Dynamics and functions of CD4+CD25high regulatory T lymphocytes in Chinese rhesus macaques during the early stage of infection with SIVmac239

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a complex autoimmune disease that may lead to skin and internal organ fibrosis. Based on skin involvement, two subsets of the disease are recognized (limited cutaneous SSc and diffuse cutaneous SSc). The new 2013 American College of Rheumatology/European League against Rheumatism classification criteria allow to identify SSc patients at the early stage of the disease that allows new research avenues. The aetiology of the disease is still unknown, but it has an important autoimmune basis and its association with other autoimmune diseases has been reproducibly reported. Among them, primary biliary cholangitis is considered the most common liver disease in SSc. The aim of this review is to provide an overview on recent findings about SSc associated to primary biliary cholangitis. Although the aetiology of the two diseases is still unknown, data suggest that these two disorders share the expression of fibrogenic cytokines, involved both in generation and function of T lymphocytes subpopulation (Th17 cells) and regulatory T lymphocytes. In addition, the relationships between SSc and primary biliary cholangitis may be closer as suggested by the presence of primary biliary cholangitis–specific antibodies in SSc patients and vice versa. Recent findings confirm a prevalence of overt primary biliary cholangitis in about 2% of SSc population, in particular in patients with limited cutaneous SSc and positive anticentromere antibodies. The prevalence increases if also patients with only primary biliary cholangitis–specific antibodies are considered. Data regarding SSc prevalence in primary biliary cholangitis patients have also been recently clarified. Altogether, stimulating results are moving the field forward regarding the relationships of these two autoimmune and fibrotic disorders that may belong to an overlapping entity.

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Dynamics of T Lymphocyte Phenotypes Between the Periphery and the Brain From the Acute to the Chronic Phase Following Ischemic Stroke in Mice

10.21203/rs.3.rs-126766/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Myung-Shin Jeon ◽

Minha Kim ◽

So-Dam Kim ◽

Kyoung-In Kim ◽

Eun Hae Jeon ◽

...

Keyword(s):

T Cells ◽

T Lymphocytes ◽

T Lymphocyte ◽

Early Stage ◽

Chronic Phase ◽

Artery Occlusion ◽

Immune Organs ◽

Regulatory T Lymphocytes ◽

Fundamental Information ◽

The Brain

Abstract BackgroundT lymphocytes are involved in infarct size at the early stage of stroke. However, the phenotypes of T lymphocytes and their functions in peripheral immune organs and the brain have not been well-analyzed from the acute to the chronic phase of stroke.MethodsA 45 min transient middle cerebral artery occlusion mouse model was used. The phenotypes of T lymphocytes in the thymus, spleen, blood, and brain were determined using the neurological severity score (NSS) and body weights during the 6-month follow-up. ResultsImpairment of thymocyte numbers, development, proliferation, and apoptosis was observed for up to 2 weeks. The number of mature T cells in the spleen and blood decreased and showed less interferon- production for up to 2 weeks. Increased numbers of CD44+CD62L- effector T cells and CD4-CD8-CD3+ double negative T cells were observed in mouse brains in the early phase of stroke, while interleukin (IL)-10+Foxp3+ regulatory T cell levels increased for 1 week during the chronic phase. These phenotypes were correlated with body weight and the NSS. ConclusionsThe recovery of T lymphocyte numbers and increased IL-10+Foxp3+ regulatory T lymphocytes may be important for the improvement of long-term neurological outcomes. Dynamic changes in T lymphocytes from the acute and chronic phase may play different roles, such as pathological and recovery roles, respectively. This study provides fundamental information regarding the T lymphocyte alterations from the brain to the peripheral immune organs from the acute to the chronic phase of stroke.

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Reduced regulatory T lymphocytes in migraine patients

Neurological Research ◽

10.1080/01616412.2021.1915077 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Fardin Faraji ◽

Mana Shojapour ◽

Iman Farahani ◽

Ali Ganji ◽

Ghasem Mosayebi

Keyword(s):

T Lymphocytes ◽

Regulatory T Lymphocytes

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Immunological Shielding by Induced Recruitment of Regulatory T-Lymphocytes Delays Rejection of Islets Transplanted in Muscle

Cell Transplantation ◽

10.3727/096368914x678535 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 24 (2) ◽

pp. 263-276 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Evelina Vågesjö ◽

Gustaf Christoffersson ◽

Tomas B. Waldén ◽

Per-Ola Carlsson ◽

Magnus Essand ◽

...

Keyword(s):

T Lymphocytes ◽

Regulatory T Lymphocytes

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The Recombinant Maize Ribosome-Inactivating Protein Transiently Reduces Viral Load in SHIV89.6 Infected Chinese Rhesus Macaques

Toxins ◽

10.3390/toxins7010156 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 156-169 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Rui-Rui Wang ◽

Ka-Yee Au ◽

Hong-Yi Zheng ◽

Liang-Min Gao ◽

Xuan Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Viral Load ◽

Rhesus Macaques ◽

Ribosome Inactivating Protein ◽

Chinese Rhesus Macaques

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Differential CD4+ T-Lymphocyte Apoptosis and Bystander T-Cell Activation in Rhesus Macaques and Sooty Mangabeys during Acute Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Infection

Journal of Virology ◽

10.1128/jvi.01715-08 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 83 (2) ◽

pp. 572-583 ◽

Cited By ~ 49

Author(s):

Mareike Meythaler ◽

Amanda Martinot ◽

Zichun Wang ◽

Sarah Pryputniewicz ◽

Melissa Kasheta ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Immune Response ◽

T Lymphocytes ◽

T Lymphocyte ◽

Immune Activation ◽

Rhesus Macaques ◽

Lymphocyte Apoptosis ◽

Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Sooty Mangabeys ◽

Siv Infection ◽

Species Specific

ABSTRACT In contrast to pathogenic lentiviral infections, chronic simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infection in its natural host is characterized by a lack of increased immune activation and apoptosis. To determine whether these differences are species specific and predicted by the early host response to SIV in primary infection, we longitudinally examined T-lymphocyte apoptosis, immune activation, and the SIV-specific cellular immune response in experimentally infected rhesus macaques (RM) and sooty mangabeys (SM) with controlled or uncontrolled SIV infection. SIVsmE041, a primary SIVsm isolate, reproduced set-point viremia levels of natural SIV infection in SM but was controlled in RM, while SIVmac239 replicated to high levels in RM. Following SIV infection, increased CD8+ T-lymphocyte apoptosis, temporally coinciding with onset of SIV-specific cellular immunity, and elevated plasma Th1 cytokine and gamma interferon-induced chemokine levels were common to both SM and RM. Different from SM, SIV-infected RM showed a significantly higher frequency of peripheral blood activated CD8+ T lymphocytes despite comparable magnitude of the SIV-specific gamma interferon enzyme-linked immunospot response. Furthermore, an increase in CD4+ and CD4−CD8− T-lymphocyte apoptosis and plasma tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand were observed only in RM and occurred in both controlled SIVsmE041 and uncontrolled SIVmac239 infection. These data suggest that the “excess” activated T lymphocytes in RM soon after SIV infection are predominantly of non-virus-specific bystander origin. Thus, species-specific differences in the early innate immune response appear to be an important factor contributing to differential immune activation in natural and nonnatural hosts of SIV infection.

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Quantitating Effector and Regulatory T Lymphocytes in Immune Responses by Limiting Dilution Analysis Modeling

The Journal of Immunology ◽

10.4049/jimmunol.174.6.3421 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 174 (6) ◽

pp. 3421-3431 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Thierry Bonnefoix ◽

Philippe Bonnefoix ◽

Pascal Perron ◽

Jian-Qing Mi ◽

Wan Fai Ng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

T Lymphocytes ◽

Immune Responses ◽

Regulatory T Lymphocytes ◽

Limiting Dilution Analysis ◽

Limiting Dilution

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Analysis of factors affected the SARS-CoV-2 viral shedding time of COVID-19 patients in Anhui, China: a retrospective study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-20954/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

You-Hui Tu ◽

Yuan-Yuan Wei ◽

Da-Wei Zhang ◽

Chang-Shan Chen ◽

Xian-Wei Hu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

T Lymphocytes ◽

Early Stage ◽

Serum Glucose ◽

Viral Shedding ◽

Cd8 T Lymphocytes ◽

Cd8 T Lymphocyte ◽

Tnf Α ◽

Epidemiological Risk ◽

Group A ◽

Group B

Abstract Background The epidemic of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has spread worldwide, but the factors that may affect the SARS-CoV-2 viral shedding time in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients were rarely reported. Methods We retrospectively recruited 40 confirmed common COVID-19 patients and classified them into two groups according to the SARS-CoV-2 viral shedding time (group A (less than 10 days) and group B (10 days or more)). The demographic, laboratory parameters and chest computed tomography (CT) features on admission and the 3 rd day after treatment were analyzed respectively. Results Fourteen patients were in group A and 26 patients in group B, the median SARS-CoV-2 viral shedding time of the two groups was 7 and 16 days respectively. Compared to the group A, the comorbidity, epidemiological risk history, serum glucose and CD4/8 on admission were significantly higher in the group B (P<0.05). On the 3 rd day after treatment, the group B got significantly higher IL-6, IL-2R, TNF-α and CD4/8, and lower platelet and CD8 + T lymphocyte counts than group A (P<0.05). Logistic regression analyses revealed that the higher epidemiological risk history, serum glucose and CD4/8 on admission were significantly associated with a longer SARS-CoV-2 viral shedding time (OR=7.5, 11.41, 9.21 respectively, P<0.05), as well as the higher TNF-α and lower CD8 + T lymphocytes on the 3 rd day after treatment (OR=2.36, 0.98 respectively, P<0.05). Conclusions Our study provides the evidence that the prolonged SARS-CoV-2 viral shedding time might be correlated with the patients’ epidemiological risk history, as well as the serum glucose and CD4/8 on admission, TNF-α and CD8 + T lymphocytes on the 3 rd day after treatment. Our result may help clinicians to distinguish the patients with a prolonged viral shedding time at the early stage.

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