Dietary lipid quality and mitochondrial membrane composition in trout: responses of membrane enzymes and oxidative capacities

2012 ◽  
Vol 183 (3) ◽  
pp. 393-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Martin ◽  
D. P. Bureau ◽  
Y. Marty ◽  
E. Kraffe ◽  
H. Guderley
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Membrane ◽  
Dietary Lipid ◽  
Membrane Composition ◽  
Membrane Enzymes ◽  
Lipid Quality

scholarly journals Rat liver mitochondrial membrane characteristics and mitochondrial functions are more profoundly altered by dietary lipid quantity than by dietary lipid quality: effect of different nutritional lipid patterns

2011 ◽  
Vol 107 (5) ◽  
pp. 647-659 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manar Aoun ◽  
Christine Feillet-Coudray ◽  
Gilles Fouret ◽  
Béatrice Chabi ◽  
David Crouzier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fish Oil ◽  
Rat Liver ◽  
Mitochondrial Membrane ◽  
Dietary Lipid ◽  
Dietary Lipids ◽  
Complex Iii ◽  
Lipid Quality ◽  
Mitochondrial Functions ◽  
Fish Oil Diet ◽  
Lard Diet

Dietary lipids are known to affect the composition of the biological membrane and functions that are involved in cell death and survival. The mitochondrial respiratory chain enzymes are membrane protein complexes whose function depends on the composition and fluidity of the mitochondrial membrane lipid. The present study aimed at investigating the impact of different nutritional patterns of dietary lipids on liver mitochondrial functions. A total of forty-eight Wistar male rats were divided into six groups and fed for 12 weeks with a basal diet, lard diet or fish oil diet, containing either 50 or 300 g lipid/kg. The 30 % lipid intake increased liver NEFA, TAG and cholesterol levels, increased mitochondrial NEFA and TAG, and decreased phospholipid (PL) levels. SFA, PUFA and unsaturation index (UI) increased, whereas MUFA andtrans-fatty acids (FA) decreased in the mitochondrial membrane PL in 30 % fat diet-fed rats compared with 5 % lipid diet-fed rats. PL UI increased with fish oil dietv.basal and lard-rich diets, and PLtrans-FA increased with lard dietv.basal and fish oil diets. The 30 % lipid diet intake increased mitochondrial membrane potential, membrane fluidity, mitochondrial respiration and complex V activity, and decreased complex III and IV activities. With regard to lipid quality effects, β-oxidation decreased with the intake of basal or fish oil diets compared with that of the lard diet. The intake of a fish oil diet decreased complex III and IV activities compared with both the basal and lard diets. In conclusion, the characteristics and mitochondrial functions of the rat liver mitochondrial membrane are more profoundly altered by the quantity of dietary lipid than by its quality, which may have profound impacts on the pathogenesis and development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

Dietary n−3 PUFA alter colonocyte mitochondrial membrane composition and function

Lipids ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert S. Chapkin ◽  
Mee Young Hong ◽  
Yang-Yi Fan ◽  
Laurie A. Davidson ◽  
Lisa M. Sanders ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Membrane ◽  
Membrane Composition ◽  
And Function

scholarly journals Nutritional programming in early life: the role of dietary lipid quality for future health

OCL ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eline M. van der Beek ◽  
Annemarie Oosting
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Infant Nutrition ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Dietary Lipid ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Dietary Lipids ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Lipid Quality

Worldwide, overweight and obesity have increased dramatically, not only in high income countries. Clearly, unhealthy diets and sedentary lifestyle are important drivers of the increased obesity rates, but increasing evidence indicates that the vulnerability for later life non-communicable diseases is set during the first 1000 days, the period from conception until 2 years of age. The growth during this period is faster than during any other period in life. Dietary fats provide energy for growth, but also supply essential fatty acid (FA) precursors for long chain polyunsaturated FA that are building blocks and signals for adipose tissue development. Both epidemiological and experimental data support the notion that specific improvements in dietary fat quality, e.g. specific changes in the fatty acid composition as well as the structural organization of dietary lipids, may reduce the risk of obesity and other adverse outcomes in later life, but clinical evidence is limited and largely inconclusive. We anticipate that effects of such relatively small improvements in nutrient quality may be difficult to measure on the short term and have limited impact in healthy children. However, for children that already experience challenging conditions in the womb and have a higher risk profile based on deviations in birthweight and postnatal growth, the potential protective effects of improved dietary lipid quality in early life could be more substantial. Results from randomized clinical studies testing improved lipid quality concepts will help to develop specific strategies to adapt infant nutrition based on the need with the aim to improve long term outcomes.

Role of diet fat in subcellular structure and function

1985 ◽  
Vol 63 (5) ◽  
pp. 546-556 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. T. Clandinin ◽  
C. J. Field ◽  
K. Hargreaves ◽  
L. Morson ◽  
E. Zsigmond
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Cardiac Tissue ◽  
Dietary Lipid ◽  
Head Group ◽  
Polar Head Group ◽  
Mitochondrial Atpase ◽  
Membrane Composition ◽  
Lipid Environment ◽  
And Function

Current concepts of the biomembrane will be extrapolated to membranes of homeotherms to illustrate the influence of the nature of dietary lipid in nutritionally complete diets on membrane polar head group content and fatty acid composition. Utilizing animal models, the controlling influence of dietary long chain fatty acids on major lipid constituents of the mitochondrial membrane in cardiac tissue, the plasma membrane of liver, and the synaptosomal membrane in brain can be demonstrated. Diet-induced alterations in membrane composition arc associated with demonstrable changes in the function of specific membrane proteins. To illustrate this relationship, the effect of diet on mitochondrial ATPase activity and on a hormone receptor-stimulated function in the plasma membrane of the liver will be discussed. These observations suggest that the diet fat modulates enzyme functions in vivo by changing the surrounding lipid environment in the membrane.

scholarly journals Dietary Fat and Energy Content of Steeped, Germinated and Unprocessed Maize Grains Meant For Complementary Feeding In Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Ilesanmi Adeyeye ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Complementary Feeding ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Dietary Lipid ◽  
Total Energy Density ◽  
Biochemical Processes ◽  
Lipid Quality ◽  
Maize Sample ◽  
High Level

Household technologies such as fermentation, soaking, roasting and malting are traditionally used in many societies with the assumption that they can contribute to improving the safety and quality of complementary foods. To observe the dietary lipid quality, unprocessed, steeped and germinated maize grains were used to evaluate their effect on the enhancement of fatty acids, phospholipids and phytosterols. Maize samples were denoted as B1 (unprocessed) B2 (sprouted) and B3 (steeped) maize. In crude fat, B2 was enhanced by 0.47g/100g (9.23%). Calculated fatty acids had values (g/100g) of:B1(3.66)<B2(4.00)> B3(3.63). Highest levels of these fatty acids were observed as follows: SFA(B2, 27.2%), MUFA(B1,34.7%) and PUFA(B1,47.0%); but B3 was more concentrated in MUFA and PUFA than B2 but less than B1.Both oleic and linoleic fatty acids slightly increased during steeping stage of malting but later declined during germination phase particularly oleic acid. Total energy density (kcal/100g) concentration in the samples with the percentage linoleic acid had these values: B1(32.9, 43.7%), B2(36.0, 37.2%) and B3(32.7, 41.9%). Total phytosterol (mg/100g) values were low: B1(52.3), B2(43.7) and B3(45.1) with sitosterol predominating in all: 33.5 > 28.8 < 29.6 respectively. In phospholipids, values were generally higher than the phytosterols as we have total values (mg/100g) of: B1(74.4); B2(71.3) and B3(62.0) with phosphatidylinositol predominating in all samples: 25.5 > 25.1 > 22.4 respectively. Raw maize sample had highest concentration of phospholipids, phytosterols, MUFA and PUFA. The declines in B2 and B3 in the above parameters suggested that lipids were used for biochemical processes. However, B3 was better concentrated than B2 in phytosterols, MUFA, PUFA, linoleic and oleic acids. This showed germination reduced fat content due to hydrolysis and utilization of fat as an energy source in germination. Observations had depicted the contribution of maize to presence of high level phosphatidylinositol and sitosterol to the infant. It also contributed to information on discrepancies on the effect of fermentation/ germination on cereal lipids in literature. Either steeped or sprouted maize is good as complementary food.

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