Rice genotype and fertilizer management for improving rice productivity under saline soil conditions

A field experiment was carried out at Khaled Ibn El-waleed village, Sahl El-Hussinia, El-Sharkia Governorate, Egypt, during two summer seasons 2019 and 2020 to study the effect of NPK nanofertilizers, biofertilizers and humic acid combined with or without mineral fertilizers different at rates on some soil physical properties and soybean productivity and quality under saline soil conditions. The treatments consisted of: NPK-chitosan, NPK-Ca, humic acid, biofertilzer and control (mineral NPK only). In both seasons, the experiment was carried out in a split plot design with three replicates. The results indicated a significant increase in the soybean yield parameters as compared to control. There was also a significant increase in dry and water stable aggregates in all treatments as compared to control. The treatment NPK-Chitosan was the best in improving dry and stable aggregates. Also, hydraulic conductivity and total porosity values were significantly increased in all treatments due to increase in soil aggregation and porosity that led to increase in values of hydraulic conductivity. Values of bulk density were decreased, the lowest values of bulk density were found in NPK-chitosan treatment as a result of the high concentration of organic matter resulted from NPK-chitosan is much lighter in weight than the mineral fraction in soils. Accordingly, the increase in the organic fraction decreases the total weight and bulk density of the soil. Concerning soil moisture constants, all treatments significantly increased field capacity and available water compared to control. This increase was due to improvement of the soil aggregates and pores spaces which allowed the free movement of water within the soil thereby, increasing the moisture content at field capacity.

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Justification of elements of rice cultivation technology

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/202017501006 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 175 ◽

pp. 01006 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Nadezhda Malysheva ◽

Anna Khadzhidi ◽

Evgeny Kuznetsov ◽

Noureldin Sharaby ◽

Alexander Koltsov

Keyword(s):

Soil Fertility ◽

Crop Rotation ◽

Rice Variety ◽

Sprinkler Irrigation ◽

Rice Fields ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Rice Crop ◽

Soil Conditions ◽

Rice Productivity ◽

The Impact

The purpose of the research is to identify the impact of sprinkler irrigation in rice crop rotation on rice productivity and soil fertility of irrigated lands of the Krasnodar region. To achieve this goal, the tasks of studying the density of weed seedlings after sprinkler irrigation, the content of water-soluble salts and humus in the soil of rice fields, and the reaction of an intensive variety of rice cultivated after irrigation and drainage techniques in rice fields were completed. Material and methods. Field studies were carried out on the Kuban irrigation system of the Krasnodar territory, which is the most typical in terms of soil conditions for the western climatic zone of the region, with various variants for sprinkler irrigation after major planning of basins. An intensive of Rapan rice variety was used. The methods of the Federal Research Center for Rice, the Kuban State Agrarian University, and Russian standards were applied. Conclusions, the obtained results of the conducted studies prove the effectiveness of sprinkler irrigation in rice crop rotation, increase soil fertility, rice productivity, and contribute to the production of environmentally friendly products without herbicides treatment.

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Spatial distributions of inorganic ions and sugars contributing to osmotic adjustment in the elongating wheat leaf under saline soil conditions

Functional Plant Biology ◽

10.1071/pp97162 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 25 (5) ◽

pp. 591 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

Yuncai Hu ◽

Urs Schmidhalter

Keyword(s):

Osmotic Adjustment ◽

Saline Soil ◽

Inorganic Ions ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Soil Conditions ◽

Spatial Distributions ◽

Elongation Zone ◽

Leaf Base ◽

Deposition Rates ◽

Wheat Leaf

In this study, we quantified the spatial distributions of inorganic ions and sugars contributing to osmotic adjustment and their net deposition rates in the elongating and mature zones of leaf 4 of the main stem of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Lona) during its linear growth phase under saline soil conditions. Plants were grown in growth chambers in soil irrigated/treated with nutrient solution containing either no added or 120 mM NaCl. The sampling was conducted on the 3rd day after emergence of leaf 4 at 3 and 13 h into the 16 h photoperiod. The patterns of spatial distributions of total osmoticum, cation, anion and sugar contents (mmol kg-1 H2O) were distinct and were affected by salinity. The total osmoticum content in the region between 0 and 60 mm above the leaf base differed between the two harvests at 120 mM NaCl. Net deposition rates of total osmotica, cations, anions, and sugars (mmol kg-1 H2O h-1) in both treatments increased from the base of the leaf to the most actively elongating location and then decreased near the end of the elongation zone. Contributions of cations, anions, and sugars to osmotic adjustment varied with distance from the leaf base, and were about 21–30, 15–21, and 13%, respectively, in the elongation zone. We suggest that the accumulation of solutes under saline conditions occurs both by increasing the net deposition rate of osmotica and by reducing growth.

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The Process of Germination in Australian Species

Australian Journal of Botany ◽

10.1071/bt98007 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 47 (4) ◽

pp. 475 ◽

Cited By ~ 129

Author(s):

David T. Bell

Keyword(s):

Seed Coat ◽

Saline Soil ◽

Environmental Parameters ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Soil Conditions ◽

Light Sensing ◽

Australian Species ◽

Biochemical Sensing ◽

Seed Coats ◽

Soluble Components

Australian species germinate under the combination of environmental conditions where the potential for survival is enhanced. Most species also have dormancy mechanisms that prevent all seeds from germinating in any particular rainfall event. Immaturity of the embryo prevents some species from germinating until environmental parameters change to more favourable conditions. Seed-coat inhibitors may also delay germination, with some seed requiring ingestion and dispersal by animals or a series of rainfall cycles to facilitate germination. Adaptations to fire include germination mechanisms facilitated by impervious seed coats, seed-coat inhibitors and biochemical sensing of water-soluble components of smoke and the high soil nitrate levels found following the burning of vegetation. Germination is generally limited under saline soil conditions until rainfall dilutes concentrations to near-zero water potentials. Australian species tend to germinate under temperatures that approximate the rainfall season in their native habitat. Light sensing by Australian species ensures germination takes place only near the surface for some species or only under complete burial conditions in others. More recent research has emphasised the interaction of multiple and sequential cues to relieve dormancy and initiate germination. Knowledge of germination mechanisms provides a basis for better land management, enriched conservation, improved rehabilitation and advanced horticulture, forestry and farming practices.

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