scholarly journals Analysis of factors affected the SARS-CoV-2 viral shedding time of COVID-19 patients in Anhui, China: a retrospective study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
You-Hui Tu ◽  
Yuan-Yuan Wei ◽  
Da-Wei Zhang ◽  
Chang-Shan Chen ◽  
Xian-Wei Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Viral Shedding ◽  
Cd8 T Lymphocytes ◽  
Cd8 T Lymphocyte ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Epidemiological Risk ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Abstract Background The epidemic of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has spread worldwide, but the factors that may affect the SARS-CoV-2 viral shedding time in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients were rarely reported. Methods We retrospectively recruited 40 confirmed common COVID-19 patients and classified them into two groups according to the SARS-CoV-2 viral shedding time (group A (less than 10 days) and group B (10 days or more)). The demographic, laboratory parameters and chest computed tomography (CT) features on admission and the 3 rd day after treatment were analyzed respectively. Results Fourteen patients were in group A and 26 patients in group B, the median SARS-CoV-2 viral shedding time of the two groups was 7 and 16 days respectively. Compared to the group A, the comorbidity, epidemiological risk history, serum glucose and CD4/8 on admission were significantly higher in the group B (P<0.05). On the 3 rd day after treatment, the group B got significantly higher IL-6, IL-2R, TNF-α and CD4/8, and lower platelet and CD8 + T lymphocyte counts than group A (P<0.05). Logistic regression analyses revealed that the higher epidemiological risk history, serum glucose and CD4/8 on admission were significantly associated with a longer SARS-CoV-2 viral shedding time (OR=7.5, 11.41, 9.21 respectively, P<0.05), as well as the higher TNF-α and lower CD8 + T lymphocytes on the 3 rd day after treatment (OR=2.36, 0.98 respectively, P<0.05). Conclusions Our study provides the evidence that the prolonged SARS-CoV-2 viral shedding time might be correlated with the patients’ epidemiological risk history, as well as the serum glucose and CD4/8 on admission, TNF-α and CD8 + T lymphocytes on the 3 rd day after treatment. Our result may help clinicians to distinguish the patients with a prolonged viral shedding time at the early stage.

scholarly journals Different Expressions of IL-1 TNF-α P-selectin mRNA by Endothelial Cells after Vein Thrombosis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiasheng Xu ◽  
Kaili Liao ◽  
Weimin Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Early Period ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Porcine Endothelial Cells

[Abstract]ObjectiveExperiments were designed to compare the expressions of IL-1 TNF-α P-selectin mRNA by porcine endothelial cells after vein thrombosis.MethodsIVC under the renal vein of 20 porcines were ligated to induce thrombosis modes. These thrombosed veins were divided into three groups:group A-one day after thrombosis, group B-four days after thrombosis and group C-seven days after thrombosis. The other pigs were given the shame operation as a contro group (group D). The mRNA levels of IL-1、 TNF-α and P-selectin expressed by porcine endothelial cells in three groups were analy sed by semi quantitative RT-PCR. Endothelial cells were harvested with collagenase II.ResultsThe purity of endothelial cells harvested was 99.42 ±0.07. The expression of IL-1 was detained only in group A while TNF-αreached its peak in group B(P<0.05) and P-selectin increased gradually with the days passing by(P<0.05).ConclusionEndothelial cells are not only the target cells of inflammatory mediators, but also can express a variety of active factors to promote venous thrombosis. Expression of TNF-α mRNA is increased gradually in the early period of vein thrombosis whileP-selectin in the acute period; IL-1 mRNA was transiently expressed only in the early stage of thrombosis.

scholarly journals Clinical Outcome Prediction in COVID-19 Patients by Lymphocyte Subsets Analysis and Monocytes’ iTNF-α Expression

Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 735
Author(s):  
Gabriele Madonna ◽  
Silvia Sale ◽  
Mariaelena Capone ◽  
Chiara De Falco ◽  
Valentina Santocchio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
T Lymphocyte ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Retrospective Assessment ◽  
Cd8 T Lymphocytes ◽  
Cd8 T Lymphocyte ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Cellular Mediators ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

In December 2019, a novel coronavirus, “SARS-CoV-2”, was recognized as the cause of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Several studies have explored the changes and the role of inflammatory cells and cytokines in the immunopathogenesis of the disease, but until today, the results have been controversial. Based on these premises, we conducted a retrospective assessment of monocyte intracellular TNF-α expression (iTNF-α) and on the frequencies of lymphocyte sub-populations in twenty-five patients with moderate/severe COVID-19. We found lymphopenia in all COVID-19 infected subjects compared to healthy subjects. On initial observation, in patients with favorable outcomes, we detected a high absolute eosinophil count and a high CD4+/CD8+ T lymphocytes ratio, while in the Exitus Group, we observed high neutrophil and CD8+ T lymphocyte counts. During infection, in patients with favorable outcomes, we observed a rise in the lymphocyte count, in the monocyte and in Treg lymphocyte counts, and in the CD4+ and in CD8+ T lymphocytes count but a reduction in the CD4+/CD8+ T lymphocyte ratio. Instead, in the Exitus Group, we observed a reduction in the Treg lymphocyte counts and a decrease in iTNF-α expression. Our preliminary findings point to a modulation of the different cellular mediators of the immune system, which probably play a key role in the outcomes of COVID-19.

A Comparative Study of Amalaki Choorna along with Madhu and Vata Twak Kashaya Yoni Pichu Dharana in the Management of Shweta Pradara

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Renuka M. Tenahalli
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Pathological Condition ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Group A ◽  
Phosphorus Iron ◽  
Group B ◽  
Busy Schedule ◽  
Iron And Calcium

Shweta Pradara (Leucorrhoea) is the disease which is characterized by vaginal white discharge. Vaginal white discharge this symptom is present in both physiological and pathological condition, when it becomes pathological it disturbs routine life style of the woman. Most of the women in the early stage will not express the symptoms because of hesitation and their busy schedule. If it is not treated it may leads to chronic diseases like PID (Garbhashaya Shotha etc.) Charaka mentioned Amalaki Choorna along with Madhu and Vata Twak Kashaya Yoni Pichu Dharana. This treatment is used in Shweta Pradara shown positive results, hence a study was under taken to assess its clinical efficacy. 30 diagnosed patients of Shweta Pradara were randomly selected, allocated in three groups. Group A and Group B received Amalaki Choorna with Madhu and Vata Twak Kashaya Yoni Pichu Dharana respectively and Group C received Amalaki Choorna with Madhu followed by Vata Twak Kashaya Yoni Pichu Dharana for 15 days. The patients were assessed for the severity of the symptoms subjectively and objectively before and after the treatment and at the end of the follow up. Data from each group were statistically analyzed and were compared. No side effects were noted and it may be considered as an effective alternative medicine in Shweta Pradara (leucorrhea). Amalaki is rich in natural source of vitamin C and contains phosphorus, iron and calcium. Honey contains carbohydrate, vitamin C, phosphorus iron and calcium. All together these help to increase Hb% and immunity. Vata Twak Kashaya contains tannin which helps to maintain normal pH of the vagina.

Influence of Gynecologic Oncologists on the Survival of Patients With Endometrial Cancer

2011 ◽  
Vol 29 (7) ◽  
pp. 832-838 ◽  
Author(s):  
John K. Chan ◽  
Alexander E. Sherman ◽  
Daniel S. Kapp ◽  
Ruxi Zhang ◽  
Kathryn E. Osann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endometrial Cancer ◽  
Advanced Disease ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Lower Grade ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
Group A ◽  
Advanced Stages ◽  
Staging Surgery ◽  
Group B

Purpose Despite a lack of evidence for survival benefit, the American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology has recommendations for referral to gynecologic oncologists for the treatment of endometrial cancer. Therefore, we propose to determine the influence of gynecologic oncologists on the treatment and survival of patients with endometrial cancer. Patients and Methods Data were obtained from Medicare and Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) databases from 1988 to 2005. Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazard methods were used for analyses. Results Of 18,338 women, 21.4% received care from gynecologic oncologists (group A) while 78.6% were treated by others (group B). Women in group A were older (age > 71 years: 49.6% v 44%; P < .001), had more lymph nodes (> 16) removed (22% v 17%; P < .001), presented with more advanced (stages III to IV) cancers (21.9% v 14.6%; P < .001), had higher-grade tumors (P < .001), and were more likely to receive chemotherapy for advanced disease (22.6% v 12.4%; P < .001). In those with stages II to IV disease, the 5-year disease-specific survival (DSS) of group A was 79% versus 73% in group B (P = .001). Moreover, in advanced-stage (III to IV) disease, group A had 5-year DSS of 72% versus 64% in group B (P < .001). However, no association with DSS was identified in stage I cancers. On multivariable analysis, younger age, early stage, lower grade, and treatment by gynecologic oncologists were independent prognostic factors for improved survival. Conclusion Patients with endometrial cancer treated by gynecologic oncologists were more likely to undergo staging surgery and receive adjuvant chemotherapy for advanced disease. Care provided by gynecologic oncologists improved the survival of those with high-risk cancers.

scholarly journals Telemanagement of Home-Isolated COVID-19 Patients Using Oxygen Therapy With Noninvasive Positive Pressure Ventilation and Physical Therapy Techniques: Randomized Clinical Trial (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aya Sedky Adly ◽  
Mahmoud Sedky Adly ◽  
Afnan Sedky Adly
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Physical Therapy ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trial ◽  
Health Care System ◽  
Oxygen Therapy ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

BACKGROUND With the growing stress on hospitals caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, the need for home-based solutions has become a necessity to support these overwhelmed hospitals. OBJECTIVE The goal of this study was to compare two nonpharmacological respiratory treatment methods for home-isolated COVID-19 patients using a newly developed telemanagement health care system. METHODS In this single-blinded randomized clinical trial, 60 patients with stage 1 pneumonia caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection were treated. Group A (n=30) received oxygen therapy with bilevel positive airway pressure (BiPAP) ventilation, and Group B (n=30) received osteopathic manipulative respiratory and physical therapy techniques. Arterial blood gases of PaO<sub>2</sub> and PaCO<sub>2</sub>, pH, vital signs (ie, temperature, respiratory rate, oxygen saturation, heart rate, and blood pressure), and chest computed tomography scans were used for follow-up and for assessment of the course and duration of recovery. RESULTS Analysis of the results showed a significant difference between the two groups (<i>P</i>&lt;.05), with Group A showing shorter recovery periods than Group B (mean 14.9, SD 1.7 days, and mean 23.9, SD 2.3 days, respectively). Significant differences were also observed between baseline and final readings in all of the outcome measures in both groups (<i>P</i>&lt;.05). Regarding posttreatment satisfaction with our proposed telemanagement health care system, positive responses were given by most of the patients in both groups. CONCLUSIONS It was found that home-based oxygen therapy with BiPAP can be a more effective prophylactic treatment approach than osteopathic manipulative respiratory and physical therapy techniques, as it can impede exacerbation of early-stage COVID-19 pneumonia. Telemanagement health care systems are promising methods to help in the pandemic-related shortage of hospital beds, as they showed reasonable effectiveness and reliability in the monitoring and management of patients with early-stage COVID-19 pneumonia. CLINICALTRIAL ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04368923; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04368923

scholarly journals Metabolic Tumor Volume for Early Response Assessment in Early-Stage Unfavorable Hodgkin Lymphoma Treated with Nivolumab in the GHSG Nivahl Phase II Trial

Blood ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 134 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 4020-4020
Author(s):  
Conrad-Amadeus Voltin ◽  
Jasmin Mettler ◽  
Horst Mueller ◽  
Michael Fuchs ◽  
Christian Baues ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Survival Data ◽  
Research Funding ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Response Assessment ◽  
Early Response ◽  
Percentage Change ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Deauville Score ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Background: Metabolic tumor volume (MTV) measured by FDG-PET/CT is becoming established as an independent risk factor for treatment failure in Hodgkin lymphoma (HL). Moreover, response to treatment with novel agents including checkpoint inhibitors may be better reflected by a decrease in MTV than by currently used response criteria. Our aim was to evaluate the early response to first-line HL treatment with the PD-1 inhibitor nivolumab using MTV. Methods: The analysis set included 59 patients with newly diagnosed, early-stage unfavorable HL treated within the prospective, multicenter, open label, randomized, phase II NIVAHL trial of the German Hodgkin Study Group (GHSG). Patients in NIVAHL were randomized to receive either four double cycles of nivolumab, doxorubicin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine (4x Nivo-AVD, group A, n=31) or a sequential therapy starting with 4x nivolumab monotherapy followed by 2xNivo-AVD and 2x AVD (group B, n=28). Early response to treatment was assessed at a 1st interim restaging after either 2x Nivo-AVD or 4x nivolumab. All NIVAHL patients who underwent PET at both initial staging and early response assessment, with images available to the central review panel for quantitative analysis before April 30th 2019, were included. MTV was calculated using a fixed SUV threshold of 4 for both staging and restaging. Results: Patient characteristics of the MTV analysis subset presented here did not differ in any relevant way from the overall NIVAHL trial population. Median age of the 59 patients was 27 years (range 18-57) with a female predominance (61%). All patients presented with stage II disease (IIB 27%) and ≥3 involved areas was the most common risk factor (75%) followed by elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (51%), extranodal disease (17%) and large mediastinal mass (14%). Mean MTV at initial staging was 124 ml (range 4 - 578 ml) and 177 ml (11 - 581 ml) in groups A and B, respectively. In both groups a marked decrease in MTV was observed at the 1st interim restaging (Figure 1): After 2x Nivo-AVD all patients in group A showed a reduction of MTV >80% (mean percentage change in MTV -99.8%). In group B a reduction of MTV >80% was observed in 26/28 patients (93%), while in 2/28 patients an increase <10% was observed (mean percentage change in MTV -91%; Figure 1). The mean residual MTV at interim restaging after 2x Nivo-AVD was 0.4 ml (range 0 - 8) in group A and 11 ml after 4x nivolumab in group B (range 0 - 176). The reduction of MTV was observed irrespective of initial MTV with a similar mean percentage change in patients above and below the median MTV in both groups. When applying the Deauville score, however, the number of patients presenting with a Deauville score ≥4 was higher in the group with an initial MTV above the median MTV than in the group where initial MTV lay below the median value. Using the Lugano criteria and a Deauville score of 4 or higher as cut-off for PET-positivity, early interim complete remission was observed in 81% of patients after 2xNivo-AVD, as compared to 51% after 4x nivolumab monotherapy. Further analyses regarding MTV and response at the 2nd and end-of-treatment restaging as well as survival data are not yet available due to limited follow-up. These data will be available at the time of presentation and shown at the meeting. Conclusions: Marked reductions of MTV demonstrate an excellent early efficacy for both 2x Nivo-AVD and 4x nivolumab as 1st-line therapy for early-stage unfavorable HL. The unexpectedly and previously unreported high MTV reduction with nivolumab monotherapy indicates a relevant potential of anti-PD1 mono- or debulking-therapy in the 1st-line treatment of early-stage unfavorable HL. Early interim response assessment based on MTV may help to identify HL patients treated with anti-PD1 antibodies in whom a significant reduction or even omission of chemotherapy could be considered. MTV appears to have the potential to accurately measure response to immune checkpoint inhibition. However, correlation of early MTV reduction with response at the end of treatment or with survival data is pending. Disclosures Borchmann: Novartis: Honoraria, Research Funding. Bröckelmann:Bristol-Myers Squibb: Honoraria, Other: Travel Support, Research Funding; Takeda: Consultancy, Honoraria, Other: Travel Support, Research Funding; MSD Sharpe & Dohme: Research Funding.

scholarly journals Can early surgery improve the outcome of patients with meconium peritonitis? A single-center experience over 16 years

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Jiang ◽  
Weihua Pan ◽  
Wenjie Wu ◽  
Weipeng Wang ◽  
Suna Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disease ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Early Operation ◽  
Meconium Peritonitis ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Abstract Background In the last century, meconium peritonitis(MP)was once a highly fatal gastrointestinal. disease With the development of fetal radiological technology, abnormal signs, such as pseudocysts, can. be detected during the fetal period so that more patients can be diagnosed prenatally and receive surgery. in the early stage of life. The survival rate of MP has increased up to 80% in recent years. According to. a review of the treatment and outcomes of patients diagnosed with MP, we evaluated the influence of. early operation on survival rate and discussed the risk factors of prognosis. Methods We collected 79 cases of patients diagnosed with MP who were treated in our department. from October 2001 to December 2017. They were divided into 2 groups. Patients in group A were born. in our hospital. Patients in group B were born in a local hospital with suspicion of MP and then transferred. to our department. Results The birth weight (BW) and gestational age (GA) of patients were higher in group A than in. group B. There was no significant difference in the proportion of premature and low birth weight (LBW). patients between the two groups (p = 0.422, p = 0.970). Their age at the time of surgery was younger in. group A than in group B (1.4 ± 2.0 vs. 6.9 ± 14.9, p < 0.001). The overall survival rate of group A was higher. than that of group B (95.0% vs. 79.5%, p = 0.038). The prognosis of premature patients was worse than. that of full-term infants for both groups (p = 0.012). Conclusions Prematurity is a significant risk factor related to death for MP patients. The survival rate. of MP patients can be improved by early operation during the neonatal period.

CD4+ AND CD8+ T-lymphocytes in endometrium and their role in early stage miscarriages

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 214-219
Author(s):  
I.O. Zhukova ◽  
◽  
O.P. Lebedeva ◽  
O.N. Ivashova ◽  
S.P. Pakhomov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Cd8 T Lymphocytes

The Effects of Moxibustion on Serum Interleukins and T Cell Subset in H.polyri Infected Rats

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-45
Author(s):  
Jing Shen ◽  
Yan Peng ◽  
Dong-Mei Shi ◽  
Yin-Shuai Feng ◽  
Yan-Ling Hou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Mucosa ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Intragastric Administration ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Model Group ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Group A ◽  
Histomorphological Changes ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group D

Abstract Objective: to observe the effects of moxibustion on histomorphological changes of gastric mucosa, as well as on serum IL-6、IL-8、TNF-α，Hp IgG、CD3+、CD4+、CD8+ in helicobacter pylori (Hp) infected rats, so that to better understand how the moxibustion repairs the Hp- induced gastric mucosal injury. Methods: 40 SD rats were randomly assigned to four groups: group A (blank control), group B (Hp infection model), group C (moxibustion plus model), group D (electro-acupuncture plus model), 10 for each group. The “NaHCO3 plus Indometacin and Hp intragastric administration” method was employed to make gastritis model. Acupoints selected for “repair” purpose were Zu San Li (ST36), Zhong Wan (CV12), Guan Yuan (RN4), Pi Shu (BL20), Wei Shu(BL21). The histomorphological changes of gastric mucosa in rats were observed under light microscope after HE stain; IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, Hp IgG values were evaluated by ELISA method; values of CD3+、CD4+、CD8+、CD4+/CD8+ were measured by flow cytometry method. Results: compared with group A, the values of IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, Hp IgG and CD8+ in group B were increased（P＜0.01）, whereas the values of CD3+、CD4+、CD4+/CD8+ were decreased（P＜0.01）. Compared with group B, the values of IL-8（P＜0.05）,TNF-α（P＜0.05）, IL-6（P＜0.01）, Hp IgG（P＜0.01） and CD8+ （P＜0.05） in group C were decreased, whereas the values of CD3+（P＜0.05）,CD4+（P＜0.05）,CD4+/CD8+ （P＜0.05） were increased, meanwhile such values in group D had no significant changes. Compared with group D, the values of IL-6（P＜0.05）,IL-8 （P＜0.05）and Hp IgG （P＜0.01）in group C were decreased, whereas CD4+/CD8+（P＜0.05）were increased, all those changes had statistical significance. Conclusion: the preventive and therapeutic effects of moxibustion on Hp related gastritis might be realized by two ways- to inhibit the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α, or to regulate the production of immune factors (such as up-regulation of CD3+, CD4+ and down-regulation of CD8+).

Circulating Cytokines as Biological Indicators for PE and Ceramics Articulations

2007 ◽  
Vol 361-363 ◽  
pp. 1323-1326
Author(s):  
Silvana Fiorito ◽  
Laura Magrini ◽  
Robert Streicher
Keyword(s):  
Hip Prosthesis ◽  
Ultrahigh Molecular Weight Polyethylene ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Biological Indicators ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Hip Prosthesis Implantation ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Circulating Cytokines

We studied the role of cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6,IL-1β, TGF-β) as markers of osteolysis in patients who underwent to a hip prosthesis implantation subdivided in two groups: group A with an ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) insert articulating against a metal ball head , and group B with an all alumina ceramic combination. Profibrogenic (TGF-β) and pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6,IL-1β) are secreted by the periprosthetic synovial-like fibrous membrane in hip artificial implants. They are secreted by inflammatory activated cells and trigger the cascade of biochemical events leading to the activation of osteoclasts and bone resorption. A statistically significant increase of TGF-β serum levels was observed between TGF-β values in implanted patients as compared to normal subjects and between TGF-β values after versus before implantation in Group A. A progressive decrease in TNF-α and IL-6 serum levels has been observed in both Groups, when compared with the initial values before the implantation. IL-1β levels decreased up to 60 months after the implantation Our data suggest that monitoring circulating cytokines could be a good indicator for the proliferation and activity of the periprosthetic synovial-like membrane and potential osteolysis. This could allow for an adequate early treatment.

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