Single Ingestion of Trehalose Enhances Prolonged Exercise Performance by Effective Use of Glucose and Lipid in Healthy Men

Trehalose increases blood glucose levels slowly and induces a slight insulin response. The present study aimed to study the effect of trehalose on prolonged exercise performance. The participants were 12 healthy men (age: 21.3 ± 0.9 y). After an overnight fast (12 h), they first exercised with a constant load (intensity: 40% V˙O2peak) for 60 min using a bicycle ergometer. They continued to exercise with a constant load (40% V˙O2peak) for 30 min between four sets of the 30-s Wingate test. After the 1st set, each participant ingested 500 mL water (control), 8% glucose, or 8% trehalose in three trials. These three trials were at least one week apart and were conducted in a double-blind and randomized crossover manner. Blood was collected for seven biochemical parameters at 12 time points during the experiment. The area under the curve of adrenaline after ingestion of trehalose was significantly lower than that for water and tended to be lower than that for glucose in the later stage of the exercise. Lower secretion of adrenaline after a single dose of 8% trehalose during prolonged exercise reflected the preservation of carbohydrates in the body in the later stage of the exercise. In conclusion, a single ingestion of trehalose helped to maintain prolonged exercise performance.

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Effects of a Single Ingestion of Trehalose during Prolonged Exercise

Sports ◽

10.3390/sports7050100 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (5) ◽

pp. 100 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Tsuyoshi Wadazumi ◽

Kanji Watanabe ◽

Hitoshi Watanabe ◽

Hisayo Yokoyama ◽

Nobuko Hongu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Glucose ◽

Energy Metabolism ◽

Lipid Oxidation ◽

Exercise Performance ◽

Prolonged Exercise ◽

Constant Load ◽

Bicycle Ergometer ◽

Male Students ◽

Multiple Comparison Test ◽

Effective Use

Trehalose (TRE), a disaccharide, is absorbed slowly and gradually increases the blood glucose (GLU) level along with reducing insulin secretion. The aim of this study was twofold. First, we examined exercise performance following ingestions of either GLU, TRE, or water (WAT). The second purpose was to investigate the effects of TRE energy metabolism during prolonged exercise. We examined exercise performance using the Wingate test, with 30-min constant load exercise at 40% VO2peak after exercising for 60 min at 40% VO2peak, by using an electromagnetic brake-type bicycle ergometer (Part 1). The power values, blood glucose and lactate, and respiratory exchange ratio (RER) were measured. In addition, we investigated the energy metabolism after a single ingestion of TRE, by measuring the RER and estimating the lipid oxidation for 60 min at 40% VO2peak (Part 2). Healthy college male students performed three trials—(1) placebo (WAT), (2) GLU, and (3) TRE. Repeated two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used for a comparison of the data among the three trial groups. A multiple comparison test was performed using post hoc Bonferroni correction. The TRE ingestion significantly increased the average and maximum power values (p < 0.01). The TRE ingestion showed significantly higher lipid utilization than the GLU lipid oxidation values the in TRE, 12.5 ± 6.1 g/h; GLU, 9.3 ± 4.7 g/h; and WAT, 15.0 ± 4.4 g/h; (p < 0.01). In conclusion, we provide novel data that a single TRE ingestion was effective in improving prolonged exercise performance by effective use of glucose and lipids.

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Prolonged Exercise at a Constant Load on a Bicycle Ergometer: Ratings of Perceived Exertion and Leg Aches and Pain as well as Measurements of Blood Lactate Accumulation and Heart Rate*

International Journal of Sports Medicine ◽

10.1055/s-2008-1025651 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 08 (02) ◽

pp. 109-116 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

G. Ljunggren ◽

R. Ceci ◽

J. Karlsson

Keyword(s):

Heart Rate ◽

Blood Lactate ◽

Perceived Exertion ◽

Prolonged Exercise ◽

Constant Load ◽

Bicycle Ergometer ◽

Ratings Of Perceived Exertion ◽

Lactate Accumulation ◽

Blood Lactate Accumulation

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Acute effects of protein composition and fibre enrichment of yogurt consumed as snacks on appetite sensations and subsequent ad libitum energy intake in healthy men

Applied Physiology Nutrition and Metabolism ◽

10.1139/apnm-2014-0403 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 40 (10) ◽

pp. 980-989 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Caroline Y. Doyon ◽

Angelo Tremblay ◽

Laurie-Eve Rioux ◽

Caroline Rhéaume ◽

Katherine Cianflone ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Energy Intake ◽

Area Under The Curve ◽

Protein Composition ◽

Double Blind ◽

Protein Ratio ◽

Healthy Men ◽

Visual Analog Scales ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Ad Libitum ◽

The Impact

The objective of the study was to assess the impact of protein composition and/or fibre enrichment of yogurt on appetite sensations and subsequent energy intake. In this double-blind crossover study, 20 healthy men (aged 32.4 ± 9.1 years) were submitted to 5 randomized testing sessions, during which they had to consume 5 isocaloric and isonproteinemic yogurt snacks (120-g servings, ∼230 kJ, ∼4.5 g protein) differing by their casein-to-whey protein ratio (C:W) or dietary fibre content: (i) control C:W = 2.8:1; (ii) high whey (HW) C:W = 1.5:1, and fibre-enriched formulations using control; (iii) 2.4 g of inulin; (iv) 1.9 g of inulin and 0.5 g of β-glucan (+IN-βG); and (v) 0.5 g of β-glucan. Appetite sensations were assessed using 150-mm visual analog scales. Plasma variables (glucose, insulin, ghrelin) were measured at 30-min intervals post-yogurt consumption for 2 h. Finally, energy intakes during ad libitum lunches offered 2 h after yogurt snacks were recorded. None of the yogurts impacted appetite sensations. Ad libitum energy intake was significantly different only between HW and control yogurts (–812 kJ; p = 0.03). Regarding post-yogurt plasma variables, a significant difference was found only between ghrelin area under the curve of the +IN-βG and the HW yogurts (–15 510 pmol/L per 120 min, p = 0.04). In conclusion, although appetite sensations were not influenced by variations in yogurts’ protein compositions, a reduced energy intake was observed during the ad libitum lunch after the HW yogurt that may be attributable to its lower C:W. Surprisingly, the fibre enrichments studied did not exert effect on appetite sensations and energy intake.

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A pilot, multi-dose, placebo-controlled evaluation of american ginseng (panax quinquefolius) to improve cancer-related fatigue: NCCTG trial N03CA

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.9001 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 25 (18_suppl) ◽

pp. 9001-9001 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

D. L. Barton ◽

G. S. Soori ◽

B. Bauer ◽

J. Sloan ◽

P. A. Johnson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pilot Trial ◽

Area Under The Curve ◽

American Ginseng ◽

The Body ◽

Double Blind ◽

Cancer Related Fatigue ◽

Equivalent Number ◽

Number Of Patients ◽

Brief Fatigue Inventory ◽

Controlled Evaluation

9001 Background: Fatigue is one of the most common symptoms in people diagnosed with cancer. Ginseng is a popular herb for treatment of this. It has been termed an “adaptogen”, felt to be able to restore balance to the body; its potential anti-fatigue efficacy is supported by animal data. The purpose of this pilot trial was to evaluate three doses of American Ginseng versus placebo for cancer-related fatigue. Methods: Patients with a life expectancy = 6 months and a history of cancer-related fatigue who had been experiencing fatigue = 1 month were eligible. Exclusion criteria included prior use of ginseng, chronic systemic steroids and brain malignancies. Other etiologies for fatigue, such as pain, were also excluded. Participants were randomized to receive, in a double blind manner, placebo, 750 mg/d, 1,000 mg/d or 2,000 mg/d of American Ginseng in BID dosing for 8 weeks. Endpoints included The Brief Fatigue Inventory (BFI), the Vitality Subscale of the SF-36 and several numeric analogue questions of perceived benefit; endpoints were measured at baseline, 4 weeks and 8 weeks. Area under the curve (AUC) and change from baseline were calculated. Results: Two hundred eighty two patients (69–72 per arm) were enrolled from 10/21/2005 to 07/05/2006. Available 8-week data are provided in the table below; higher numbers are better. There were no statistically significant differences in any grade of toxicity between active and placebo arms, and an equivalent number of patients discontinued the study due to adverse events in each arm. Conclusion: This randomized pilot trial provided data to suggest that American Ginseng doses of 1000–2000 mg/d may be effective for alleviating cancer related fatigue. Therefore, further study of American Ginseng in cancer survivors appears warranted. No significant financial relationships to disclose. [Table: see text]

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The effect of the intake of cucumis sativus on the hormone of water control during the prolonged exercise

Exercise Science ◽

10.15857/ksep.2007.16.3.213 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 16 (3) ◽

pp. 213-222 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

김대수 ◽

JongHyuck Kim ◽

Park Jin-Hong ◽

Sang- Nam Nam

Keyword(s):

Cucumis Sativus ◽

Prolonged Exercise ◽

Water Control

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Comparing the Effects of Immersed Versus Land-Based High-Intensity Interval Cycling on Energy Intake, Appetite Sensations and Perceived Exertion Among Healthy Men

Perceptual and Motor Skills ◽

10.1177/00315125211007345 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 003151252110073

Author(s):

Lore Metz ◽

Laurie Isacco ◽

Maud Miguet ◽

Pauline Genin ◽

David Thivel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Energy Intake ◽

High Intensity ◽

Perceived Exertion ◽

Area Under The Curve ◽

Macronutrient Intake ◽

Healthy Men ◽

High Intensity Interval ◽

Interval Cycling ◽

Desire To Eat ◽

The Relationship

Immersed exercise has been shown to induce higher energy expenditure and no difference or increase in food intake compared with similar exercise on land. In this study, we compared the effects of acute high-intensity cycling performed on land versus when immersed on subsequent energy intake (EI), appetite sensations and perceived exertion (RPE) in healthy men. Ten participants in a postprandial condition completed three experimental visits in a randomized order: a control condition (CONT); a high-intensity interval cycling exercise performed on land (HIIE-L) and the same exercise while immersed in water (HIIE-A) with a similar targeted heart rate. We observed no difference in energy and macronutrient intake and in area under the curve (AUC) for appetite sensations between sessions. The RPE at the end of HIIE-L was negatively correlated with EI (r=–0.67; p < 0.05), AUC for hunger (r=–0.86, p < 0.01), desire to eat (r=–0.78, p < 0.05) and prospective food consumption (r=–0.86, p < 0.01). Conversely, the RPE at the end of HIIE-L was positively correlated with AUC for fullness (r = 0.76 , p < 0.05). No such correlations were observed for HIIE-A. The present study was the first to observe that immersion did not influence EI after HIIE cycling, but immersion blunted the relationship between session RPE and subsequent energy intake and appetite sensations relative to HIIE on land.

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Analysis of the Impact of a Multi-Strain Probiotic on Body Composition and Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Long-Distance Runners

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu12123758 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (12) ◽

pp. 3758

Author(s):

Joanna Smarkusz-Zarzecka ◽

Lucyna Ostrowska ◽

Joanna Leszczyńska ◽

Karolina Orywal ◽

Urszula Cwalina ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Composition ◽

Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽

The Body ◽

Double Blind Study ◽

Distance Runners ◽

Long Distance ◽

Double Blind ◽

Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽

Total Body ◽

The Impact

Use of probiotic supplements, the benefits of which have not been proven in sportspeople, is becoming more widespread among runners. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a multi-strain probiotic on body composition, cardiorespiratory fitness and inflammation in the body. The randomised, double-blind study included 66 long-distance runners. The intervention factor was a multi-strain probiotic or placebo. At the initial and final stages of the study, evaluation of body composition and cardiorespiratory fitness was performed and the presence of inflammation determined. In the group of men using the probiotic, an increase in lean body mass (p = 0.019) and skeletal muscle mass (p = 0.022) was demonstrated, while in the group of women taking the probiotic, a decrease in the content of total body fat (p = 0.600) and visceral fat (p = 0.247) was observed. Maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max) increased in women (p = 0.140) and men (p = 0.017) using the probiotic. Concentration of tumour necrosis factor-alpha decreased in women (p = 0.003) and men (p = 0.001) using the probiotic and in women (p = 0.074) and men (p = 0.016) using the placebo. Probiotic therapy had a positive effect on selected parameters of body composition and cardiorespiratory fitness of study participants and showed a tendency to reduce inflammation.

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Study of NT-pro-BNP and Hs-Troponin I biomarkers for early detection of children’s heart function of protein-energy malnutrition

Pediatric Reports ◽

10.4081/pr.2019.7997 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Herlina Dimiati ◽

Abdus Samik Wahab ◽

Mohammad Juffrie ◽

Madarina Julia ◽

Basri A. Gani

Keyword(s):

Troponin I ◽

Heart Function ◽

Protein Energy Malnutrition ◽

Area Under The Curve ◽

Left Ventricular ◽

The Body ◽

Chromatography Method ◽

Blood Electrolytes ◽

Ventricular Mass ◽

Protein Energy

The Protein Energy Malnutrition (PEM) is the condition of a lack of carbohydrate and protein stores in the body that trigger chronic failure nutrient intake and body maintenance function caused to impact the heart functions. The NT-pro-BNP and Hs- Troponin I proteins were found as the indicator of cardiac dysfunction. The sixty subjects of PEM, analyzed by standard of Indonesia Healt Ministry as well as nutritional status. The blood electrolytes examined by laboratory assay and the levels of Hs-Troponin 1 and NT-Pro-BNP were analyzed by Immune-Chromatography method. Assessing of the ventricular mass with the seeing the peak of the diastolic flow rate of left ventricular that estimated by the curve of the receiver operating characteristic and the area under the curve (P<0.05). The result has shown that the PEM decreased in the left ventricular mass for impaired heart function and systolic disorder. The Hs- Troponin I (90.9%) has better sensitivity than NT-pro-BNP (85.5%) if the merger of those markers possesses the lowest sensitivity (81.8%). These proteins have good biomarkers in heart function, mainly in cases where PEM is present.

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The Relationship between Resistance Exercise Performance and Ventilatory Efficiency after Beetroot Juice Intake in Well-Trained Athletes

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13041094 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 1094

Author(s):

Noemí Serra-Payá ◽

Manuel Vicente Garnacho-Castaño ◽

Sergio Sánchez-Nuño ◽

Lluís Albesa-Albiol ◽

Montserrat Girabent-Farrés ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Resistance Exercise ◽

Exercise Test ◽

Exercise Performance ◽

Beetroot Juice ◽

Experimental Conditions ◽

Double Blind ◽

Ventilatory Efficiency ◽

End Tidal ◽

Oxygen Uptake Efficiency Slope ◽

The Relationship

The assessment of ventilatory efficiency is critical to understanding the matching of ventilation (VE) and perfusion in the lungs during exercise. This study aimed to establish a causal physiological relationship between ventilatory efficiency and resistance exercise performance after beetroot juice (BJ) intake. Eleven well-trained males performed a resistance exercise test after drinking 140 mL of BJ (~12.8 mmol NO3−) or a placebo (PL). Ventilatory efficiency was assessed by the VE•VCO2−1 slope, the oxygen uptake efficiency slope and the partial pressure of end-tidal carbon dioxide (PetCO2). The two experimental conditions were controlled using a randomized, double-blind crossover design. The resistance exercise test involved repeating the same routine twice, which consisted of wall ball shots plus a full squat (FS) with a 3 min rest or without a rest between the two exercises. A higher weight lifted was detected in the FS exercise after BJ intake compared with the PL during the first routine (p = 0.004). BJ improved the VE•VCO2−1 slope and the PetCO2 during the FS exercise in the first routine and at rest (p < 0.05). BJ intake improved the VE•VCO2−1 slope and the PetCO2 coinciding with the resistance exercise performance. The ergogenic effect of BJ could be induced under aerobic conditions at rest.

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