Changes in cell shape in the ventral neuroectoderm of Drosophila melanogaster depend on the activity of the achaete-scute complex genes

2000 ◽  
Vol 210 (4) ◽  
pp. 190-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Stollewerk
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Cell Shape

scholarly journals Integrative Networks by BRWD3 Regulates Cytoskeleton Organization and Cell Motility

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junlin Li ◽  
Yan Yu ◽  
Jihong Cui ◽  
Yan Wang ◽  
Kefan Ding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Mental Retardation ◽  
Cell Motility ◽  
Chromatin Immunoprecipitation ◽  
Cell Shape ◽  
Regulatory Mechanism ◽  
Molecular Network ◽  
Cytoskeleton Organization ◽  
Cellular Events ◽  
Mcf 7

Abstract BackgroundEukaryotic cytoskeleton forms and keeps cell shape, transports intracellular particles and organelles, determines cell motility and other important cellular events. A large number of regulators of cytoskeleton organization have been identified, but the detailed regulatory mechanism still remains obscure. Previous reports suggest that BRWD3 may be a regulator of cytoskeleton organization in Drosophila melanogaster, and influences cell shape. Therefore, we investigated the molecular network of BRWD3 regulating cytoskeleton organization.ResultsIn this study, we observed the alteration of cell shape, cell motility, and proliferation when BRWD3 was knocked down in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines. The cells were rounded, cell motility decreased when BRWD3 was knocked down. Using chromatin immunoprecipitation combining with sequencing, we found that BRWD3 influenced the cytoskeleton organization, cell shape, and cell motility through regulating expression of the cytoskeleton associative genes including ARF1, ABI2, ARPC3, ARPC1A, RHOC, MEF2C, and VIM.ConclusionsA molecular network by BRWD3 is sketched to elucidate that BRWD3 may not only regulate actin filament but also regulate microtubule and intermediate filament-based cytoskeleton organization. These efforts provide an overview of a BRWD3 network regulating cytoskeleton organization, cell shape and motility, and allow a better understanding of cytoskeleton (re)organization and pathogenesis of mental retardation X-linked 93 and relative carcinomas.

Author response for "Tweedle proteins form extracellular two-dimensional structures defining body and cell shape in Drosophila melanogaster"

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Zuber ◽  
Yiwen Wang ◽  
Nicole Gehring ◽  
Slawomir Bartoszewski ◽  
Bernard Moussian
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Cell Shape ◽  
Author Response ◽  
Two Dimensional

Dmoesin controls actin-based cell shape and polarity during Drosophila melanogaster oogenesis

2002 ◽  
Vol 4 (10) ◽  
pp. 782-789 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cédric Polesello ◽  
Isabelle Delon ◽  
Philippe Valenti ◽  
Pierre Ferrer ◽  
François Payre
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Cell Shape

scholarly journals broad controls leg imaginal disc morphogenesis in Drosophila via regulation of cell shape changes and remodeling of extracellular matrix

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clinton Rice ◽  
Stuart Macdonald ◽  
Xiaochen Wang ◽  
Robert E Ward
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Cell Shape ◽  
Imaginal Disc ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Matrix Remodeling ◽  
Ecm Remodeling ◽  
Cell Shape Changes ◽  
Shape Changes

AbstractImaginal disc morphogenesis during metamorphosis in Drosophila melanogaster provides an excellent model to uncover molecular mechanisms by which hormonal signals effect physical changes during development. The broad (br) Z2 isoform encodes a transcription factor required for disc morphogenesis in response to 20-hydroxyecdysone, yet how it accomplishes this remains largely unknown. Here, we show that amorphic br5 mutant discs fail to remodel their basal extracellular matrix (ECM) after puparium formation and do not undergo necessary cell shape changes. RNA sequencing of wild type and mutant leg discs identified 717 genes differentially regulated by br; functional studies reveal that several are required for adult leg formation, particularly those involved in remodeling the ECM. Additionally, br Z2 expression is abruptly shut down at the onset of metamorphosis, and expressing it beyond this time results in failure of leg development during the late prepupal and pupal stages. Taken together, our results suggest that br Z2 is required to drive ECM remodeling, change cell shape, and maintain metabolic activity through the mid prepupal stage, but must be switched off to allow expression of pupation genes.Summary StatementThe Drosophila melanogaster ecdysone-responding transcription factor broad controls morphogenetic processes in leg imaginal discs during metamorphosis through regulation of genes involved in extracellular matrix remodeling, metabolism, and cell shape changes and rearrangements.

scholarly journals A cryo-ET study of microtubules in axons

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen E Foster ◽  
Camilla Ventura Santos ◽  
Andrew P Carter
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Dorsal Root ◽  
Cell Shape ◽  
Intracellular Transport ◽  
Electron Tomography ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Disordered Protein ◽  
Cryo Electron Tomography ◽  
Mouse Dorsal Root Ganglion

The microtubule cytoskeleton in axons plays key roles in intracellular transport and in defining cell shape. Despite many years of study of microtubules, many questions regarding their native architecture remain unanswered. Here, we performed cryo-electron tomography of mouse dorsal root ganglion (DRG) and Drosophila melanogaster (Dm) neurons and examined their microtubule ultrastructure in situ. We found that the microtubule minus and plus ends in DRG axons are structurally similar and frequently contact nearby components. The microtubules in DRG axons maintained a 13 protofilament (pf) architecture, even close to lattice break sites. In contrast, microtubules in Dm neurons had 12 or 13 pfs and we detected sites of pf number transition. The microtubule lumen in DRG axons is filled with globular microtubule inner proteins (MIPs). Our data suggest these have a defined structure, which is surprising given they are thought to contain the disordered protein MAP6. In summary, we reveal novel morphological and structural features of microtubules in their native environment.

scholarly journals Rotating for elongation: Fat2 whips for the race

2016 ◽  
Vol 212 (5) ◽  
pp. 487-489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomke Stürner ◽  
Gaia Tavosanis
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Cell Migration ◽  
Actin Cytoskeleton ◽  
Cell Shape ◽  
Collective Cell Migration ◽  
Cell Biol ◽  
Regulatory Complex ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Cadherin Superfamily

Dynamic rearrangements of the actin cytoskeleton are crucial for cell shape and migration. In this issue, Squarr et al. (2016. J. Cell Biol. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201508081) show that the cadherin superfamily protein Fat2 regulates actin-rich protrusions driving collective cell migration during Drosophila melanogaster egg morphogenesis through its interaction with the WAVE regulatory complex.

scholarly journals Microtubules promote intercellular contractile force transmission during tissue folding

2019 ◽  
Vol 218 (8) ◽  
pp. 2726-2742 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clint S. Ko ◽  
Vardges Tserunyan ◽  
Adam C. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Cell Shape ◽  
Adherens Junctions ◽  
Adherens Junction ◽  
Contractile Force ◽  
Force Transmission ◽  
Microtubule Network ◽  
Apical Constriction ◽  
Actomyosin Contractility ◽  
Actomyosin Contraction

During development, forces transmitted between cells are critical for sculpting epithelial tissues. Actomyosin contractility in the middle of the cell apex (medioapical) can change cell shape (e.g., apical constriction) but can also result in force transmission between cells via attachments to adherens junctions. How actomyosin networks maintain attachments to adherens junctions under tension is poorly understood. Here, we discovered that microtubules promote actomyosin intercellular attachments in epithelia during Drosophila melanogaster mesoderm invagination. First, we used live imaging to show a novel arrangement of the microtubule cytoskeleton during apical constriction: medioapical Patronin (CAMSAP) foci formed by actomyosin contraction organized an apical noncentrosomal microtubule network. Microtubules were required for mesoderm invagination but were not necessary for initiating apical contractility or adherens junction assembly. Instead, microtubules promoted connections between medioapical actomyosin and adherens junctions. These results delineate a role for coordination between actin and microtubule cytoskeletal systems in intercellular force transmission during tissue morphogenesis.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document