scholarly journals Simulative investigation of wind turbine gearbox loads during power converter fault

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julian Röder ◽  
Georg Jacobs ◽  
Tobias Duda ◽  
Dennis Bosse ◽  
Fabian Herzog
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Rotational Velocity ◽  
Power Production ◽  
Power Converter ◽  
Wind Turbine Gearbox ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
Torque Load ◽  
Dynamic Generator ◽  
Component Failures

AbstractThree phase short circuit power converter faults in wind turbines (WT) result in highly dynamic generator torque reversals, which lead to load reversals within the drivetrain. Dynamic load reversals in combination with changing rotational speeds are, for example, critical for smearing within roller bearings. Therefore, an investigation of the correlation between three phase short circuit converter faults and drivetrain component failures is necessary.Due to the risk of damage and the resulting costs, it is not economically feasible to extensively investigate three phase short circuit converter faults on test benches. Valid WT drivetrain models can be used instead. A WT drivetrain model, which has been developed and validated in a national project at the CWD, is used and a three phase short circuit converter fault is implemented. In this paper, the resulting torque load on the drivetrain for a three phase short circuit converter fault in rated power production is presented. This converter fault leads to a highly dynamic reversing electromagnetic torque which exceeds the rated torque by a factor of three. As a result the load on the rotor side high speed shaft (HSS) bearing oscillates and increases by around 15 per cent compared to rated power production. Simultaneously the rotational velocity of the HSS oscillates with an amplitude of 10 rpm. Therefore an increase in the risk of smearing is expected.

scholarly journals Investigation of Dynamic Loads in Wind Turbine Drive Trains Due to Grid and Power Converter Faults

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (24) ◽  
pp. 8542
Author(s):  
Julian Röder ◽  
Georg Jacobs ◽  
Tobias Duda ◽  
Dennis Bosse ◽  
Fabian Herzog
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Power Converter ◽  
Wind Turbine Gearbox ◽  
Wind Turbine Gearbox Bearings ◽  
Grid Connection ◽  
Drive Trains ◽  
Electrical Faults ◽  
Doubly Fed ◽  
Component Loading

Electrical faults can lead to transient and dynamic excitations of the electromagnetic generator torque in wind turbines. The fast changes in the generator torque lead to load oscillations and rapid changes in the speed of rotation. The combination of dynamic load reversals and changing rotational speeds can be detrimental to gearbox components. This paper shows, via simulation, that the smearing risk increases due to the electrical faults for cylindrical roller bearings on the high speed shaft of a wind turbine research nacelle. A grid fault was examined for the research nacelle with a doubly fed induction generator concept. Furthermore, a converter fault was analyzed for the full size converter concept. Both wind turbine grid connection concepts used the same mechanical drive train. Thus, the mechanical component loading was comparable. During the grid fault, the risk of smearing increased momentarily by a maximum of around 1.8 times. During the converter fault, the risk of smearing increased by around 4.9 times. Subsequently, electrical faults increased the risk of damage to the wind turbine gearbox bearings, especially on the high speed stage.

DESIGN AND MICROCONTROLLER IMPLEMENTATION OF A THREE PHASE SCR POWER CONVERTER

1996 ◽  
Vol 06 (06) ◽  
pp. 619-633 ◽  
Author(s):  
RICHARD W. WALL ◽  
HERBERT L. HESS
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Power Converter ◽  
Current Control ◽  
Zero Crossing ◽  
Noise Rejection ◽  
Component Design ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
Single Processor

A single processor controls a three phase silicon controlled rectifier (SCR) power converter. An inexpensive, dual optoisolator interface to the power line provides noise rejection and an improved measure of the zero crossing. A dynamic digital phase-locked loop (PLL) algorithm implemented in an Intel 87C196KD-20 processor achieves frequency tracking, dynamically changing characteristics for improved performance. Dynamically modifying the PLL characteristics permits independent capture and locked dynamics. A feedforward method provides command tracking for improved response without loss of performance. This three-component design (processor, optoisolator, and SCR gate drivers) represents a minimal implementation with potential for closed loop voltage and current control. High speed input and output resources included on the 87C196KD processor make an efficient single-device implementation possible. The processor is less than 1% utilized allowing for additional functions to be added in the future. This system operates on both 50 Hz and 60 Hz power systems without modification or loss of performance.

An Airborne High Temperature SiC Power Converter for Medium Power Smart Electro Mechanical Actuators

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 (HITEC) ◽  
pp. 000388-000393
Author(s):  
Dominique Bergogne ◽  
Fabien Dubois ◽  
Christian Martin ◽  
Khalil El Falahi ◽  
Luong Viet Phung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Power Converter ◽  
Nano Crystalline ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
Power Switches ◽  
Core Components ◽  
Power Inductors ◽  
Bus Voltage ◽  
Electro Magnetic

Normally-On Silicon Carbide (SiC) JFETs are good candidates for power switches in high temperature applications, in Three-Phase Voltage-Fed Inverters used to drive Electro-Mechanical Actuators (EMA) for the more electrical aircraft where the ambient varies from −55 °C to 200 °C. The power of the EMA is in the 1 to 5 kW range, the DC bus voltage is 540 V. It is also necessary to implement passive subsystems such as Electro-Magnetic-Interference (EMI) filters, power inductors, transformers, packaging and interconnection solution that withstand the wide temperature range. The gate driver for normally-On devices must include a safe solution against short-circuit in the event of a power supply failure. The experimental converter is built using engineering samples such as SiC JFETs, SOI drivers and laboratory made components such as inductive wire wound, nano-crystalline core components, SOI integrated driver, assembled with a high temperature package and technology. Finally, the Smart EMA test bench is presented.

scholarly journals Potential of Slip Synchronous Wind Turbine Systems: Grid Support and Mechanical Load Mitigation

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (16) ◽  
pp. 4995
Author(s):  
Dillan Kyle Ockhuis ◽  
Maarten Kamper
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Dynamic Stability ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Mechanical Load ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Power Converter ◽  
Grid Services ◽  
Grid Codes

Wind power penetration into existing electrical power systems continues to experience year-on-year growth. Consequently, modern wind turbine systems (WTS) are required to comply with relevant grid codes and provide ancillary grid services to assist with overall grid stability. Adhering to these grid codes and services can cause additional mechanical loading on WTS, which can result in a reduction in service life of some of the drivetrain components, and instability if a sufficient means of damping is not present in the drivetrain. In this paper, a dynamic simulation model of a Type 1, direct grid-connected, fixed-speed (FS) slip-synchronous wind turbine system (SS-WTS) is developed to investigate its dynamic stability in response to the additional mechanical loads imparted onto it during transient events on the grid. The SS-WTS is not equipped with a power converter and, consequently, an understanding of its dynamic stability is critical to evaluate its ability to assist with grid services and maintain stability during transient grid conditions such as low-voltage ride-through (LVRT) events. An analytical transfer function model of a 1.5 MW geared direct grid-connected SS-WTS was derived and implemented in MATLAB/Simulink. It was found that the SS technology provides significant damping to the WTS drivetrain while maintaining dynamic stability during a severe LVRT event. Moreover, it was found that the degree of damping is directly proportional to the value of rated slip, and that high-speed drivetrains provide a greater degree of damping for a given value of rated slip. Furthermore, it is shown that the SS-WTS has the ability to assist with grid services such as primary frequency response, short-circuit strength, and reactive power compensation.

Advance Protection for Three Phase Induction Motor using Microcontroller Atmega32

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 172
Author(s):  
Karan S Belsare ◽  
Gajanan D Patil
Keyword(s):  
Induction Motor ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Cost Factor ◽  
Protection Scheme ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
The Cost

A low cost and reliable protection scheme has been designed for a three phase induction motor against unbalance voltages, under voltage, over voltage, short circuit and overheating protection. Taking the cost factor into consideration the design has been proposed using microcontroller Atmega32, MOSFETs, relays, small CTs and PTs. However the sensitivity of the protection scheme has been not compromised. The design has been tested online in the laboratory for small motors and the same can be implemented for larger motors by replacing the i-v converters and relays of suitable ratings.

Direct Current Deadbeat Predictive Controller for BLDC Motor Using Single DC-Link Current Sensor

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (8A) ◽  
pp. 1187-1199
Author(s):  
Qaed M. Ali ◽  
Mohammed M. Ezzalden
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Fast Response ◽  
Bldc Motor ◽  
Current Controller ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
Predictive Controller ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
Dc Current ◽  
Three Phase Inverter

BLDC motors are characterized by electronic commutation, which is performed by using an electric three-phase inverter. The direct control system of the BLDC motor consists of double loops; including the inner-loop for current regulating and outer-loop for speed control. The operation of the current controller requires feedback of motor currents; the conventional current controller uses two current sensors on the ac side of the inverter to measure the currents of two phases, while the third current would be accordingly calculated. These two sensors should have the same characteristics, to achieve balanced current measurements. It should be noted that the sensitivity of these sensors changes with time. In the case of one sensor fails, both of them must be replaced. To overcome this problem, it is preferable to use one sensor instead of two. The proposed control system is based on a deadbeat predictive controller, which is used to regulate the DC current of the BLDC motor. Such a controller can be considered as digital controller mode, which has fast response, high precision and can be easily implemented with microprocessor. The proposed control system has been simulated using Matlab software, and the system is tested at a different operating condition such as low speed and high speed.

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