Nucleo-cytoplasmic interactions affect the 5’ terminal transcription of mitochondrial genes between the isonuclear CMS line UG93A and its maintainer line UG93B of kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaofang Liao ◽  
Hongwei Li ◽  
Aziz Khan ◽  
Yanhong Zhao ◽  
Mian Ahmad Raza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Genes ◽  
Hibiscus Cannabinus ◽  
Maintainer Line ◽  
Cms Line

scholarly journals Organelle genome composition and candidate gene identification for Nsa cytoplasmic male sterility in Brassica napus

BMC Genomics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shi-Fei Sang ◽  
De-Sheng Mei ◽  
Jia Liu ◽  
Qamar U. Zaman ◽  
Hai-Yan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Mitochondrial Genome ◽  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterility ◽  
Male Sterility ◽  
Parental Species ◽  
Sequencing Technology ◽  
Genome Composition ◽  
Maintainer Line ◽  
Organelle Genomes ◽  
Cms Line

Abstract Background Nsa cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) is a novel alloplasmic male sterility system derived from somatic hybridization between Brassica napus and Sinapis arvensis. Identification of the CMS-associated gene is a prerequisite for a better understanding of the origin and molecular mechanism of this CMS. With the development of genome sequencing technology, organelle genomes of Nsa CMS line and its maintainer line were sequenced by pyro-sequencing technology, and comparative analysis of the organelle genomes was carried out to characterize the organelle genome composition of Nsa CMS as well as to identify the candidate Nsa CMS-associated genes. Results Nsa CMS mitochondrial genome showed a higher collinearity with that of S. arvensis than B. napus, indicating that Nsa CMS mitochondrial genome was mainly derived from S. arvensis. However, mitochondrial genome recombination of parental lines was clearly detected. In contrast, the chloroplast genome of Nsa CMS was highly collinear with its B. napus parent, without any evidence of recombination of the two parental chloroplast genomes or integration from S. arvensis. There were 16 open reading frames (ORFs) specifically existed in Nsa CMS mitochondrial genome, which could not be identified in the maintainer line. Among them, three ORFs (orf224, orf309, orf346) possessing chimeric and transmembrane structure are most likely to be the candidate CMS genes. Sequences of all three candidate CMS genes in Nsa CMS line were found to be 100% identical with those from S. arvensis mitochondrial genome. Phylogenetic and homologous analysis showed that all the mitochondrial genes were highly conserved during evolution. Conclusions Nsa CMS contains a recombined mitochondrial genome of its two parental species with the majority form S. arvensis. Three candidate Nsa CMS genes were identified and proven to be derived from S. arvensis other than recombination of its two parental species. Further functional study of the candidate genes will help to identify the gene responsible for the CMS and the underlying molecular mechanism.

scholarly journals Comparative analysis of mitochondrial genome between UG93A and UG93B reveal common feature of 5’-end heterogeneity in mitochondrial genes of kenaf

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaofang Liao ◽  
Yanhong Zhao ◽  
Aziz Khan ◽  
Xiangjun Kong ◽  
Bujin Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Genome ◽  
Northern Blot Analysis ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Mitochondrial Genes ◽  
Coding Region ◽  
Pollen Abortion ◽  
Promoter Sequences ◽  
Promoter Architecture ◽  
Cms Line ◽  
Architecture Analysis

AbstractPlant cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) being maternal phenomenon trait that result from pollen abortion and closely linked with mitochondrial DNA rearrangement in many crops including kenaf. However, the molecular mechanism in kenaf is poorly known. In present work, we described the mitochondrial genome in isonuclear CMS line UG93A and its maintainer line UG93B. Findings of the current study revealed that a total of 398 SNPs and 230 InDels were identified in UG93A mtDNA. Total of 26 SNPs variations and three InDels were identified in the coding region of atp6, indicating its active role in mitochondrial genome re-arrangement. Northern blot analysis showed that the transcripts of atp1, atp4, atp6, cox3 and sdh4 in F1 were consistent with UG93A but different for UG93B. The transcript of atp9 was found similar between UG93B and F1 while different for UG93A, which depict that atp9 may be regulated by nuclear genes in F1 hybrid. The expression of atp9 in UG93A was substantially lower compared with UG93B, suggesting its key role for energy supplying in microspore development of kenaf. Circularized RNA (CR)-RT-PCR revealed that mitochondrial RNAs with heterogeneous 5’-ends but uniform 3’ - ends are common feature in kenaf mitochondrial genes, and the promoter architecture analysis showed that the promoter sequences in kenaf mitochondrial genome are highly diverged in comparison to those in other plants. Our data highlight that the translation of mitochondrial genes in kenaf is closely associated with heterogeneity of the 5’-end of plant mRNA. The present result provides the basic information in understanding the transcription of kenaf mitochondrial genome and can be used as reference in other plants.

scholarly journals Assembly and comparative analysis of chloroplast genome of wheat K-CMS line and maintainer line

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yucui Han ◽  
Yujie Gao ◽  
Xiaoguang Zhai ◽  
Hao Zhou ◽  
Qin Ding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Chloroplast Genome ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
Trna Genes ◽  
Maintainer Line ◽  
Synonymous Mutations ◽  
Chloroplast Genomes ◽  
Cms Line

Abstract The sterile line is vital for the heterosis utilization of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), and the cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) line has more practical significance in the utilization of heterosis. To reveal the sterile mechanism of wheat K-CMS line K519A from the perspective of the chloroplast genome, the chloroplast genomes of the K519A and its same nuclear genotype maintainer line 519B were sequenced using second-generation high-throughput technology and assembled. Then the chloroplast genomic contents, SSR sequences, long repeat fragments, and qPCR were analyzed. The results showed that the total length of K519A and 519B were 136,996 bp and 136,235 bp, respectively. Both chloroplast genomes encode 126 genes, including 89 protein-coding genes, 8 rRNA genes, and 39 tRNA genes. There were 186 and 188 SSRs in K519A and 519B, respectively. And a developed SSR maker, which from atpF, can be used to distinguish the cytoplasmic type of Aegilops kotschyi and Triticum aestivum, respectively. There were 50 and 52 long repeat fragments, which come from the gene sequences, in K519A and 519B, respectively. A total of 107 mutations between K519A and 519B, which from 45 genes, were identified, of which, 16 genes (matK, rps16, rpoB, rpoC2, atpI, ndhK, atpB, rbcL, psbB, psbH, rpl14, ndhH, ndhF, rpl32, ccsA, ndhA) contained non-synonymous mutations. Further, the qPCR analysis was performed, and the gene expression levels of selected six genes for K519A compared to 519B were mostly downregulated at the binucleate and trinucleate stages of pollen development, thus, these non-synonymous mutant genes might affect the fertility of K519A.

scholarly journals Breeding of Indica glutinous cytoplasmic male sterile line WX209A via CRISPR/Cas9 mediated genomic editing

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 93-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Wang ◽  
Yue Han ◽  
Xuan Feng ◽  
Yun-Zhen Li ◽  
Bao-Xiang Qin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amylose Content ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Male Sterile Line ◽  
Maintainer Line ◽  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterile ◽  
Glutinous Rice ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Cms Line

Glutinous cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) line is necessary to select hybrid glutinous rice combination with high yield and quality. To develop glutinous CMS with low amylose content, in this study, we firstly knocked out the granule-bound starch synthase OsWaxy in 209B using CRISPR/Cas9 mediated genome editing technology and successfully obtained a glutinous maintainer line WX209B. Comparing with maintainer line 209B, WX209B showed decreased amylose contents and similar agronomic characters. And then, through one generation of hybridization and two generations of backcrossing with WX209B as the male parent and 209A as the female parent, the glutinous CMS line WX209A was successfully achieved. Our study provides a strategy to efficiently breed for the glutinous cytoplasmic male sterile line by combining CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing technology with conventional backcross breeding method in a short period, which prepares the ground for further breeding of hybrid glutinous rice variety.  

scholarly journals Comparative Transcriptome Analysis of the Anthers from the Cytoplasmic Male-Sterile Pepper Line HZ1A and Its Maintainer Line HZ1B

Horticulturae ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 580
Author(s):  
Zhixing Nie ◽  
Jianying Chen ◽  
Yunpeng Song ◽  
Hongfei Fu ◽  
Hong Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Male Sterility ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Maintainer Line ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Kegg Pathways ◽  
Kegg Analysis ◽  
Cms Line ◽  
Phenylpropanoid Biosynthesis ◽  
Go Terms

Cytoplasmic male-sterility (CMS) is important for the utilization of crop heterosis and study of the molecular mechanisms involved in CMS could improve breeding programs. In the present study, anthers of the pepper CMS line HZ1A and its maintainer line HZ1B were collected from stages S1, S2, and S3 for transcriptome sequencing. A total of 47.95 million clean reads were obtained, and the reads were assembled into 31,603 unigenes. We obtained 42 (27 up-regulated and 15 down-regulated), 691 (346 up-regulated and 345 down-regulated), and 709 (281 up-regulated and 428 down-regulated) differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in stages S1, S2, and S3, respectively. Through Gene Ontology (GO) analysis, the DEGs were found to be composed of 46 functional groups. Two GO terms involved in photosynthesis, photosynthesis (GO:0015986) and photosystem I (GO:0009522), may be related to CMS. Through Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis, oxidative phosphorylation (ko00190) and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis (ko00940) were significantly enriched in the S1 and S2 stages, respectively. Through the analysis of 104 lipid metabolism-related DEGs, four significantly enriched KEGG pathways may help to regulate male sterility during anther development. The mitochondrial genes orf470 and atp6 were identified as candidate genes of male sterility for the CMS line HZ1A. Overall, the results will provide insights into the molecular mechanisms of pepper CMS.

scholarly journals Morfologi Bunga dan Korelasinya terhadap Kemampuan Menyerbuk Silang Galur Mandul Jantan Padi

2014 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 109
Author(s):  
Indrastuti A. Rumanti ◽  
B. S. Purwoko ◽  
Iswari S. Dewi ◽  
Hajrial Aswidinnoor ◽  
Satoto Satoto
Keyword(s):  
Seed Set ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Hybrid Seed Production ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Maintainer Line ◽  
Field Station ◽  
Cms Line ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Flowering Behaviour ◽  
Stigma Exsertion

Good male sterile lines should have high and stable sterility, as well as have good characters of flowers that enhances the outcrossing ability. Research was conducted at Sukamandi field station during DS of 2010 to study the character and flowering behaviour and their genetic variability among the new CMS lines. Five new CMS lines were tested in the field in three replicates of randomized complete block design. The results showed that CMS derived from the Wild Abortive, Kalinga and Gambiaca all were early flowering. The new CMS lines have better flower characters than that of IR58025A, including the following: bigger stigma, higher stigma exsertion percentage, wider degree of glume opening, and longer duration of glume opening. Better flowering behaviour enhanced the ability of outcrossing, and resulted in seed set obtained from CMS lines, up to 25.90%; the traditional IR58025A CMS line produced seed set of only 2.98%. The significant positive correlation was found between seed set with stigma width (r = 0.44*), with stigma exsertion (r = 0.54*); and with degree of glume opening of male sterile lines (r = 0.42*); also with filament length (r = 0.47*) and degree of glume opening of maintainer line (r = 0.57**). Those characters are important for the seed set of CMS lines in the hybrid seed production.

scholarly journals Differentially expressed genes and phenotypic variation in florets among the isogenic Ogura-CMS, DGMS and inbred lines of broccoli

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhansheng Li ◽  
Yumei Liu ◽  
Zhiyuan Fang ◽  
Limei Yang ◽  
Mu Zhuang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Male Sterility ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Inbred Line ◽  
Abc Transporters ◽  
Plant Hormone ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Maintainer Line ◽  
Late Flowering ◽  
Cms Line

Abstract Background: Male sterility contributes strongly to hybrid seed purity and production in Brassica crops. To detect plant phenotypes and the gene expression patterns involved in bioprocess of an Ogura cytoplasmic male sterility line (Ogura-CMS), a dominant genic male sterility line (DGMS) and their maintainer line, we analyzed the transcriptomes of broccoli florets among the isogenic Ogura-CMS (T54C), DGMS (T54M) and inbred lines (T54S).Results: There were respectively 505, 585 and 469 upregulated genes, and 1109, 1073 and 543 downregulated genes in the comparison groups of T54C and T54M, T54C and T54S, and T54M and T54S. The head weight and head width showed stronger performance in the Ogura-CMS than the DGMS line or maintainer line. The Ogura-CMS line showed poorer performance in seed yield and seed germination than the DGMS line or maintainer line. The DGMS line had longer maturation and flowering periods than the Ogura-CMS and maintainer lines. The plant hormone genes, auxin (TIR1, GH3 and SAUR) and salicylic acid (SA) (NPR1), and adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette (ABC) transporters-related genes (ABCB1 and ATM) were highly up-regulated in T54C compared with T54M or T54S. The brassinosteroid upregulated gene CYCD3 related to the function of late-flowering and delaying senescence in plants, was detected in T54M over two seasons.Conclusions: Among the isogenic Ogura-CMS, DGMS and inbred lines of broccoli, the Ogura-CMS line showed strong performance in head yield than the DGMS line or the inbred line. The DGMS line had longer days to flowering than the Ogura-CMS and inbred lines. However, the inbred line presented a higher seed yield and seed germination rate than the DGMS or Ogura-CMS line. This study found that some potential plant hormone genes, auxin (TIR1, GH3 and SAUR) and SA (NPR1), and ABC transporters related genes (ABCB1 and ATM) might play a key role in regulation of the developmental trait in the Ogura-CMS line. The BR- upregulated gene CYCD3 may function in late-flowering and delaying senescence of broccoli consistent with the investigations conducted over two seasons. Our findings provided a possible explanation for physiological and developmental differences of broccoli among the Ogura-CMS, the DGMS and the inbred lines.

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