Kawasaki disease in Spanish paediatric population and synoptic weather types: an observational study

BACKGROUND Abdominal pain is a common disorder in children and adolescents worldwide with prevalence rate ranging from 20 - 25 % in school-going children in India. It is a frustrating concern to the child, parents and the physician. Even though abdominal pain is one of the most common complaints in children, it poses a diagnostic challenge owing to the variety of underlying causes. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the aetiology of abdominal pain associated with significant mesenteric lymphadenopathy in a paediatric population. METHODS This is a hospital based prospective, observational study done in Department of Paediatrics, Malla Reddy Institute of Medical Sciences (MRIMS), Hyderabad. RESULTS Out of the 65 children studied, 30.8 % were of 5 - 8 years age group, 36.9 % were 9 - 12 years age group and 32.3 % were 13 - 15 years age group. In our study, we found 50.8 % were boys and 49.2 % were girls. 20 % of them were having fever, 16.9 % were having cough, 16.9 % were having diarrhoea, 13.8 % were having sore throat, 16.9 % dysuria, and 15.4 % were having constipation. All patients in our study group underwent ultrasound of abdomen. All cases were having significant mesenteric lymphadenopathy (more than 5 mm in short axis with three or more number of lymph nodes). In 53.8 % cases, etiological agent for the mesenteric lymphadenopathy was not proved with our investigations. In the remaining 46.2 % of children, cause of mesenteric lymphadenopathy was proved and 38.5 % were bacterial infections, 6.2 % were viral infections and 1.5 % were parasitic infections. CONCLUSIONS It is important to recognise mesenteric lymphadenitis as a clinical entity in paediatric cases presenting with abdominal pain. They should be evaluated for an etiological agent and if no proven source of infection and etiological agent is found, it can be considered as functional abdominal pain. If we are able to get a proper etiological diagnosis in these cases, we could treat them and we could make huge difference in terms of quality of life. KEYWORDS Abdominal Pain, Mesenteric Lymphadenitis, Ultrasound, Significant Mesenteric Lymphadenopathy

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A 17-year Record of Meteorological Observations Across the Gran Campo Nevado Ice Cap in Southern Patagonia, Chile, Related to Synoptic Weather Types and Climate Modes

Frontiers in Earth Science ◽

10.3389/feart.2018.00053 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Stephanie S. Weidemann ◽

Tobias Sauter ◽

Rolf Kilian ◽

David Steger ◽

Nicolas Butorovic ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Weather Types ◽

Climate Modes ◽

Ice Cap ◽

Synoptic Weather ◽

Southern Patagonia ◽

Meteorological Observations

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Review for ‘Quantifying the impact of synoptic weather types and patterns on energy fluxes of a marginal snowpack’, Schwatz et al. 2020

10.5194/tc-2020-43-rc2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Anonymous

Keyword(s):

Energy Fluxes ◽

Weather Types ◽

Synoptic Weather ◽

The Impact

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Short-Term Associations of Fine Particulate Matter and Synoptic Weather Types with Cardiovascular Mortality: An Ecological Time-Series Study in Shanghai, China

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17031111 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (3) ◽

pp. 1111 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Qing Tian ◽

Mei Li ◽

Scott Montgomery ◽

Bo Fang ◽

Chunfang Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Particulate Matter ◽

Cardiovascular Mortality ◽

Fine Particulate Matter ◽

Weather Conditions ◽

Cold Weather ◽

Short Term ◽

Weather Types ◽

Synoptic Weather ◽

Fine Particulate ◽

Pm2.5 Concentration

Background: Exposures to both ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and extreme weather conditions have been associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) deaths in numerous epidemiologic studies. However, evidence on the associations with CVD deaths for interaction effects between PM2.5 and weather conditions is still limited. This study aimed to investigate associations of exposures to PM2.5 and weather conditions with cardiovascular mortality, and further to investigate the synergistic or antagonistic effects of ambient air pollutants and synoptic weather types (SWTs). Methods: Information on daily CVD deaths, air pollution, and meteorological conditions between 1 January 2012 and 31 December 2014 was obtained in Shanghai, China. Generalized additive models were used to assess the associations of daily PM2.5 concentrations and meteorological factors with CVD deaths. A 15-day lag analysis was conducted using a polynomial distributed lag model to access the lag patterns for associations with PM2.5. Results: During the study period, the total number of CVD deaths in Shanghai was 59,486, with a daily mean of 54.3 deaths. The average daily PM2.5 concentration was 55.0 µg/m3. Each 10 µg/m3 increase in PM2.5 concentration was associated with a 1.26% (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.40%, 2.12%) increase in CVD mortality. No SWT was statistically significantly associated with CVD deaths. For the interaction between PM2.5 and SWT, statistically significant interactions were found between PM2.5 and cold weather, with risk for PM2.5 in cold dry SWT decreasing by 1.47% (95% CI: 0.54%, 2.39%), and in cold humid SWT the risk decreased by 1.45% (95% CI: 0.52%, 2.36%). In the lag effect analysis, statistically significant positive associations were found for PM2.5 in the 1–3 lag days, while no statistically significant effects were found for other lag day periods. Conclusions: Exposure to PM2.5 was associated with short-term increased risk of cardiovascular deaths with some lag effects, while the cold weather may have an antagonistic effect with PM2.5. However, the ecological study design limited the possibility to identify a causal relationship, so prospective studies with individual level data are warranted.

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The response of urban canyon energy budgets to variable synoptic weather types— A simulation approach

Atmospheric Environment Part B Urban Atmosphere ◽

10.1016/0957-1272(90)90007-h ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 24 (1) ◽

pp. 35-42 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Paul E. Todhunter ◽

Werner H. Terjung

Keyword(s):

Urban Canyon ◽

Energy Budgets ◽

Simulation Approach ◽

Weather Types ◽

Synoptic Weather

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Understanding the characteristics of recurrent visits to the emergency department by paediatric patients: a retrospective observational study conducted at three tertiary hospitals in Korea

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2017-018208 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. e018208 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Byung-Soo Kim ◽

Jung-Youn Kim ◽

Sung-Hyuk Choi ◽

Young-Hoon Yoon

Keyword(s):

Emergency Department ◽

Observational Study ◽

Medical Condition ◽

Paediatric Population ◽

Retrospective Observational Study ◽

Main Diagnosis ◽

Paediatric Patients ◽

Common Diagnosis ◽

The Usa ◽

Ed Visits

ObjectivesThe number of paediatric patients visiting the emergency department (ED) continues to rise. In South Korea, approximately 25% of the patients who visit the ED are paediatric patients. In the USA, about 20% of the paediatric population were found to have visited the ED in the past year. A recent study demonstrated that 4.5%–8% of patients account for 25% of all ED visits. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify the characteristics of recurrent visits.MethodsDesign: retrospective observational study. Setting: this study examined and analysed medical record data involving three tertiary EDs. Participants: a total of 46 237 ED visits by patients <16 years during 1-year period. Main outcome measures: data collected included the number of recurrent ED patients, frequency of recurrent visits, age, sex, insurance status, period until recurrent visit (days), main diagnosis and ED discharge results.ResultsExcluding patients with multiple visits, the total number of paediatric patients who fit the study criteria was 33 765. Among these patients, 23 384 (69.2%) had no recurrent ED visits in the subsequent year after their first visit. A total of 15 849 (46.8%) patients were toddlers (between age 1 and 4 years). In the patient group without a recurrent visit, fever was the most common diagnosis.ConclusionsOur study reviewed medical records to inspect the characteristics of patients who return to care. Higher recurrent visit frequency was associated with using the 119 rescue centre service, having a medical condition, with younger age and a higher rate of hospitalisation. Analysis of the factors associated with frequent ED visits will help to improve care for paediatric patients who visit the ED.

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The Relation Between Cloudiness over the Greenland Icecap and Synoptic Weather Types 1 2

Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society ◽

10.1175/1520-0477-41.2.68 ◽

1960 ◽

Vol 41 (2) ◽

pp. 68-78

Author(s):

Clarence A. Carpenter

Keyword(s):

Cross Section ◽

Cross Sections ◽

Grid Point ◽

Summer Season ◽

Weather Data ◽

Weather Types ◽

Synoptic Weather ◽

System Type

This paper is a summary of cloudiness over the Greenland icecap route from Sondrestrom Air Base, approximately 67N–51W, to Angmagssalik, approximately 65.5N–37.5W. Four types of synoptic systems were chosen and cloudiness summarized by types both annually and for the summer season. Total cloudiness annually and for the summer season without regard to synoptic types is also presented. Data for this paper consisted of 511 flight cross sections made by Scandinavian Airlines System flight crews in scheduled air service over the icecap route. It is presented in the form of a cross-section grid with isopleths showing the percentage of time cloudiness was observed at each grid point. These cross sections are of particular value in that they are the first source of systematic, observed weather data over this area. An attempt is made to explain icecap cloud distribution by correlation with system type in order to provide a practical forecasting aid for the Greenland air-route forecasters.

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