Inverse modeling of natural tracer transport in a granite massif with lumped-parameter and physically based models: case study of a tunnel in Czechia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleš Balvín ◽  
Milan Hokr ◽  
Klára Šteklová ◽  
Petr Rálek
Keyword(s):  
Inverse Modeling ◽  
Tracer Transport ◽  
Granite Massif ◽  
Lumped Parameter ◽  
Physically Based ◽  
Physically Based Models ◽  
Natural Tracer

scholarly journals Evaluating performances of simplified physically based models for landslide susceptibility

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 13217-13256 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Formetta ◽  
G. Capparelli ◽  
P. Versace
Keyword(s):  
Landslide Susceptibility ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Shallow Landslides ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Test Case ◽  
Susceptibility Analysis ◽  
Physically Based ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Physically Based Models

Abstract. Rainfall induced shallow landslides cause loss of life and significant damages involving private and public properties, transportation system, etc. Prediction of shallow landslides susceptible locations is a complex task that involves many disciplines: hydrology, geotechnical science, geomorphology, and statistics. Usually to accomplish this task two main approaches are used: statistical or physically based model. Reliable models' applications involve: automatic parameters calibration, objective quantification of the quality of susceptibility maps, model sensitivity analysis. This paper presents a methodology to systemically and objectively calibrate, verify and compare different models and different models performances indicators in order to individuate and eventually select the models whose behaviors are more reliable for a certain case study. The procedure was implemented in package of models for landslide susceptibility analysis and integrated in the NewAge-JGrass hydrological model. The package includes three simplified physically based models for landslides susceptibility analysis (M1, M2, and M3) and a component for models verifications. It computes eight goodness of fit indices by comparing pixel-by-pixel model results and measurements data. Moreover, the package integration in NewAge-JGrass allows the use of other components such as geographic information system tools to manage inputs-output processes, and automatic calibration algorithms to estimate model parameters. The system was applied for a case study in Calabria (Italy) along the Salerno-Reggio Calabria highway, between Cosenza and Altilia municipality. The analysis provided that among all the optimized indices and all the three models, the optimization of the index distance to perfect classification in the receiver operating characteristic plane (D2PC) coupled with model M3 is the best modeling solution for our test case.

scholarly journals Building physically based models for assessing rainfall-induced shallow landslide hazard at catchment scale: case study of the Sorrento Peninsula (Italy)

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (9) ◽  
pp. 1291-1303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brunella Balzano ◽  
Alessandro Tarantino ◽  
Marco Valerio Nicotera ◽  
Giovanni Forte ◽  
Melania de Falco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Flow ◽  
Water Pressure ◽  
Computational Cost ◽  
Shallow Landslide ◽  
Landslide Hazard ◽  
Catchment Scale ◽  
Physically Based ◽  
Physically Based Models ◽  
Sorrento Peninsula

The assessment of rainfall-induced shallow landslide hazards at the catchment scale poses a significant challenge. Traditional empirical approaches for landslide hazard assessment often assume that conditions having caused failure in the past will not change in the future. This assumption may not hold in a climate change scenario. Physically based models (PBMs) therefore represent the natural approach to include changing climate effects. PBMs would in principle require the combination of a three-dimensional (3-D) mechanical and water-flow model. However, a full 3-D finite element model at the catchment scale, with relatively small elements required to capture the pore-water pressure gradients, would have a significant computational cost. For this reason, simplifications to the mechanical (i.e., infinite slope) and water-flow models (i.e., one-dimensional or hybrid 3-D) are introduced, often based on a priori assumptions and not corroborated by experimental evidence. The paper presents a methodology to build a PBM in a bottom-up fashion based on geological surveys and geotechnical investigation. The PBM is initially set as simple as possible and then moved to a higher level of complexity if the model is not capable of simulating past landslide events. The approach is presented for the case study of Sorrento Peninsula and two main landslide events recorded during the winter of 1996–1997.

scholarly journals On the residual strength of aging cast iron trunk mains: Physically-based models for asset failure

2016 ◽  
Vol 663 ◽  
pp. 204-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azadeh Fahimi ◽  
Timothy S. Evans ◽  
Jeff Farrow ◽  
David A. Jesson ◽  
Mike J. Mulheron ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cast Iron ◽  
Residual Strength ◽  
Physically Based ◽  
Physically Based Models

scholarly journals StreamFlow 1.0: an extension to the spatially distributed snow model Alpine3D for hydrological modelling and deterministic stream temperature prediction

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 4491-4519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aurélien Gallice ◽  
Mathias Bavay ◽  
Tristan Brauchli ◽  
Francesco Comola ◽  
Michael Lehning ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Source Code ◽  
Stream Temperature ◽  
Object Oriented Programming ◽  
Temperature Prediction ◽  
Uncertainty Estimates ◽  
Physically Based ◽  
Snow Model ◽  
Alpine Catchments ◽  
Alpine Rivers

Abstract. Climate change is expected to strongly impact the hydrological and thermal regimes of Alpine rivers within the coming decades. In this context, the development of hydrological models accounting for the specific dynamics of Alpine catchments appears as one of the promising approaches to reduce our uncertainty of future mountain hydrology. This paper describes the improvements brought to StreamFlow, an existing model for hydrological and stream temperature prediction built as an external extension to the physically based snow model Alpine3D. StreamFlow's source code has been entirely written anew, taking advantage of object-oriented programming to significantly improve its structure and ease the implementation of future developments. The source code is now publicly available online, along with a complete documentation. A special emphasis has been put on modularity during the re-implementation of StreamFlow, so that many model aspects can be represented using different alternatives. For example, several options are now available to model the advection of water within the stream. This allows for an easy and fast comparison between different approaches and helps in defining more reliable uncertainty estimates of the model forecasts. In particular, a case study in a Swiss Alpine catchment reveals that the stream temperature predictions are particularly sensitive to the approach used to model the temperature of subsurface flow, a fact which has been poorly reported in the literature to date. Based on the case study, StreamFlow is shown to reproduce hourly mean discharge with a Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) of 0.82 and hourly mean temperature with a NSE of 0.78.

scholarly journals Performance of the dynamically dimensioned search algorithm: influence of parameter initialization strategy when calibrating a physically based hydrological model

2017 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 971-988 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franck Lespinas ◽  
Ashu Dastoor ◽  
Vincent Fortin
Keyword(s):  
Search Algorithm ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Initial Parameter ◽  
Cost Strategy ◽  
Physically Based ◽  
Physically Based Models ◽  
Calibration Solution ◽  
Low Cost Strategy ◽  
Parameter Values ◽  
Initialization Strategy

Abstract This study presents an evaluation of the performance of the dynamically dimensioned search (DDS) algorithm when calibrating the hydrological component of the Visualizing Ecosystems for Land Management Assessments (VELMA) ecohydrological model. Two calibration strategies were tested for the initial parameter values: (1) a ‘high-cost strategy’, where 100 sets of initial parameter values were randomly chosen within the overall parameter space, and (2) a ‘low-cost strategy’, where a unique set of initial parameter values was derived from the available field data. Both strategies were tested for six different values of the maximum number of model evaluations ranging between 100 and 10,000. Results revealed that DDS is able to converge rapidly to a good parameter calibration solution of the VELMA hydrological component regardless of the parameter initialization strategy used. The accuracy and convergence efficiency of the DDS algorithm were, however, slightly better for the low-cost strategy. This study suggests that initializing the parameter values of complex physically based models using information on the watershed characteristics can increase the efficiency of the automatic calibration procedures.

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