Conversion of Norway spruce forests in the face of climate change: a case study in Central Europe

2017 ◽  
Vol 136 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 1013-1028 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomáš Hlásny ◽  
Ivan Barka ◽  
Joerg Roessiger ◽  
Ladislav Kulla ◽  
Jiří Trombik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Spruce Forests ◽  
The Face

Mismatch between the optimal ages for ecosystem productivity and net CO2 sequestration in Norway spruce forests

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junbin Zhao ◽  
Holger Lange ◽  
Helge Meissner
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Primary Production ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Ecosystem Respiration ◽  
Gross Primary Production ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Sink Strength ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
Ecosystem Productivity ◽  
Spruce Forests

<p>Forests have climate change mitigation potential since they sequester carbon. However, their carbon sink strength might depend on management. As a result of the balance between CO<sub>2</sub> uptake and emission, forest net ecosystem exchange (NEE) reaches optimal values (maximum sink strength) at young stand ages, followed by a gradual NEE decline over many years. Traditionally, this peak of NEE is believed to be concurrent with the peak of primary production (e.g., gross primary production, GPP); however, in theory, this concurrence may potentially vary depending on tree species, site conditions and the patterns of ecosystem respiration (R<sub>eco</sub>). In this study, we used eddy-covariance (EC)-based CO<sub>2</sub> flux measurements from 8 forest sites that are dominated by Norway spruce (Picea abies L.) and built machine learning models to find the optimal age of ecosystem productivity and that of CO<sub>2</sub> sequestration. We found that the net CO<sub>2</sub> uptake of Norway spruce forests peaked at ages of 30-40 yrs. Surprisingly, this NEE peak did not overlap with the peak of GPP, which appeared later at ages of 60-90 yrs. The mismatch between NEE and GPP was a result of the R<sub>eco</sub> increase that lagged behind the GPP increase associated with the tree growth at early age. Moreover, we also found that newly planted Norway spruce stands had a high probability (up to 90%) of being a C source in the first year, while, at an age as young as 5 yrs, they were likely to be a sink already. Further, using common climate change scenarios, our model results suggest that net CO<sub>2</sub> uptake of Norway spruce forests will increase under the future climate with young stands in the high latitude areas being more beneficial. Overall, the results suggest that forest management practices should consider NEE and forest productivity separately and harvests should be performed only after the optimal ages of both the CO<sub>2</sub> sequestration and productivity to gain full ecological and economic benefits.</p>

Effects of climate change on evapotranspiration and soil water availability in Norway spruce forests in southern Finland: an ecosystem model based approach

Ecohydrology ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen-Ming Ge ◽  
Seppo Kellomäki ◽  
Xiao Zhou ◽  
Kai-Yun Wang ◽  
Heli Peltola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Ecosystem Model ◽  
Soil Water Availability ◽  
Spruce Forests ◽  
Model Based

Climate change impact assessment—A simulation experiment with Norway spruce for a forest district in Central Europe

2017 ◽  
Vol 346 ◽  
pp. 30-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan C. Thiele ◽  
Robert S. Nuske ◽  
Bernd Ahrends ◽  
Oleg Panferov ◽  
Matthias Albert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Impact Assessment ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Climate Change Impact ◽  
Simulation Experiment ◽  
Climate Change Impact Assessment ◽  
Change Impact ◽  
Forest District

scholarly journals Impacts of climate change on primary production and carbon sequestration of boreal Norway spruce forests: Finland as a model

2012 ◽  
Vol 118 (2) ◽  
pp. 259-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen-Ming Ge ◽  
Seppo Kellomäki ◽  
Heli Peltola ◽  
Xiao Zhou ◽  
Hannu Väisänen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Carbon Sequestration ◽  
Primary Production ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Spruce Forests ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

scholarly journals "Changes" of the thermal continentality in Central Europe between the years 1951 and 2013: case study – Slovak Republic

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 1261-1275 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Vilček ◽  
J. Škvarenina ◽  
J. Vido ◽  
R. Kandrík ◽  
J. Škvareninová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Vegetation Distribution ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Air Temperatures

Abstract. The influence of continents and oceans plays conceptually the key role in the climate conditions of Europeans regions. Continentality is also an important phytogeographic factor of vegetation distribution in Slovakia. This study analysed continentality development at six meteorological stations in Slovakia during the periods 1951–2013, or 1961–2013. Rising trend of the maximal and minimal temperature has been observed at all meteorological stations (lowland as well as mountainous stations) in this periods. However the results showed non-significant increase of continentality index during the monitored period of 63 (53) years. Based on the results of CCM 2000 climate model we cannot expect significant changes of continentality by the end of the 21st century, but the climate change will be significantly manifested by the increase of maximum and minimum air temperatures.

scholarly journals Keeping ahead of floods and droughts: a case study of Sdau Kaong Commune, Cambodia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Sopharo Oum
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Natural Hazards ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Lao Pdr ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Participatory Action ◽  
The Face ◽  
Floods And Droughts ◽  
Outstanding Question

<p>The Lower Mekong Basin covers four countries, Lao PDR, Thailand, Cambodia and Vietnam. These countries are often affected by floods and sometimes by droughts. These natural hazards silently and adversely affect people’s livelihoods in the region. In the face of future environmental changes, especially climate change and dam construction along the Mekong River, patterns of floods and droughts are more likely to exacerbate the situation. For this case study of a vulnerable commune in this setting, I developed a hybrid model of the development and complexity paradigms to both organise my research data and extend my analysis. This holistic hybrid paradigm enabled me to explore the interrelationships between natural hazards, disasters, and vulnerability, and adopt a multidisciplinary approach in which I attempt to integrate disaster risk management and climate change adaptation models to highlight problems and to propose interventions. The results obtained indicate that in the future floods and droughts are likely to be more frequent and severe and just what impact additional dams currently being planned or built will have over the control of water levels remains an outstanding question. Plans need to be made to enable people to cope with floods and droughts because these can have a hugely detrimental impact on their livelihoods including crops and personal property, people, community infrastructure and environment. Although current coping strategies are in place, disasters still occur. Based on the vulnerability context of the Sustainable Livelihoods Framework and the Pressure and Release (PAR) model, I was able to show how vulnerability is exacerbated by dissonant social, economic, and political structures. This research also proposes an integrated framework, including adaptive management and participatory action research, as a way of monitoring interventions that could possibly resolve some of the challenges.</p>

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