Performance Requirements ◽  
Wave Radar ◽  
Interconnect Design

Through Silicon Via (TSV) technology is capable meeting effective, compact, high density, high integration, and high-performance requirements. In high-frequency applications, with the rapid development of 5G and millimeter-wave radar, the TSV interposer will become a competitive choice for radio frequency system-in-package (RF SIP) substrates. This paper presents a redundant TSV interconnect design for high resistivity Si interposers for millimeter-wave applications. To verify its feasibility, a set of test structures capable of working at millimeter waves are designed, which are composed of three pieces of CPW (coplanar waveguide) lines connected by single TSV, dual redundant TSV, and quad redundant TSV interconnects. First, HFSS software is used for modeling and simulation, then, a modified equivalent circuit model is established to analysis the effect of the redundant TSVs on the high-frequency transmission performance to solidify the HFSS based simulation. At the same time, a failure simulation was carried out and results prove that redundant TSV can still work normally at 44 GHz frequency when failure occurs. Using the developed TSV process, the sample is then fabricated and tested. Using L-2L de-embedding method to extract S-parameters of the TSV interconnection. The insertion loss of dual and quad redundant TSVs are 0.19 dB and 0.46 dB at 40 GHz, respectively.

scholarly journals Water-Resistant Latex Coatings: Tuning of Properties by Polymerizable Surfactant, Covalent Crosslinking and Nanostructured ZnO Additive

Coatings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 347
Author(s):  
Jana Machotová ◽  
Andréa Kalendová ◽  
Denisa Steinerová ◽  
Petra Mácová ◽  
Stanislav Šlang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Water Resistance ◽  
High Water ◽  
Coating Performance ◽  
Polymerizable Surfactant ◽  
Ionic Crosslinking ◽  
Latex Coatings ◽  
Covalent Crosslinking ◽  
Coating Composition ◽  
Acrylic Latexes

This paper deals with the development of acrylic latexes providing high-performance water-resistant coatings. For this purpose, mutual effects of anionic surfactant type (ordinary and polymerizable), covalent intra- and/or interparticle crosslinking (introduced by allyl methacrylate copolymerization and keto-hydrazide reaction, respectively) and ionic crosslinking (provided by nanostructured ZnO additive) were investigated. The latexes were prepared by the standard emulsion polymerization of methyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate and methacrylic acid as the main monomers. The addition of surface-untreated powdered nanostructured ZnO was performed during latex synthesis, resulting in stable latexes comprising dispersed nanosized additive in the content of ca 0.9-1.0 wt.% (based on solids). The coating performance with emphasis on water resistance was evaluated. It was determined that the application of the polymerizable surfactant improved coating adhesion and water-resistance, but it wasn′t able to ensure high water-resistance of coatings. Highly water-resistant coatings were obtained provided that covalent intra- and interparticle crosslinking together with ionic crosslinking were employed in the coating composition, forming densely crosslinked latex films. Moreover, coatings comprising nanostructured ZnO additive displayed a significant antibacterial activity and improved solvent resistance.

(K0.5Na0.5)NbO3:Eu3+/Bi3+: a novel, highly efficient, red light-emitting material with superior water resistance behavior

RSC Advances ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 4707-4715 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiwei Zhang ◽  
Haiqin Sun ◽  
Tao Kuang ◽  
Ruiguang Xing ◽  
Xihong Hao
Keyword(s):  
Blue Light ◽  
White Light ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Water Resistance ◽  
Light Emitting Diodes ◽  
Red Light ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Highly Efficient ◽  
White Light Emitting Diodes

Materials emitting red light (∼611 nm) under excitation with blue light (440–470 nm) are highly desired for fabricating high-performance white light-emitting diodes (LEDs).

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