Effects of upper-body, lower-body, or combined resistance training on the ratio of follistatin and myostatin in middle-aged men

Elevated circulating C-terminal agrin fragment (CAF) is a marker of neuromuscular junction degradation and sarcopenia. This study sought to determine if resistance training (RT) impacted the serum levels of CAF in perimenopausal (PERI-M) and postmenopausal (POST-M) women. A total of 35 women, either PERI-M or POST-M, participated in 10 weeks of RT. Body composition, muscle strength, and serum estradiol and CAF were determined before and after the RT. The data were analyzed with two-way analysis of variance (p ≤ .05). Upper body and lower body strength was significantly increased, by 81% and 73% and 86% and 79% for the PERI-M and POST-M participants, respectively; however, there were no significant changes in body composition. Estradiol was significantly less for the POST-M participants at pretraining compared with the PERI-M participants. CAF moderately increased by 22% for the PERI-M participants in response to RT, whereas it significantly decreased by 49% for the POST-M participants. Ten weeks of RT reduced the circulating CAF in the POST-M women and might play a role in attenuating degenerative neuromuscular junction changes.

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Influence Of Lower Body Resistance Training On Upper Body Strength Adaptations In Trained Men.

Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise ◽

10.1249/01.mss.0000487794.13881.f4 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 48 ◽

pp. 933-934

Author(s):

Sandro Bartolomei ◽

Jay R. Hoffman ◽

Jeffrey R. Stout ◽

Franco Merni

Keyword(s):

Resistance Training ◽

Upper Body ◽

Lower Body ◽

Body Strength ◽

Upper Body Strength ◽

Body Resistance

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Effect of Lower-Body Resistance Training on Upper-Body Strength Adaptation in Trained Men

The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research ◽

10.1519/jsc.0000000000001639 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 32 (1) ◽

pp. 13-18 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Sandro Bartolomei ◽

Jay R. Hoffman ◽

Jeffrey R. Stout ◽

Franco Merni

Keyword(s):

Resistance Training ◽

Upper Body ◽

Lower Body ◽

Body Strength ◽

Upper Body Strength ◽

Body Resistance

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The Effects of Eight Weeks Upper Body and Lower Body Resistance Training on Plasma Adiponectin and Leptin Levels in Young Men

Annals of Applied Sport Science ◽

10.18869/acadpub.aassjournal.5.1.1 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Masoud Zamani ◽

◽

Maghsoud Peeri ◽

Keyword(s):

Resistance Training ◽

Young Men ◽

Upper Body ◽

Lower Body ◽

Plasma Adiponectin ◽

Body Resistance

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The effects of a four weeks combined resistance training programme on cricket bowling velocity

South African Journal of Sports Medicine ◽

10.17159/2078-516x/2021/v33i1a9002 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 33 (1) ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Mogammad Sharhidd Taliep ◽

Rifqah Maker

Keyword(s):

Resistance Training ◽

Training Programme ◽

Upper Body ◽

Lower Body ◽

Neuromuscular Performance ◽

Resistance Training Programme ◽

Ball Release ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Ball Velocity ◽

Cricket Bowling

Background: Despite the importance of resistance training for cricket pace bowlers, there is limited research displaying meaningful improvements in ball release velocity following resistance training. Objectives: The study aimed at investigating the effects of a four weeks combined resistance training programme on ball release velocity in club cricket pace bowlers. Methods: Eighteen adult male club level pace bowlers were allocated into a combined resistance training (CRT) group or a traditional cricket training (TR) group. The CRT group (n=9) performed two training sessions a week for four weeks, consisting of a combination of core and lower body strength exercises, plyometric exercises, and weighted implement training. The TR group (n=9) did no resistance training and only bowled with regular weighted cricket balls. Pre- testing/post-testing variables were ball release velocity, bowling accuracy, and upper and lower body neuromuscular performance. Results: The CRT group significantly increased their ball release velocity by six percent (5.1 km·h-1), effect size (ES) =0.65, p<0.001) after four weeks of training, while there was no significant difference in the TR group (0.00 km·h-1, ES=0.0, p=0.674). There was no statistically significant difference in the bowling accuracy and lower body neuromuscular performance for both groups and the upper body neuromuscular performance for the CRT group. Conclusion: This study provides evidence of a combined resistance training programme that can be used to improve bowling velocity in cricket pace bowlers. This increase in ball velocity was not related to any of the neuromuscular performance variables measured.

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Body shape classification of Korean middle-aged women using 3D anthropometry

Fashion and Textiles ◽

10.1186/s40691-020-00223-8 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Minji Yu ◽

Dong-Eun Kim

Keyword(s):

Normal Weight ◽

The Body ◽

Upper Body ◽

Lower Body ◽

Middle Aged ◽

Body Type ◽

Apparel Companies ◽

Clothing Fit ◽

Body Shapes ◽

Type 3

AbstractMost Korean apparel companies lack suitable dress forms for the different body types of middle-aged Korean women, resulting in poor clothing fit for them. As a part of an ongoing project to develop a dress form that fully reflects Korean middle-aged women’s bodies, this study classified the body shapes and examined the anthropometric characteristics of women in their 40s and 50s. The 3D anthropometric data of 302 middle-aged women of normal weight (18.5 ≤ BMI < 25) were obtained from the 6th Size Korea. Sixty-three measurements related to the construction of dress form were chosen. Based on the scores from five factors, the body shapes of Korean middle-aged women were classified into four types: Type 1 had a broader shoulder and a slightly developed upper body but a more developed lower body; Type 2 had a longer, relatively thin and flat, vertical body; Type 3 had a shorter body and smaller torso than the other types, and the lower body was more developed than the upper; Type 4 had a bulky upper body and the highest BMI, but the lower body was rather small. The nine key measurements in classifying the body shapes of Korean middle-aged women were found by discriminant analysis. The characteristics of representative body shapes obtained in this study can be useful for developing dress forms for clothing that better fits Korean middle-aged women.

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Effects of Resistance Training and Whole-Body Electromyostimulation on Muscular Strength in Female Collegiate Softball Players

Pertanika Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities ◽

10.47836/pjssh.29.3.24 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 29 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Raja Nurul Jannat Raja Hussain ◽

Maisarah Shari

Keyword(s):

Electrical Stimulation ◽

Resistance Training ◽

Muscular Strength ◽

Upper Body ◽

Whole Body ◽

Control Group ◽

Lower Body ◽

Body Strength ◽

Before And After ◽

Lower Body Strength

Strength and conditioning coaches frequently use traditional resistance training (TRT) to build strength. However, in recent years, whole-body electromyostimulation (WB-EMS) was used in elite athletes to increase muscle strength. This study aimed to assess the effect of two different types of training on muscular strength. Sixty female collegiate players (Age = 23.52±1.89 years, Height = 156.20±1.71cm; Mass = 53.21±3.17kg) participated in this study and were randomly assigned to three training groups. All groups trained as usual for eight weeks, except for the first group, which received additional TRT. The second group received additional electrical stimulation training, and the third group did not receive any additional training following the regular softball bat swing training. Muscular strength (upper and lower body) was assessed by a 3RM bench press and a 3RM squat test before and after the eight-week programme. The primary findings indicate that after eight weeks of training, upper body and lower body strength increased significantly in both the TRT and WB-EMS groups (p = 0.000 and p = 0.000, respectively) in comparison to the control group. However, the t value indicated that the TRT group improved both upper body strength (20.18) and lower body strength (29.18) more than the WB-EMS group (upper body = 6.18; lower body = 6.47). The findings demonstrate the efficacy of both training modalities for increasing muscular strength and suggest that TRT be prioritised over whole-body electrical stimulation training for increasing muscular strength in collegiate softball players.

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Moderate Intensity Resistance Training Significantly Elevates Testosterone following Upper Body and Lower Body Bouts When Total Volume is Held Constant

International Journal of Kinesiology and Sports Science ◽

10.7575/aiac.ijkss.v.3n.4p.50 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 3 (4) ◽

Keyword(s):

Resistance Training ◽

Upper Body ◽

Moderate Intensity ◽

Lower Body

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Efficacy of Creatine Supplementation Combined with Resistance Training on Muscle Strength and Muscle Mass in Older Females: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13113757 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (11) ◽

pp. 3757

Author(s):

Ellem Eduarda Pinheiro dos Santos ◽

Rodrigo Cappato de de Araújo ◽

Darren G. Candow ◽

Scott C. Forbes ◽

Jaddy Antunes Guijo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Resistance Training ◽

Muscle Strength ◽

Muscle Mass ◽

Creatine Supplementation ◽

Upper Body ◽

Lower Body ◽

Level Of Evidence ◽

Age Related ◽

Body Strength ◽

Lower Body Strength

Sarcopenia refers to the age-related loss of muscle strength and muscle mass, which is associated with a reduced quality of life, particularly in older females. Resistance training (RT) is well established to be an effective intervention to counter indices of sarcopenia. Accumulating research indicates that the addition of creatine supplementation (Cr) to RT augments gains in muscle strength and muscle mass, compared to RT alone. However, some evidence indicates that sex differences may alter the effectiveness of Cr. Therefore, we systematically reviewed randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the efficacy of Cr + RT on measures of upper- and lower-body strength and muscle mass in older females. A systematic literature search was performed in nine electronic databases. Ten RCTs (N = 211 participants) were included the review. Overall, Cr significantly increased measures of upper-body strength (7 studies, n = 142, p = 0.04), with no effect on lower-body strength or measures of muscle mass. Sub-analyses revealed that both upper-body (4 studies, n = 97, p = 0.05) and lower-body strength (4 studies, n = 100, p = 0.03) were increased by Cr, compared to placebo in studies ≥ 24 weeks in duration. In conclusion, older females supplementing with Cr experience significant gains in muscle strength, especially when RT lasts for at least 24 weeks in duration. However, given the level of evidence, future high-quality studies are needed to confirm these findings.

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