scholarly journals Rat liver mitochondrial membrane characteristics and mitochondrial functions are more profoundly altered by dietary lipid quantity than by dietary lipid quality: effect of different nutritional lipid patterns

2011 ◽  
Vol 107 (5) ◽  
pp. 647-659 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manar Aoun ◽  
Christine Feillet-Coudray ◽  
Gilles Fouret ◽  
Béatrice Chabi ◽  
David Crouzier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fish Oil ◽  
Rat Liver ◽  
Mitochondrial Membrane ◽  
Dietary Lipid ◽  
Dietary Lipids ◽  
Complex Iii ◽  
Lipid Quality ◽  
Mitochondrial Functions ◽  
Fish Oil Diet ◽  
Lard Diet

Dietary lipids are known to affect the composition of the biological membrane and functions that are involved in cell death and survival. The mitochondrial respiratory chain enzymes are membrane protein complexes whose function depends on the composition and fluidity of the mitochondrial membrane lipid. The present study aimed at investigating the impact of different nutritional patterns of dietary lipids on liver mitochondrial functions. A total of forty-eight Wistar male rats were divided into six groups and fed for 12 weeks with a basal diet, lard diet or fish oil diet, containing either 50 or 300 g lipid/kg. The 30 % lipid intake increased liver NEFA, TAG and cholesterol levels, increased mitochondrial NEFA and TAG, and decreased phospholipid (PL) levels. SFA, PUFA and unsaturation index (UI) increased, whereas MUFA andtrans-fatty acids (FA) decreased in the mitochondrial membrane PL in 30 % fat diet-fed rats compared with 5 % lipid diet-fed rats. PL UI increased with fish oil dietv.basal and lard-rich diets, and PLtrans-FA increased with lard dietv.basal and fish oil diets. The 30 % lipid diet intake increased mitochondrial membrane potential, membrane fluidity, mitochondrial respiration and complex V activity, and decreased complex III and IV activities. With regard to lipid quality effects, β-oxidation decreased with the intake of basal or fish oil diets compared with that of the lard diet. The intake of a fish oil diet decreased complex III and IV activities compared with both the basal and lard diets. In conclusion, the characteristics and mitochondrial functions of the rat liver mitochondrial membrane are more profoundly altered by the quantity of dietary lipid than by its quality, which may have profound impacts on the pathogenesis and development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

scholarly journals Nutritional programming in early life: the role of dietary lipid quality for future health

OCL ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eline M. van der Beek ◽  
Annemarie Oosting
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Infant Nutrition ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Dietary Lipid ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Dietary Lipids ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Lipid Quality

Worldwide, overweight and obesity have increased dramatically, not only in high income countries. Clearly, unhealthy diets and sedentary lifestyle are important drivers of the increased obesity rates, but increasing evidence indicates that the vulnerability for later life non-communicable diseases is set during the first 1000 days, the period from conception until 2 years of age. The growth during this period is faster than during any other period in life. Dietary fats provide energy for growth, but also supply essential fatty acid (FA) precursors for long chain polyunsaturated FA that are building blocks and signals for adipose tissue development. Both epidemiological and experimental data support the notion that specific improvements in dietary fat quality, e.g. specific changes in the fatty acid composition as well as the structural organization of dietary lipids, may reduce the risk of obesity and other adverse outcomes in later life, but clinical evidence is limited and largely inconclusive. We anticipate that effects of such relatively small improvements in nutrient quality may be difficult to measure on the short term and have limited impact in healthy children. However, for children that already experience challenging conditions in the womb and have a higher risk profile based on deviations in birthweight and postnatal growth, the potential protective effects of improved dietary lipid quality in early life could be more substantial. Results from randomized clinical studies testing improved lipid quality concepts will help to develop specific strategies to adapt infant nutrition based on the need with the aim to improve long term outcomes.

Effect of long term supplementation with dietary lipids ongrowth and fatty acid composition of rabbit’s brain

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaista Arzoo ◽  
Doha Mustafa Al Nouri
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Dietary Lipids ◽  
Good Effect ◽  
Fish Oil Diet

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of long-term supplementation with dietary lipids on growth and fatty acid composition of rabbit’s brain. Soybean oil, fish oil, sesame oil, docosahexaenoic acid and arachidonic acid were fed to weanling rabbits for 100 days. The rabbits were decapitated and brain sample was removed, homogenized and fatty acid concentration was measured by gas chromatography. Dietary lipids had a distinct effect on growth rate only in males. Rabbits fed the fish oil diet showed the highest total w-3 fatty acids and lowest w-6/w-3 ratios. Rabbits fed the DHA diet had highest total saturated fatty acids and lowest values of total MUFA, total PUFA, total w-6, and total w-3 in females. This study shows that w-6/w-3 ratios have tremendous effect on the fatty acid composition of rabbit’s brain. Effect of treatment was not significant among different gender except for total saturated, ARA, C20:1 and C16:0. FO, DHA and DHA+ARA groups showed the w-6/w-3 ratios within the recommended range. This study shows that fatty acid composition of brain can be modulated by dietary lipids and long-term supplementation of dietary lipids especially fish oil (FO) has very good effect on the fatty acid composition of rabbit’s brain.

Effects of a fish oil-lard diet on rat plasma lipoproteins, liver FAS, and lipolytic enzymes

1994 ◽  
Vol 267 (6) ◽  
pp. E975-E982 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Benhizia ◽  
I. Hainault ◽  
C. Serougne ◽  
D. Lagrange ◽  
E. Hajduch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hepatic Triglyceride ◽  
Hmg Coa Reductase ◽  
Triglyceride Accumulation ◽  
Coa Reductase ◽  
Fish Oil Diet ◽  
Lard Diet

The effects of a fish oil concentrate on blood lipids and lipoproteins were examined in relation to their effects on liver fatty acid synthase (FAS), 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA) reductase, adipose tissue lipoprotein lipase (LPL), and hepatic triglyceride lipase (H-TGL). For 15 days, 2-mo-old rats were fed a control diet (10% of calories from fat, 4% fat by weight) or diets with 50% of calories (25% wt/wt) provided by lard, lard and fish oil calories (35%/15%), or lard and corn oil (35%/15%). The high-lard diet increased plasma chylomicron and liver triglycerides. The high-lard diet greatly decreased FAS, HMG-CoA reductase, and LPL activities; it also reduced H-TGL activity. Compared with the lard diet, the lard-fish oil diet decreased plasma TG by drastically lowering chylomicron (4-fold, P < 0.001) and very-low-density lipoprotein levels (P < 0.001). It also reduced high-density lipoprotein levels. The lard-fish oil diet prevented hepatic triglyceride accumulation and decreased FAS activity and mass by 3.5-fold (P < 0.001) but did not further decrease HMG-CoA reductase activity. Adipose tissue LPL activity was 2.5-fold (P < 0.001) higher with the lard-fish oil diet than with the lard diet, and H-TGL activity decreased significantly (-32%, P < 0.01), despite unaltered levels of H-TGL mRNA. These effects were significant with only 10% fish oil concentrate in the lard diet. They were not observed with the lard-corn oil diet.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

scholarly journals The effects of dietary lipids on adrenergically-stimulated lipolysis in perinodal adipose tissue following prolonged activation of a single lymph node

2002 ◽  
Vol 87 (4) ◽  
pp. 375-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine A. Mattacks ◽  
Dawn Sadler ◽  
Caroline M. Pond
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Sunflower Oil ◽  
Dietary Lipids ◽  
Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Local Inflammation ◽  
Fish Oil Diet

The effects of feeding beef suet (mostly saturated and monoenoic fatty acids), sunflower oil (rich inn-6 fatty acids) and fish oil (rich inn-3 fatty acids) on the response of mesenteric, omental, popliteal and perirenal adipocytes to experimentally-induced local inflammation were studied in adult guinea pigs. After 6 weeks on the experimental diets, the animals were fed standard chow, and lipopolysaccharide was injected unilaterally daily for 4 d to induce swelling of one popliteal lymph node. Basal lipolysis in the perinodal adipocytes of all depots studied was higher in the sunflower oil-fed animals than in the controls fed on standard chow, and lower in those fed on suet or fish oil. Dietary lipids altered rates of lipolysis during incubation with 10-5M noradrenaline in all samples studied from the locally-activated popliteal depot, but only in adipocytes within 5 mm of a large lymph node in the other depots. The fish-oil diet attenuated the spread of increased lipolysis within the locally-activated popliteal adipose tissue, and from this depot to other node-containing depots. These experiments show thatn-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids promote andn-3 fatty acids suppress the spread of immune activation to adipocytes within and between depots, and alter the sensitivity of perinodal adipocytes to noradrenaline. Dietary effects are reduced or absent in adipocytes in sites remote from lymph nodes, and thus such samples do not adequately represent processes in perinodal adipose tissue. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that perinodal adipocytes interact with adjacent lymphoid cells during immune responses.

The effect of dietary lipids on the thermotropic behaviour of rat liver and heart mitochondrial membrane lipids

1983 ◽  
Vol 734 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward J. McMurchie ◽  
Mahinda Y. Abeywardena ◽  
John S. Charnock ◽  
Robert A. Gibson
Keyword(s):  
Rat Liver ◽  
Mitochondrial Membrane ◽  
Membrane Lipids ◽  
Dietary Lipids

scholarly journals Effect of a Lard Diet and Fish Oil Diet during the Growth Period on Preferential Fat Intake in Adult Rats

2007 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoko Nakashima ◽  
Meiko Yokoyama ◽  
Takako Kodo ◽  
Atsuyo Shimoda
Keyword(s):  
Fish Oil ◽  
Growth Period ◽  
Fat Intake ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Fish Oil Diet ◽  
Lard Diet

scholarly journals Effect of Live Lactobacillus Paracasei NFRI 7415 on the Preference for a Lard Diet or Fish Oil Diet in Rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Akie Sato ◽  
Noriko Komatsuzaki
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Lactobacillus Paracasei ◽  
Cholesterol Concentration ◽  
Self Selection ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Fish Oil Diet ◽  
Lard Diet

<p><em>This study examined the effect of live <em><em>Lactobacillus paracasei</em></em> NFRI 7415 on the preference of a lard diet (LD) and a fish-oil diet (FD) in rats. 4-week-old male Fischer 344 rats were fed one of four diets; LD, LD + lactic acid bacteria (LLD), FD and FD + lactic acid bacteria for 4 weeks (dietary experimental period). The LLD and FLD groups freely ingested water containing <em><em>Lb. paracasei</em></em> NFRI 7415 (10<sup>7</sup> cfu/ml). After 4 weeks, all rats were placed on a two-choice diet program in which they self-selected from two food cups, each containing either the LD or the FD for 5 weeks (self-selection period). After the dietary experimental period, there was no significant difference in the final body weight and total food intake among the four groups. The intake of fish-oil and live <em><em>Lb. paracasei</em></em> NFRI 7415 was increasing the fecal lipids excretion, and it effectively reduced plasma total cholesterol concentration (p&lt;0.05). It was indicated that the intake of live <em><em>Lb. paracasei</em></em> NFRI 7415 was no influence on the preference for fat in the dietary experimental period and the self-selection period.</em></p>

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