Aerobic exercise performance correlates with post-ischemic flow-mediated dilation of the brachial artery in young healthy men

2005 ◽  
Vol 94 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 113-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emiliano Antonio Palmieri ◽  
Vittorio Palmieri ◽  
Pasquale Innelli ◽  
Emma Arezzi ◽  
Liberato Aldo Ferrara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Brachial Artery ◽  
Exercise Performance ◽  
Flow Mediated Dilation ◽  
Healthy Men

Combined aerobic and resistance training and vascular function: effect of aerobic exercise before and after resistance training

2007 ◽  
Vol 103 (5) ◽  
pp. 1655-1661 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takanobu Okamoto ◽  
Mitsuhiko Masuhara ◽  
Komei Ikuta
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Brachial Artery ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Aerobic Exercise Training ◽  
Flow Mediated Dilation ◽  
Brachial Artery Diameter ◽  
Combined Training ◽  
Before And After

Aerobic exercise training combined with resistance training (RT) might prevent the deterioration of vascular function. However, how aerobic exercise performed before or after a bout of RT affects vascular function is unknown. The present study investigates the effect of aerobic exercise before and after RT on vascular function. Thirty-three young, healthy subjects were randomly assigned to groups that ran before RT (BRT: 4 male, 7 female), ran after RT (ART: 4 male, 7 female), or remained sedentary (SED: 3 male, 8 female). The BRT and ART groups performed RT at 80% of one repetition maximum and ran at 60% of the targeted heart rate twice each week for 8 wk. Both brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) and flow-mediated dilation (FMD) after combined training in the BRT group did not change from baseline. In contrast, baPWV after combined training in the ART group reduced from baseline (from 1,025 ± 43 to 910 ± 33 cm/s, P < 0.01). Moreover, brachial artery FMD after combined training in the ART group increased from baseline (from 7.3 ± 0.8 to 9.6 ± 0.8%, P < 0.01). Brachial artery diameter, mean blood velocity, and blood flow in the BRT and ART groups after combined training increased from baseline ( P < 0.05, P < 0.01, and P < 0.001, respectively). These values returned to the baseline during the detraining period. These values did not change in the SED group. These results suggest that although vascular function is not improved by aerobic exercise before RT, performing aerobic exercise thereafter can prevent the deteriorating of vascular function.

scholarly journals Remote ischemic preconditioning prevents reduction in brachial artery flow-mediated dilation after strenuous exercise

2012 ◽  
Vol 303 (5) ◽  
pp. H533-H538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom G. Bailey ◽  
Gurpreet K. Birk ◽  
N. Timothy Cable ◽  
Greg Atkinson ◽  
Daniel J. Green ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Ischemic Preconditioning ◽  
Brachial Artery ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Treadmill Running ◽  
Remote Ischemic Preconditioning ◽  
Strenuous Exercise ◽  
Flow Mediated Dilation ◽  
Healthy Men ◽  
Dependent Function

Strenuous exercise is associated with an immediate decrease in endothelial function. Repeated bouts of ischemia followed by reperfusion, known as remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC), is able to protect the endothelium against ischemia-induced injury beyond the ischemic area. We examined the hypothesis that RIPC prevents the decrease in endothelial function observed after strenuous exercise in healthy men. In a randomized, crossover study, 13 healthy men performed running exercise preceded by RIPC of the lower limbs (4 × 5-min 220-mmHg bilateral occlusion) or a sham intervention (sham; 4 × 5-min 20-mmHg bilateral occlusion). Participants performed a graded maximal treadmill running test, followed by a 5-km time trial (TT). Brachial artery endothelial function was examined before and after RIPC or sham, as well as after the 5-km TT. We measured flow-mediated dilation (FMD), an index of endothelium-dependent function, using high-resolution echo-Doppler. We also calculated the shear rate area-under-the-curve (from cuff deflation to peak dilatation; SRAUC). Data are described as mean and 95% confidence intervals. FMD changed by <0.6% immediately after both ischemic preconditioning (IPC) and sham interventions ( P > 0.30). In the sham trial, FMD changed from 5.1 (4.4–5.9) to 3.7% (2.6–4.8) following the 5-km TT ( P = 0.02). In the RIPC trial, FMD changed negligibly from 5.4 (4.4–6.4) post-IPC and 5.7% (4.6–6.8) post 5-km TT ( P = 0.60). Baseline diameter, SRAUC, and time-to-peak diameter were all increased following the 5-km TT ( P < 0.05), but these changes did not influence the IPC-mediated maintenance of FMD. In conclusion, these data indicate that strenuous lower-limb exercise results in an acute decrease in brachial artery FMD of ∼1.4% in healthy men. However, we have shown for the first time that prior RIPC of the lower limbs maintains postexercise brachial artery endothelium-dependent function at preexercise levels.

scholarly journals Relationship Between Carotid Artery Intima-Media Thickness and Brachial Artery Flow-Mediated Dilation in Middle-Aged Healthy Men

2005 ◽  
Vol 45 (12) ◽  
pp. 1980-1986 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raymond T. Yan ◽  
Todd J. Anderson ◽  
Francois Charbonneau ◽  
Lawrence Title ◽  
Subodh Verma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Brachial Artery ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Flow Mediated Dilation ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Healthy Men ◽  
Media Thickness ◽  
Artery Flow

scholarly journals Sex-specific effects of habitual aerobic exercise on brachial artery flow-mediated dilation in middle-aged and older adults

2010 ◽  
Vol 120 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary L. Pierce ◽  
Iratxe Eskurza ◽  
Ashley E. Walker ◽  
Tara N. Fay ◽  
Douglas R. Seals
Keyword(s):  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Endurance Exercise ◽  
Brachial Artery ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Flow Mediated Dilation ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Menopausal Women ◽  
Post Menopausal

Brachial artery FMD (flow-mediated dilation) is impaired with aging and is associated with an increased risk of CVD (cardiovascular disease). In the present study, we determined whether regular aerobic exercise improves brachial artery FMD in MA/O (middle-aged/older) men and post-menopausal women. In sedentary MA/O adults (age, 55–79 years) without CVD, 8 weeks of brisk walking (6 days/week for approx. 50 min/day; randomized controlled design) increased treadmill time approx. 20% in both MA/O men (n=11) and post-menopausal women (n=15) (P<0.01), without altering body composition or circulating CVD risk factors. Brachial artery FMD increased >50% in the MA/O men (from 4.6±0.6 to 7.1±0.6%; P<0.01), but did not change in the post-menopausal women (5.1±0.8 compared with 5.4±0.7%; P=0.50). No changes occurred in the non-exercising controls. In a separate cross-sectional study (n=167), brachial artery FMD was approx. 50% greater in endurance-exercise-trained (6.4±0.4%; n=45) compared with sedentary (4.3±0.3%; n=60) MA/O men (P<0.001), whereas there were no differences between endurance-trained (5.3±0.7%, n=20) and sedentary (5.6±0.5%, n=42) post-menopausal women (P=0.70). Brachial artery lumen diameter, peak hyperaemic shear rate and endothelium-independent dilation did not differ with exercise intervention or in the endurance exercise compared with sedentary groups. In conclusion, regular aerobic exercise is consistently associated with enhanced brachial artery FMD in MA/O men, but not in post-menopausal women. Some post-menopausal women without CVD may be less responsive to habitual aerobic exercise than MA/O men.

scholarly journals Regular aerobic exercise protects against impaired fasting plasma glucose-associated vascular endothelial dysfunction with aging

2012 ◽  
Vol 124 (5) ◽  
pp. 325-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allison E. DeVan ◽  
Iratxe Eskurza ◽  
Gary L. Pierce ◽  
Ashley E. Walker ◽  
Kristen L. Jablonski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Brachial Artery ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Fasting Plasma Glucose ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Flow Mediated Dilation ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Vascular Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Fasting Plasma

In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that age-associated vascular endothelial dysfunction is exacerbated by IFG (impaired fasting plasma glucose) and that regular aerobic exercise prevents this effect. Data were analysed from a cohort of 131 non-smoking men and women without overt clinical disease. Compared with young adult controls (age=24±1 years, n=29; values are means±S.E.M.), brachial artery FMD (flow-mediated dilation), a measure of conduit artery EDD (endothelium-dependent dilation), was 33% lower [7.93±0.33 against 5.27±0.37%Δ (% change), P<0.05] in MA/O (middle-aged/older) adults with NFG (normal fasting plasma glucose) (≤99 mg/dl, 62±1 years, n=35). In MA/O adults with IFG (100–125 mg/dl, 64±1 years, n=28), FMD was 30% lower (3.37±0.35%Δ) than in their peers with NFG and 58% lower than young controls (P<0.05). Brachial artery FMD was greater (6.38±0.35%Δ) in MA/O adults with NFG who regularly performed aerobic exercise (>45 min/day for ≥5 days/week, 62±1 years, n=23) compared with their non-exercising peers and only slightly less than young controls (P<0.05). Most importantly, FMD was completely preserved in MA/O adults with IFG who regularly performed aerobic exercise (6.99±0.69%Δ, 65±1 years, n=16). In the pooled sample, fasting plasma glucose was inversely related to FMD (r=−0.42, P<0.01) and was the strongest independent predictor of FMD (R2=0.32). Group differences in FMD were not affected by other subject characteristics or brachial artery properties, including brachial artery dilation to sublingual NTG (nitroglycerine, i.e. endothelium-independent dilation). IFG exacerbates age-associated vascular endothelial dysfunction and this adverse effect is completely prevented in MA/O adults who regularly perform aerobic exercise.

Aerobic exercise acutely prevents the endothelial dysfunction induced by mental stress among subjects with metabolic syndrome: the role of shear rate

2014 ◽  
Vol 306 (7) ◽  
pp. H963-H971 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allan R. K. Sales ◽  
Igor A. Fernandes ◽  
Natália G. Rocha ◽  
Lucas S. Costa ◽  
Helena N. M. Rocha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Shear Rate ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Brachial Artery ◽  
Mental Stress ◽  
Stress Test ◽  
Flow Mediated Dilation ◽  
Artery Flow

Mental stress induces transient endothelial dysfunction, which is an important finding for subjects at cardiometabolic risk. Thus, we tested whether aerobic exercise prevents this dysfunction among subjects with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and whether an increase in shear rate during exercise plays a role in this phenomenon. Subjects with MetS participated in two protocols. In protocol 1 ( n = 16), endothelial function was assessed using brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD). Subjects then underwent a mental stress test followed by either 40 min of leg cycling or rest across two randomized sessions. FMD was assessed again at 30 and 60 min after exercise or rest, with a second mental stress test in between. Mental stress reduced FMD at 30 and 60 min after the rest session (baseline: 7.7 ± 0.4%, 30 min: 5.4 ± 0.5%, and 60 min: 3.9 ± 0.5%, P < 0.05 vs. baseline), whereas exercise prevented this reduction (baseline: 7.5 ± 0.4%, 30 min: 7.2 ± 0.7%, and 60 min: 8.7 ± 0.8%, P > 0.05 vs. baseline). Protocol 2 ( n = 5) was similar to protocol 1 except that the first period of mental stress was followed by either exercise in which the brachial artery shear rate was attenuated via forearm cuff inflation or exercise without a cuff. Noncuffed exercise prevented the reduction in FMD (baseline: 7.5 ± 0.7%, 30 min: 7.0 ± 0.7%, and 60 min: 8.7 ± 0.8%, P > 0.05 vs. baseline), whereas cuffed exercise failed to prevent this reduction (baseline: 7.5 ± 0.6%, 30 min: 5.4 ± 0.8%, and 60 min: 4.1 ± 0.9%, P < 0.05 vs. baseline). In conclusion, exercise prevented mental stress-induced endothelial dysfunction among subjects with MetS, and an increase in shear rate during exercise mediated this effect.

scholarly journals Single Ingestion of Trehalose Enhances Prolonged Exercise Performance by Effective Use of Glucose and Lipid in Healthy Men

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1439
Author(s):  
Naomi Hamada ◽  
Tsuyoshi Wadazumi ◽  
Yoko Hirata ◽  
Mayumi Kuriyama ◽  
Kanji Watanabe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Performance ◽  
Prolonged Exercise ◽  
Insulin Response ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Constant Load ◽  
Bicycle Ergometer ◽  
The Body ◽  
Water Control ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Healthy Men

Trehalose increases blood glucose levels slowly and induces a slight insulin response. The present study aimed to study the effect of trehalose on prolonged exercise performance. The participants were 12 healthy men (age: 21.3 ± 0.9 y). After an overnight fast (12 h), they first exercised with a constant load (intensity: 40% V˙O2peak) for 60 min using a bicycle ergometer. They continued to exercise with a constant load (40% V˙O2peak) for 30 min between four sets of the 30-s Wingate test. After the 1st set, each participant ingested 500 mL water (control), 8% glucose, or 8% trehalose in three trials. These three trials were at least one week apart and were conducted in a double-blind and randomized crossover manner. Blood was collected for seven biochemical parameters at 12 time points during the experiment. The area under the curve of adrenaline after ingestion of trehalose was significantly lower than that for water and tended to be lower than that for glucose in the later stage of the exercise. Lower secretion of adrenaline after a single dose of 8% trehalose during prolonged exercise reflected the preservation of carbohydrates in the body in the later stage of the exercise. In conclusion, a single ingestion of trehalose helped to maintain prolonged exercise performance.

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