scholarly journals Changes in temperature and temperature gradients in the French Northern Alps during the last century

2012 ◽  
Vol 111 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 223-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Dominique Dumas
2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 (7) ◽  
pp. 5219-5228
Author(s):  
Ananda Shankar Bhattacharjee ◽  
Sha Wu ◽  
Ramesh Goel

2010 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 353-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Cramer ◽  
M. Röder ◽  
J. Pal ◽  
G. Gerbeth

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. eabe2348
Author(s):  
Karen Lythgoe ◽  
Muzli Muzli ◽  
Kyle Bradley ◽  
Teng Wang ◽  
Andri Dian Nugraha ◽  
...  

Temperature plays a critical role in defining the seismogenic zone, the area of the crust where earthquakes most commonly occur; however, thermal controls on fault ruptures are rarely observed directly. We used a rapidly deployed seismic array to monitor an unusual earthquake cascade in 2018 at Lombok, Indonesia, during which two magnitude 6.9 earthquakes with surprisingly different rupture characteristics nucleated beneath an active arc volcano. The thermal imprint of the volcano on the fault elevated the base of the seismogenic zone beneath the volcanic edifice by 8 km, while also reducing its width. This thermal “squeezing” directly controlled the location, directivity, dynamics, and magnitude of the earthquake cascade. Earthquake segmentation due to thermal structure can occur where strong temperature gradients exist on a fault.


Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 120
Author(s):  
Francisco Fernández ◽  
José Díaz ◽  
María Folgueras ◽  
Inés Suárez

Thermal energy storage systems help to couple thermal energy generation and process demand in cogeneration facilities. One single deposit with two design temperatures and one main temperature step in sensible thermal energy storage define the thermocline systems. Performance of one high size real thermocline thermal energy storage system is analysed. Starting from temperature and mass flow rate data registered by the plant control system, one advanced thermodynamic analysis is performed. The quality of heat storage is analysed in terms of evaluation of the stratification in the thermocline zone. The temperature data registered at 21 positions is extended by displacement analysis generating detailed profiles. Fraction of recoverable heat, thermocline width, stratification indices based on energy and exergy analysis, and mean temperature gradients in the thermocline region are calculated. These parameters are monitored under real operation conditions of the plant. The calculated parameters are studied to check their distribution and correlation. First and Second Law indices show parallel behaviour and two values are found that delimit situations of high and low values of mean temperature gradients. It was observed that buoyancy generates uniform forced movement with the right water temperature entering the diffusers, but good control strategies are essential to avoid mixing. The system demonstrated great stability in this use.


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