Psychomotor performance during prolonged exercise above and below the blood lactate threshold

1997 ◽  
Vol 77 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 77-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Chmura ◽  
H. Krysztofiak ◽  
A. W. Ziemba ◽  
K. Nazar ◽  
H. Kaciuba-Uścilko
Keyword(s):  
Blood Lactate ◽  
Psychomotor Performance ◽  
Lactate Threshold ◽  
Prolonged Exercise

scholarly journals Adjustments of Cardiac Function During Prolonged Exercise Relative to Lactate Threshold.

1995 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 177-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soo Hyun Kim ◽  
Kiyoji Tanaka ◽  
Yasuhito Kumazaki ◽  
Kou Mizuno ◽  
Masaki Takeda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Function ◽  
Lactate Threshold ◽  
Prolonged Exercise

scholarly journals OR-049 Monitoring and evaluation of Zhejiang Swimmers’ Altitude Training

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Weiwei Lin
Keyword(s):  
Blood Lactate ◽  
Lactate Threshold ◽  
The Body ◽  
Monday Morning ◽  
Altitude Training ◽  
Training Plan ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Peak Value

Objective (1)Through the blood physiological and biochemical tests during the altitude training, to analyze the body function of swimmers in this stage.(2) Through the individual lactate threshold tests before and after the altitude training,to analyze the effects of altitude training. Methods Eight swimmers took a 26-day altitude training session.The individual lactate threshold test was carried out by the Swedish Monak839E power cycle progressive loading method before and after the training;During the altitude training period, 5ml of the subjects' elbow vein was extracted and tested on an empty stomach and in a quiet state every Monday morning. Results (1)When swimmers reached the plateau, the hemoglobin value was indistinguishable from the plain(male 156.2±7.01，female 135.7±8.75g/L),From the hemoglobin value (male 154.03 + 5.67, female 134.23 + 9.66g/L), there was a decrease in both male and female in the second week.But hypoxia stimulated red blood cell production, and the body itself was gradually adapting to the training load.Thus, the hemoglobin value of the third week (male 157.17 + 3.7, female 141.93 + 10.06g/L) was significantly improved, and higher than the level of the first week.During the altitude training period, the mean value of male’s blood testosterone was 474.33 + 97.06ng/dl, and the female’s blood testosterone was 33.67 + 17.25ng/dl.Male’s blood testosterone was lower than the mean of the national team, because the study participants were youngers who were not fully developed and had shorter training years.There were different trends in blood testosterone value between male and female. Male’s blood testosterone values during the Monday morning of these three weeks were 479.67±76.25、492.33±83.61、451±153.41ng/dl respectively.female’s blood testosterone values during the Monday morning of these three weeks were 29.33±21.83、32±23.26、39.67±9.29ng/dl respectively.These further indicated that this altitude training plan was more suitable for male with shorter training years, and the body had certain fatigue accumulation, but the decrease range was within a reasonable range.However, the increase of blood testosterone per week in female indicated that the training stimulation depth was not enough, and the potential of athletes should be further explored.According to the changes of creatine kinase, the sensitivity of male to the change of altitude training intensity was also shown, and the highest value of creatine kinase was 731U/L in the first week.(2) From the value of the individual lactate threshold before and after altitude training, no matter male or female,the change was not obvious, but was generally improved, this may be the altitude training adopted the pattern of three and a half weeks, training time was short.Secondly, as a professional athlete, the "plastic space" gradually decreased with the extension of the training years.Most of the peak blood lactate occurred in 1-3 minutes of recovery period.and the average value increased from 8.96 + 1.86mmol/L before altitude training to 9.99 + 1.47mmol/L.Among them, the peak value of male’s blood lactate was increased from 8 + 2.22mmol/L before the altitude training to 10.91 + 1.43mmol/L, and there was a significant difference in the peak of blood lactate before and after the altitude training.However, the peak value of female’s blood lactate was decreased from 9.92 + 0.79mmol/L before the altitude training to 9.07 + 0.88mmol/L. This was mainly due to the fact that a member of the swimmers had caused the result, and this swimmer’s enduring lactate level was lower than the one before the plateau. Conclusions The altitude training generally improved athletes’ training ability, but based on factors such as training age, gender, should be targeted according to the individual situation of each athlete training plan, so as to achieve more from less.

scholarly journals The Maximal Lactate Steady State Workload Determines Individual Swimming Performance

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gernot O. Hering ◽  
Jens Stepan
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Blood Lactate ◽  
Swimming Speed ◽  
Lactate Threshold ◽  
Swimming Performance ◽  
Endurance Capacity ◽  
Sudden Increase ◽  
Maximal Lactate Steady State ◽  
Custom Made ◽  
Major Interest

The lactate threshold (LT) and the strongly related maximal lactate steady state workload (MLSSW) are critical for physical endurance capacity and therefore of major interest in numerous sports. However, their relevance to individual swimming performance is not well understood. We used a custom-made visual light pacer for real-time speed modulation during front crawl to determine the LT and MLSSW in a single-exercise test. When approaching the LT, we found that minute variations in swimming speed had considerable effects on blood lactate concentration ([La−]). The LT was characterized by a sudden increase in [La−], while the MLSSW occurred after a subsequent workload reduction, as indicated by a rapid cessation of blood lactate accumulation. Determination of the MLSSW by this so-called “individual lactate threshold” (ILT)-test was highly reproducible and valid in a constant speed test. Mean swimming speed in 800 and 1,500 m competition (S-Comp) was 3.4% above MLSSW level and S-Comp, and the difference between S-Comp and the MLSSW (Δ S-Comp/MLSSW) were higher for long-distance swimmers (800–1,500 m) than for short- and middle-distance swimmers (50–400 m). Moreover, Δ S-Comp/MLSSW varied significantly between subjects and had a strong influence on overall swimming performance. Our results demonstrate that the MLSSW determines individual swimming performance, reflects endurance capacity in the sub- to supra-threshold range, and is therefore appropriate to adjust training intensity in moderate to severe domains of exercise.

Muscle and blood ammonia and lactate responses to prolonged exercise with hyperoxia

1987 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 1457-1462 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. E. Graham ◽  
P. K. Pedersen ◽  
B. Saltin
Keyword(s):  
Blood Lactate ◽  
Prolonged Exercise ◽  
Vastus Lateralis ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Type I ◽  
Blood Ammonia ◽  
Lactate Metabolism ◽  
Muscle Lactate ◽  
Gas Treatment ◽  
Nonsteady State

Investigations using nonsteady-state and fatiguing exercise protocols have demonstrated a strong relationship between ammonia and lactate metabolism and have suggested a cause and effect relationship between these two variables. We investigated the lactate-ammonia response using prolonged exercise and inspiration of hyperoxic gas (60% O2–40% N2). The exercise consisted of either 70–75% maximal O2 uptake (VO2 max) for 40 min (series 1, n = 6) or 75–80% VO2max for 30 min (series 2, n = 6) with the subjects inspiring room air on one occasion and hyperoxia in the other test. In both series blood ammonia rose continuously throughout the exercise regardless of the inspired gas treatment; in contrast blood lactate did not increase after 10 min with room air, and with hyperoxia blood lactate was reduced. Muscle lactate and ammonia (series 2; vastus lateralis) had responses similar to the blood data. The data demonstrated no apparent lactate-ammonia relationship with prolonged exercise or in response to hyperoxia, suggesting that ammonia production can be independent of lactate metabolism. The data also suggest that type I fibers can be a major source of ammonia in humans.

scholarly journals Blood lactate threshold reflects glucose responses in horses submitted to incremental exercise test

2008 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 256-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.C. Ferraz ◽  
F.H.F. D’Angelis ◽  
A.R. Teixeira-Neto ◽  
E.V.V. Freitas ◽  
J.C. Lacerda-Neto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Lactate ◽  
Exercise Test ◽  
Lactate Threshold ◽  
Incremental Exercise ◽  
Incremental Exercise Test

Stroking Characteristics of Front Crawl Swimming during Exercise

1993 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 219-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kari L. Keskinen ◽  
Paavo V. Komi
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Blood Lactate ◽  
Lactate Threshold ◽  
Neural Activation ◽  
Stroke Rate ◽  
Front Crawl ◽  
Mean Velocity ◽  
Stroke Length ◽  
Stroke Cycle

The purpose of this study was to examine the differences in the relationships among the stroking characteristics between different phases of swimming exercises, and to determine whether these relationships would change in relation to enhanced swimming intensity. The experimental design consisted of the measurement of mean velocity (V), stroke rate (SR), stroke length (SL), and duration of different phases of a stroke cycle for each pool length in five to six 400-m swims and two 100-m swims. The results showed that the basic relationships among the stroke parameters during the test exercises were almost similar to those observed in competition. However, the relationships changed with enhanced swimming intensity. It is suggested that the degree of anaerobic lactacid metabolism may determine the characteristics of stroking while swimming. The reduction of SL above the lactate threshold would be connected to the accumulation of blood lactate, whereas SR would primarily be determined by the ability to maintain adequate neural activation.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document