Study of nasopharyngeal bacterial flora. Second report. Variations in nasopharyngeal bacterial flora in children aged 6 years or younger when administered antimicrobial agents. Part 2

The aerobic and anaerobic flora from gingival pockets of 40 cats with established gingivitis were cultured. The susceptibility of each isolate to four antimicrobial agents currently approved for use in cats (amoxicillin-clavulanic acid; clindamycin; cefadroxil; enrofloxacin) was determined. Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (Clavamox®) had the highest in-vitro susceptibility against all isolates (92%) and all anaerobes (99% [co-equal with clindamycin]) tested; enrofloxacin (Baytril®) had the highest in-vitro susceptibility against all aerobes (90%) tested.

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The Role of Bacterial Interference in Otitis, Sinusitis and Tonsillitis

Otolaryngology ◽

10.1016/j.otohns.2005.03.012 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 133 (1) ◽

pp. 139-146 ◽

Cited By ~ 57

Author(s):

Itzhak Brook

Keyword(s):

Respiratory Tract ◽

Respiratory Tract Infections ◽

Antimicrobial Agents ◽

Bacterial Flora ◽

Upper Respiratory Tract ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Upper Respiratory ◽

Tract Infections ◽

Bacterial Interference

Bacterial interactions that include antagonism (interference) and synergism help maintain balance between the members of the normal endogenous flora. Alpha-streptococci that predominate in the normal respiratory tract flora attracted most attention in studies of bacterial interference. Other organisms that possess interfering characteristics in upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs) are nonhemolytic streptococci, and Prevotella and Peptostreptococcus spp. The production of bacteriocins by some microorganisms is one of the important mechanisms of interference. The role of bacterial interference in the development of URTI and its effect on the eradication of these infections is discussed. These infections include pharyngo-tonsillitis, otitis media, and sinusitis. Treatment with various antimicrobial agents can affect the balance between members of the oro-pharyngeal bacterial flora and interfering organisms. Implantation into the indigenous microflora of low virulence bacterial strains that are potentially capable of interfering with colonization and infection with other more virulent organisms has been used in preliminary studies as a means of coping with the failure of antimicrobials in the treatment of several URTI.

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A single intramuscular dose of ceftriaxone changes nasopharyngeal bacterial flora in children with acute otitis media

Acta Paediatrica ◽

10.1111/j.1651-2227.2000.tb00757.x ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 89 (11) ◽

pp. 1316-1321 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

T Heikkinen ◽

KA Saeed ◽

DP McCormick ◽

C Baldwin ◽

BS Reisner ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Otitis Media ◽

Bacterial Flora ◽

Acute Otitis Media ◽

Intramuscular Dose ◽

Nasopharyngeal Bacterial Flora

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Effects of Amoxicillin and Cefdinir on Nasopharyngeal Bacterial Flora

Archives of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery ◽

10.1001/archotol.131.9.785 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 131 (9) ◽

pp. 785 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Itzhak Brook ◽

Alan E. Gober

Keyword(s):

Bacterial Flora ◽

Nasopharyngeal Bacterial Flora

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A Study of the Nasopharyngeal Bacterial Flora of Different Groups of Persons Observed in London and South-East England During the Years 1930 to 1937

Journal of the American Medical Association ◽

10.1001/jama.1940.02810240064031 ◽

1940 ◽

Vol 114 (24) ◽

pp. 2410

Keyword(s):

Bacterial Flora ◽

Nasopharyngeal Bacterial Flora ◽

South East England

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Isolation and antibiogram of aerobic nasal bacterial flora of apparently healthy West African dwarf goats and sheep in Abeokuta Area, Ogun State

Nigerian Journal of Animal Production ◽

10.51791/njap.v44i4.628 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 44 (4) ◽

pp. 81-90

Author(s):

F. O. Olufemi ◽

O. B. Keinde ◽

P. A. Akinduti ◽

O. A Odunfa

Keyword(s):

Pasteurella Multocida ◽

Antimicrobial Agents ◽

Bacterial Species ◽

Bacterial Flora ◽

Small Ruminants ◽

Occurrence Rate ◽

Ogun State ◽

Gram Staining ◽

Bacillus Spp ◽

Apparently Healthy

Studies conducted on the bacterial flora of the respiratory tract in goats or sheep focused on the clinically ill, with fewer studies on the apparently healthy goats and sheep and the antibiogram of isolated organisms. This study was carried out on apparently healthy 54 goats and 43 sheep. A total of seven different bacterial species were isolated from the upper respiratory tracts of the apparently healthy small ruminants using colonial morphology, gram staining and biochemical characterization.Antibiotic sensitivity of the bacterial isolates was performed against 10 commonly prescribed antimicrobial agents and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the antibiotics was conducted. The overall occurrence rate of bacteria isolated are Pseudomonas spp (42.0% in caprine and 27.3% in ovine); Bacillus spp (36.9%, caprine; 40%, ovine); Mannheima spp, (9.2%, caprine; 23.6%, ovine); Escherichia coli (7.6%, caprine; 9.1%, ovine); Staphylococcus spp (2.5%, caprine); Pasteurellaspp(0.8%, caprine) and Streptococcus spp (0.8%, caprine). The isolation of Pasteurella multocida and Mannheimia haemolytica from the nasal cavity of apparently healthy goats and sheep in this study reflects their possible role in most common respiratory diseases encountered in these small ruminants. All the 174 (100%) isolates were resistant to Amoxicillin and 161 (92.5%) were resistant to Ceftriaxone. One hundred and sixty-eight (96.6%) isolates were sensitive to Ofloxacin and 140 (80.5%) were sensitive to both Gentamycin and Ciprofloxacin and 135 (77.6%) were sensitive to Perfloxin. Staphaureus was resistant to all the antibiotics used except Amoxicillin hence only Amoxicillin can be used for its treatment, while most isolates were susceptible to the antimicrobials tested, as demonstrated by higher MIC value. The emergence of antibiotic resistance to these pathogens may increase infectious disease burdens and make the rapeutic treatment more expensive.

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The Impact of Acne Treatment on Skin Bacterial Microbiota: A Systematic Review

Journal of Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery ◽

10.1177/12034754211037994 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 120347542110379

Author(s):

Megan Lam ◽

Angie Hu ◽

Patrick Fleming ◽

Charles W. Lynde

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Agents ◽

Bacterial Flora ◽

Antimicrobial Properties ◽

Alpha Diversity ◽

Individual Variability ◽

Cochrane Central Register ◽

Microbiome Composition ◽

Cutibacterium Acnes ◽

Acne Treatment ◽

The Impact

Background Microbial strains such as Cutibacterium acnes have been examined as contributors to the pathogenesis of acne. Given the prevalence of the disease among adolescents and adults, the overutilization of antimicrobial agents may breed resistance and alter commensal microflora. Objectives To characterize the impact of acne treatment on the diversity and relative abundance of the cutaneous microbial community, particularly of the bacterial flora Methods An electronic search was conducted of Embase, MEDLINE, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) on June 5, 2020. Interventional and observational studies examining patients receiving acne treatment with culture-independent, community-level analysis of the cutaneous microbiome were included. Results Nine studies with 170 treated acne patients were included. Five studies reported a significant change in alpha diversity following treatment, 3 of which examining systemic antibiotics reported significant increases in diversity. Two of 3 studies examining effects of benzoyl peroxide reported a decrease in diversity. However, trends in diversity were heterogeneous among studies. Conclusions While individual variability in microbiome composition, and study-level heterogeneity in study sampling techniques may limit quantitative synthesis, our results support findings that acne treatment, including those not considered to have antimicrobial properties, alters the composition of the cutaneous microbiome. PROSPERO registration: CRD42020190629

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