Background: Colorectal cancer is the third most common neoplasm in Mexico, rectal cancer is the 16th most
common neoplasm [1]. Due to the different behavior and prognostic factors of locally advance disease,
manage should be tailored by a multidisciplinary approach. In tumors that rise in the upper third rectum
cancer scenario there are no studies comparing the oncological results of multimodal treatment vs surgery
alone.
Objective: To compare the disease-free survival in patients with upper third rectal cancer treated with surgery
alone vs multimodal treatment.
Material and Methods: We conducted a descriptive, retrospective, longitudinal study using an historical
cohort. Analysis was based from the information in patient`s records from diagnosed with cancer of the upper
third rectum from 2011 to 2016. All patients with diagnosis of upper third rectum cancer were set in to two
groups according to the treatment modality recited: Surgery alone and neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The
records of patients diagnosed with cancer of the upper third rectum were reviewed and divided into two
groups: with and without neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy, both treated with surgery.
Results: A total of 64 patient`s record were eligible, 48 of them were treated with surgery alone and 16 with
a multimodal approach. The mean age was 65.5 years in those treated with surgery and 69 in the multimodal
management group. The most frequent procedure was anterior resection, 45 cases (70.3%) in the group treated
with surgery and 12 cases (18.7%) in the multimodal group. A case of complete pathological response was
reported after a follow up of two years.
Conclusion: The data suggests that there are no statistically significant differences in the local recurrence
and disease-free survival with the use of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy.
Response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced rectum cancer: Texture analysis of dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI
