scholarly journals Mycotoxin Detection in Urine Samples from Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease of Uncertain Etiology in Sri Lanka

2011 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Biruck Desalegn ◽  
Shanika Nanayakkara ◽  
Kouji H. Harada ◽  
Toshiaki Hitomi ◽  
Rohana Chandrajith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Uncertain Etiology

scholarly journals Quality of Life and Symptom Burden among Chronic Kidney Disease of Uncertain Etiology (CKDu) Patients in Girandurukotte, Sri Lanka

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (11) ◽  
pp. 4041 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hansani Madushika Abeywickrama ◽  
Swarna Wimalasiri ◽  
Yu Koyama ◽  
Mieko Uchiyama ◽  
Utako Shimizu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Symptom Burden ◽  
Symptom Index ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Uncertain Etiology

Symptom burden and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) are important predictors of how a disease affects patients’ lives, especially for endemic health problems such as chronic kidney disease of uncertain etiology (CKDu). Our study describes symptom burden, HRQOL, and associated demographic and clinical variables in CKDu patients in the Girandurukotte area, Sri Lanka. A cross-sectional study included 120 CKDu patients attending the renal clinic in the endemic area. The instruments applied were the Kidney Disease Quality of Life—Short Form (KDQOL-SFTM) version 1.3 and CKD Symptom Index—Sri Lanka. Socio-demographic, disease-related, and anthropometric variables were also investigated. The mean age of patients was 61.87 (SD 11.31), while 69.2% were male. The mean glomerular filtration rate was 28.17 (SD 14.03) mL/min/1.73 min2, and 70.8% were anemic. Bone/joint pain was the most experienced symptom while the median number of symptoms reported by patients was 5 (IQR 3–7). The mean symptom burden, physical component summary, mental component summary, and kidney-disease-specific component scores were 12.71 (SD 10.45), 68.63 (SD 19.58), 78.53 (SD 18.78), and 81.57 (SD 5.86), respectively. Age was found to be a significant predictor of HRQOL, while hemoglobin level and being a farmer were significant predictors of symptom burden. Our data indicate that CKDu patients in all stages experience at least one symptom affecting all aspects of HRQOL.

scholarly journals Rainwater as an alternative drinking water source for the Chronic Kidney Disease Of Uncertain etiology (CKDu) prone areas: a case study for Girandurukotte, Sri Lanka

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 539-548
Author(s):  
V. M. Jayasooriya ◽  
V. M. M. Perera ◽  
S. Muthukumaran
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Drinking Water Source ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Uncertain Etiology

Abstract Chronic Kidney Disease of uncertain etiology (CKDu) is a fatal disease that causes death from kidney failure due to unknown risk factors and has already affected more than 400,000 people in the rural agricultural landscape (dry zone) of Sri Lanka. The major drinking source in Sri Lanka is groundwater and it is suspected that the pollution of groundwater sources due to agricultural means has a major impact on CKDu. The primary objective of this study is to determine whether rainwater can be used as an alternative safe drinking water source in Girandurukotte area, Sri Lanka, which is known to be an area endemic for CKDu. The physical, chemical, and biological analyses were performed to compare the water quality parameters of three water sources (groundwater, surface water, and rainwater) for Girandurukotte area. The most common storage tanks in polyethylene (PE) and ferrocement (FC) were compared to assess the influence of the material of rainwater tank on water quality. The results showed that there is a significant difference in rainwater in terms of water quality compared to groundwater and surface water. Rainwater in FC and PE tanks showed significant differences (p < 0.05) for some parameters however, they were still within accepted potable drinking water standards.

scholarly journals Association of Hantavirus Infections and Leptospirosis With the Occurrence of Chronic Kidney Disease of Uncertain Etiology in the North Central Province of Sri Lanka: A Prospective Study With Patients and Healthy Persons

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. P. Sunil-Chandra ◽  
J. A. A. S. Jayaweera ◽  
W. Kumbukgolla ◽  
M. V. M. L. Jayasundara
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Hantavirus Infection ◽  
Strain Specificity ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Uncertain Etiology

Chronic Kidney disease of uncertain etiology (CKDu) has become a significant disease burden, affecting farming community of Sri Lanka and the exact etiology, which could be multifactorial, is not hitherto established. This study is aimed to determine the association of past hantavirus infection and leptospirosis with the occurrence of CKDu. A cohort (n = 179) of known CKDu patients living in high-CKDu prevalent areas of Anuradhapura district of Sri Lanka was compared with a group of 49 healthy, sex-matched younger blood relatives of CKDu patients (control-1) and another 48 healthy, age, and sex-matched individuals living in low-CKDu prevalent area (control-2) of the same district where same life style and climate conditions prevail. Fifty out of 179 (27.9%) CKDu patients, 16/49 (32.7%) of control-1 and 7/48 (14.6%) of control-2 were found positive for IgG antibodies to Puumala, Hantaan or both strains of hantaviruses. Hantaan strain specificity was found to be predominant in all study groups. Hantavirus IgG sero-prevalence of healthy individuals living in low-CKDu prevalent area was significantly lower compared to CKDu patients and healthy younger blood relatives living in high-CKDu prevalent areas (p = 0.03). Past hantavirus infection possesses a significant risk for the occurrence of CKDu (OR = 4.5; 95% CI-3.1-5.4, p = 0.02). In contrast, IgG seroprevalence to hantaviruses was not significantly different in CKDu patients and healthy younger blood relatives living in high-CKDu prevalent areas indicating past hantavirus infection has no association with the occurrence of CKDu or possibly, younger relatives may develop CKDu in subsequent years. Seroprevalence to leptospirosis showed no significant difference between CKDu patients and healthy controls.

scholarly journals Arsenic, cadmium, lead, and chromium in well water, rice, and human urine in Sri Lanka in relation to chronic kidney disease of unknown etiology

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 212-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. M. Ayala S. Herath ◽  
Tomonori Kawakami ◽  
Shiori Nagasawa ◽  
Yuka Serikawa ◽  
Ayuri Motoyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Human Urine ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Well Water ◽  
Rice Samples ◽  
Endemic Areas ◽  
Cadmium Lead

Abstract Chronic kidney disease of unknown etiology (CKDu) is spreading gradually in Sri Lanka. In the current research, 1,435 well water samples from all 25 districts of Sri Lanka, 91 rice samples, and 84 human urine samples from both CKDu-endemic and non-endemic areas in Sri Lanka were analyzed for arsenic, cadmium, lead, and chromium to detect whether toxic elements could be a cause of CKDu. The liver-type fatty acid binding protein (L-FABP) concentration and arsenic, cadmium, lead, and chromium concentrations of the urine samples were analyzed to determine the relation of L-FABP with arsenic, cadmium, lead, and chromium. High concentrations of arsenic, cadmium, lead, and chromium were not detected in the well water samples from CKDu-endemic areas. Arsenic, cadmium, and lead contents in the rice samples from both CKDu-endemic and non-endemic areas were well below the Codex standard. There were no relationships between the L-FABP concentration and concentrations of arsenic, cadmium, lead, and chromium in urine. In addition, arsenic, cadmium, lead, and chromium concentrations in human urine samples from CKDu-endemic areas were not significantly different from those from non-endemic areas. These findings indicated that arsenic, cadmium, lead, and chromium could not cause CKDu.

Systematic evaluation of exposure to trace elements and minerals in patients with chronic kidney disease of uncertain etiology (CKDu) in Sri Lanka

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 206-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shanika Nanayakkara ◽  
S.T.M.L.D. Senevirathna ◽  
Kouji H. Harada ◽  
Rohana Chandrajith ◽  
Toshiaki Hitomi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Trace Elements ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Systematic Evaluation ◽  
Uncertain Etiology

scholarly journals Risk factors associated with disease progression and mortality in chronic kidney disease of uncertain etiology: a cohort study in Medawachchiya, Sri Lanka

2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 191-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lalantha Senevirathna ◽  
Tilak Abeysekera ◽  
Shanika Nanayakkara ◽  
Rohana Chandrajith ◽  
Neelakanthi Ratnatunga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Disease Progression ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Uncertain Etiology

scholarly journals Mortality pattern of chronic kidney disease of uncertain etiology in Girandurukotte, Sri Lanka

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 293
Author(s):  
T. W. Hettiarachchi ◽  
M. A. A. Nayanamali ◽  
T. Sudeshika ◽  
W. B. N. T. Fernando ◽  
Z. Badurdeen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Mortality Pattern ◽  
Uncertain Etiology

scholarly journals Epidemiology of Chronic Kidney Disease, With Special Emphasis on Chronic Kidney Disease of Uncertain Etiology, in the North Central Region of Sri Lanka

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 275-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kithsiri Bandara Jayasekara ◽  
Dhammika Menike Dissanayake ◽  
Ramiah Sivakanesan ◽  
Asanga Ranasinghe ◽  
Ranawaka Hewage Karunarathna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Central Region ◽  
North Central Region ◽  
North Central ◽  
The North ◽  
Uncertain Etiology
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