scholarly journals Tagging QTLs for late blight resistance and plant maturity from diploid wild relatives in a cultivated potato (Solanum tuberosum) background

2007 ◽  
Vol 115 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Śliwka ◽  
H. Jakuczun ◽  
R. Lebecka ◽  
W. Marczewski ◽  
C. Gebhardt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Late Blight ◽  
Late Blight Resistance ◽  
Wild Relatives ◽  
Blight Resistance ◽  
Cultivated Potato ◽  
Plant Maturity

scholarly journals Higher Copy Numbers of the Potato RB Transgene Correspond to Enhanced Transcript and Late Blight Resistance Levels

2009 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 437-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
James M. Bradeen ◽  
Massimo Iorizzo ◽  
Dimitre S. Mollov ◽  
John Raasch ◽  
Lara Colton Kramer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Late Blight ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Rna Silencing ◽  
Late Blight Resistance ◽  
Blight Resistance ◽  
Transcript Levels ◽  
Cultivated Potato ◽  
Copy Numbers

Late blight of potato ranks among the costliest of crop diseases worldwide. Host resistance offers the best means for controlling late blight, but previously deployed single resistance genes have been short-lived in their effectiveness. The foliar blight resistance gene RB, previously cloned from the wild potato Solanum bulbocastanum, has proven effective in greenhouse tests of transgenic cultivated potato. In this study, we examined the effects of the RB transgene on foliar late blight resistance in transgenic cultivated potato under field production conditions. In a two-year replicated trial, the RB transgene, under the control of its endogenous promoter, provided effective disease resistance in various genetic backgrounds, including commercially prominent potato cultivars, without fungicides. RB copy numbers and transcript levels were estimated with transgene-specific assays. Disease resistance was enhanced as copy numbers and transcript levels increased. The RB gene, like many other disease resistance genes, is constitutively transcribed at low levels. Transgenic potato lines with an estimated 15 copies of the RB transgene maintain high RB transcript levels and were ranked among the most resistant of 57 lines tested. We conclude that even in these ultra–high copy number lines, innate RNA silencing mechanisms have not been fully activated. Our findings suggest resistance-gene transcript levels may have to surpass a threshold before triggering RNA silencing. Strategies for the deployment of RB are discussed in light of the current research.

scholarly journals Tagging Quantitative Trait Loci for Maturity-Corrected Late Blight Resistance in Tetraploid Potato with PCR-Based Candidate Gene Markers

2004 ◽  
Vol 17 (10) ◽  
pp. 1126-1138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Angelika Bormann ◽  
Andreas Marcus Rickert ◽  
Rosa Angela Castillo Ruiz ◽  
Jürgen Paal ◽  
Jens Lübeck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Trait Loci ◽  
Late Blight ◽  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Quantitative Trait ◽  
Quantitative Resistance ◽  
Late Blight Resistance ◽  
Blight Resistance ◽  
Resistance Qtl ◽  
Tetraploid Potato ◽  
Plant Maturity

Late blight caused by the oomycete Phytophthora infestans is the economically most important and destructive disease in potato cultivation. Quantitative resistance to late blight available in tetraploid cultivars is correlated with late maturity in temperate climates, which is an undesirable characteristic. A total of 30 DNA-based markers known to be linked to loci for pathogen resistance in diploid potato were selected and tested as polymerase chain reaction-based markers for linkage with quantitative trait loci (QTL) for late blight resistance and plant maturity in two half-sib families of tetraploid potatoes. Most markers originated from within or were physically closely linked to candidate genes for quantitative resistance factors. The families were repeatedly evaluated in the field for quantitative resistance to late blight and maturity. Resistance was corrected for the maturity effect. Nine of eleven different map segments tagged by the markers harbored QTL affecting maturity-corrected resistance. Interactions were found between unlinked resistance QTL, providing testable strategies for marker-assisted selection in tetraploid potato. Based on the linkage observed between QTL for resistance and plant maturity and based on the genetic interactions observed between candidate genes tagging resistance QTL, we discuss models for the molecular basis of quantitative resistance and maturity.

scholarly journals Insertion of Badnaviral DNA in the Late Blight Resistance Gene (R1a) of Brinjal Eggplant (Solanum melongena)

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saad Serfraz ◽  
Vikas Sharma ◽  
Florian Maumus ◽  
Xavier Aubriot ◽  
Andrew D. W. Geering ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Late Blight ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Algal Species ◽  
Solanum Melongena ◽  
Late Blight Resistance ◽  
Wild Relatives ◽  
Blight Resistance ◽  
Plant Genomes ◽  
Endogenous Viral Elements

Endogenous viral elements (EVEs) are widespread in plant genomes. They result from the random integration of viral sequences into host plant genomes by horizontal DNA transfer and have the potential to alter host gene expression. We performed a large-scale search for co-transcripts including caulimovirid and plant sequences in 1,678 plant and 230 algal species and characterized 50 co-transcripts in 45 distinct plant species belonging to lycophytes, ferns, gymnosperms and angiosperms. We found that insertion of badnavirus EVEs along with Ty-1 copia mobile elements occurred into a late blight resistance gene (R1) of brinjal eggplant (Solanum melongena) and wild relatives in genus Solanum and disrupted R1 orthologs. EVEs of two previously unreported badnaviruses were identified in the genome of S. melongena, whereas EVEs from an additional novel badnavirus were identified in the genome of S. aethiopicum, the cultivated scarlet eggplant. Insertion of these viruses in the ancestral lineages of the direct wild relatives of the eggplant would have occurred during the last 3 Myr, further supporting the distinctiveness of the group of the eggplant within the giant genus Solanum.

scholarly journals Testing Taxonomic Predictivity of Foliar and Tuber Resistance to Phytophthora infestans in Wild Relatives of Potato

2015 ◽  
Vol 105 (9) ◽  
pp. 1198-1205 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Khiutti ◽  
D. M. Spooner ◽  
S. H. Jansky ◽  
D. A. Halterman
Keyword(s):  
Late Blight ◽  
Phytophthora Infestans ◽  
Breeding System ◽  
Host Resistance ◽  
Late Blight Resistance ◽  
Wild Relatives ◽  
Blight Resistance ◽  
Tuber Resistance ◽  
Solanum Spp ◽  
Wild Solanum

Potato late blight, caused by the oomycete phytopathogen Phytophthora infestans, is a devastating disease found in potato-growing regions worldwide. Long-term management strategies to control late blight include the incorporation of host resistance to predominant strains. However, due to rapid genetic changes within pathogen populations, rapid and recurring identification and integration of novel host resistance traits is necessary. Wild relatives of potato offer a rich source of desirable traits, including late blight resistance, but screening methods can be time intensive. We tested the ability of taxonomy, ploidy, crossing group, breeding system, and geography to predict the presence of foliar and tuber late blight resistance in wild Solanum spp. Significant variation for resistance to both tuber and foliar late blight was found within and among species but there was no discernable predictive power based on taxonomic series, clade, ploidy, breeding system, elevation, or geographic location. We observed a moderate but significant correlation between tuber and foliar resistance within species. Although previously uncharacterized sources of both foliar and tuber resistance were identified, our study does not support an assumption that taxonomic or geographic data can be used to predict sources of late blight resistance in wild Solanum spp.

scholarly journals (2) A Unique Late-blight Resistance Locus from Solanum pinnatisectum

HortScience ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 998B-998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica J. Norby ◽  
Michael J. Havey
Keyword(s):  
Late Blight ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Late Blight Resistance ◽  
Potato Production ◽  
Avirulence Gene ◽  
Blight Resistance ◽  
Endosperm Balance Number ◽  
Resistance Locus ◽  
Cultivated Potato ◽  
The Relationship

Phytophthorainfestans is the casual agent of late blight and is a major threat to potato production worldwide. There are no curative control agents available and resistance genes offer promise in controlling late blight. To date, the primary source of late-blight resistance has been from hexaploid (6x) [4 Endosperm Balance Number (EBN)] Solanum demissum. Mexican diploid (2x) (1EBN) Solanum species possess a wealth of late-blight resistances, but have been neglected due to crossing barriers. Manipulation of EBN and ploidies should allow integration of 2x (1EBN) germplasm into cultivated potato. Synteny between late-blight resistance loci from Solanum species of disparate ploidies and EBNs may facilitate the identification of unique resistance alleles and loci. Isolate MSU96 (US8/A2) of P. infestans revealed a late-blight resistance locus (Rpi1) from 2x(1EBN) S. pinnatisectum (PI 253214) that mapped to chromosome seven (MGG 265:977-985). MSU96 was also avirulent on the late-blight differential R9-Hodgson 2573 (LB3), revealing the presence of the avirulence gene for R9 originating from S. demissum. To test the relationship between Rpi1 and R9, we evaluated a family segregating for R9 and revealed that it does not map to chromosome seven. The independent inheritance of R9 and Rpi1 indicates that Rpi1 is a unique resistance locus. We are conducting a variety of crossing schemes to introgress Rpi1 into cultivated potato.

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