Exogenous inoculation of endophytic bacterium Bacillus cereus suppresses clubroot (Plasmodiophora brassicae) occurrence in pak choi (Brassica campestris sp. chinensis L.)

Planta ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 253 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samiah Arif ◽  
Fiza Liaquat ◽  
Senlin Yang ◽  
Iftikhar Hussain Shah ◽  
Lina Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Brassica Campestris ◽  
Plasmodiophora Brassicae ◽  
Endophytic Bacterium ◽  
Pak Choi ◽  
Bacterium Bacillus

scholarly journals Identification and Nematicidal Characterization of Proteases Secreted by Endophytic Bacteria Bacillus cereus BCM2

2020 ◽  
Vol 110 (2) ◽  
pp. 336-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haijing Hu ◽  
Yang Gao ◽  
Xia Li ◽  
Shuanglin Chen ◽  
Shuzhen Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Endophytic Bacterium ◽  
Extracellular Proteins ◽  
Nematicidal Activity ◽  
Alkaline Serine Protease ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Nematode Cuticle ◽  
Bacterium Bacillus

The endophytic bacterium Bacillus cereus BCM2 has shown great potential as a biocontrol organism against Meloidogyne incognita, which causes severe root-knot diseases in crops. In our previous study, the metabolite of BCM2 showed high nematicidal activity against the M. incognita second-stage juveniles. However, the mechanism employed by endophytic bacteria to infect and kill nematodes is still unclear. Here, we investigate both the endophytic bacterial extracellular proteins with nematicidal activity and their mechanism of killing nematodes. The first step was detecting the nematicidal activities of crude proteins. The results show that the nematode mortality rate reached 100% within 72 h, and the crude proteins damaged both the cuticle and eggshell, before finally destroying the targets. This suggests possible proteinaceous pathogeny in BCM2. Throughout the process, the fine-detail changes in the nematode cuticle and the intestinal structure were observed using scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. These images show that BCM2 extracellular proteins did not damage the internal organization of the nematode but did severely damage its cuticle, which led to content leakage. From the crude proteins, chitosanase, alkaline serine protease, and neutral protease were purified and identified. The M. incognita–B. cereus BCM2 microenvironment simulation demonstrates that BCM2 adheres to the surface of nematodes and helps the metabolites that were produced by BCM2 to rapidly recognize and kill M. incognita. This relationship between plants, endophytic bacteria, and nematodes offers insight into the biological mechanisms that can be utilized for of nematode management.

scholarly journals Complete Genome Sequence of the Endophytic Bacterium Bacillus cereus PgBE311, Isolated from Panax ginseng

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (21) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chi Eun Hong ◽  
Jang Uk Kim ◽  
Jung Woo Lee ◽  
Kyong Hwan Bang ◽  
Ick-Hyun Jo
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Panax Ginseng ◽  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Complete Genome Sequence ◽  
Complete Genome ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Endophytic Bacterium ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Cylindrocarpon Destructans ◽  
Bacterium Bacillus

Bacillus cereus PgBE311, isolated from the root tissue of a 5-year-old Panax ginseng plant, showed activities against the fungal pathogens Cylindrocarpon destructans and Botrytis cinerea. Here, we report the genome sequence of B. cereus PgBE311.

scholarly journals Antioxidant and DNA Damage Protecting Activity of Exopolysaccharides from the Endophytic Bacterium Bacillus cereus SZ1

Molecules ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Zheng ◽  
Tin Zou ◽  
Yan Ma ◽  
Jian Wang ◽  
Yu Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Endophytic Bacterium ◽  
Bacterium Bacillus

scholarly journals Preservação do inóculo de Plasmodiophora brassicae utilizando o método de congelamento

2009 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Cristina Sodário Cruz ◽  
Nilton Luiz de Souza ◽  
Carlos Roberto Padovani ◽  
Edson Luiz Furtado
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodiophora Brassicae ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Pak Choi ◽  
De Se

A preservação das estruturas de resistência de Plasmodiophora brassicae, em condições laboratoriais, é dificultada pelo fato de se tratar de um parasita obrigatório. O método de congelamento, utilizando freezer, comum foi testado com o objetivo de viabilizar a sobrevivência e a preservação de suas características infectivas. Raízes de diferentes brássicas, naturalmente infectadas por P. brassicae, contendo sintomas típicos de hérnia, de uma mesma propriedade localizada no município de Pardinho, Estado de São Paulo, foram coletadas em diferentes épocas e imediatamente congeladas, em freezer, a aproximadamente -20ºC. Os tratamentos foram divididos da seguinte maneira: T1: hérnias congeladas por 389 dias (rúcula); T2: hérnias congeladas por 242 dias (brócolis); T3: hérnias congeladas por 21 dias (couve chinesa) e T4: testemunha (sem inóculo). Os testes de patogenicidade, após diferentes períodos de armazenamento, foram realizados em condições de casa de vegetação (25±2ºC). Cada planta de uma variedade suscetível de couve-chinesa (Pak choi) foi inoculada com 2mL da suspensão de esporos de cada tratamento, na concentração de 10(7) esporos.mL-1. Cada tratamento contou com seis repetições distribuídas em blocos ao acaso. Passadas cinco semanas após a inoculação, as raízes das plantas foram lavadas e avaliadas. Houve diferença significativa entre os tratamentos. Os materiais congelados, entre 21 a 242 dias preservaram suas características infectivas, mostrando que o método de congelamento em freezer, nesse período, pode ser uma boa opção para a preservação das estruturas de resistência deste patógeno.

scholarly journals Screening Brassica Cultivars for Resistance to Western Oregon Clubroot Pathotypes

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 510-516
Author(s):  
Aaron Heinrich ◽  
Shinji Kawai ◽  
Jim Myers
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodiophora Brassicae ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Genetic Resistance ◽  
Crop Loss ◽  
Soilborne Pathogen ◽  
Host Reaction ◽  
Brussels Sprouts ◽  
Pak Choi ◽  
Susceptible Control ◽  
Brassicaceae Family

Growing resistant cultivars from the Brassicaceae family (brassicas) is an effective strategy to minimize crop loss caused by the soilborne pathogen Plasmodiophora brassicae (clubroot). However, there are many clubroot pathotypes, and genetic resistance to clubroot may be pathotype-specific. To determine which pathotypes are present in western Oregon, diseased roots were collected from five farms and identified by the European clubroot differential (ECD) set. To assess resistance to the identified pathotypes, 21 vegetable cultivars from nine crops with purported resistance to clubroot were evaluated for disease incidence and severity in field and greenhouse studies. The crops evaluated included broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica), cauliflower (B. oleracea var. botrytis), brussels sprouts (B. oleracea var. gemmifera), cabbage (B. oleracea var. capitata), napa cabbage (Brassica rapa var. pekinensis), pak choi (B. rapa var. chinensis), kohlrabi (B. oleracea var. gongylodes), turnip (B. rapa var. rapa), and rutabaga (Brassica napus var. napobrassica). ECD host reaction showed similar virulence among clubroot collections, and all field isolates had the same ECD pathotype designation, 16/02/30. Compared with a crop-specific susceptible control, 17 of 21 cultivars had some resistance to clubroot, and of those, 15 were highly resistant (≤15% incidence with low disease severity). This research demonstrated that western Oregon farmers have several commercially available cultivars with resistance to the dominant pathotyope in the region. However, each farmer must evaluate the suitability of these cultivars to meet consumer and industry requirements.

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