Human capital and productivity growth in a services economy: Some insights from the Portuguese case

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 511-534
Author(s):  
Marta C. N. Simões ◽  
Adelaide Duarte ◽  
João Sousa Andrade
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Productivity Growth

scholarly journals Human Capital and Productivity Growth in ASEAN Countries for 2000-2010: A Malmquist Index Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Fang Zheng ◽  
Youngho Chang
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Productivity Growth ◽  
Malmquist Index ◽  
Productivity Change ◽  
Index Analysis ◽  
Technological Improvement ◽  
Efficiency Losses ◽  
Asean Countries

This study emphasizes a role of human capital in the measurement of productivity growth and highlights the importance of sample selections in analyzing productivity change of ASEAN countries, especially from 2000 to 2010. The productivity growth in ASEAN countries appears to deteriorate, mainly due to efficiency losses in the first half of the decade and the lack of technological improvement in the second half of the decade.

Brazil’s Northeast

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre Rands Barros
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Educational Policy ◽  
Productivity Growth ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
National Average ◽  
Agricultural Export ◽  
Per Capita Gdp ◽  
Poor Region ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Brazilian Northeast

The Brazilian Northeast is a large poor region, which was the first to be colonized in Brazil. The region experienced some dynamism as a result of its early role as a centre of the agricultural export economy. However, historical and political circumstances resulted in a society in which there was a successive failure to build up the level of human capital level in the region. In particular, low access to political power of disadvantaged social groups prevented the implementation of an inclusive educational policy. This generated low per capita GDP and productivity growth, when compared to the national average. The prospects that some convergence with the national average will occur are only partial and restricted.

scholarly journals Assessment of the state of social and labor sphere of rural areas in the Ural Federal District

2020 ◽  
Vol 176 ◽  
pp. 06006
Author(s):  
Victoria Kalitskaya ◽  
Andrey Pustuev ◽  
Olga Rykalina ◽  
Irina Perminova ◽  
Olga Mustafina
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Labor Productivity ◽  
Productivity Growth ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Analytical Data ◽  
Wage Growth ◽  
Federal District ◽  
The State ◽  
Number Of Factors

The article presents the author’s calculations of the labor sphere state of rural areas of the Ural Federal District (Russia). It is substantiated that labor (human) capital is the most important element of ensuring the functioning of the entire agrarian sphere. The estimation of labor productivity in the agricultural sector, the rate of wage growth, as well as relative social and labor indicators of the agricultural direction to the general economic is conducted. The authors consider the ratio of agrolabor productivity growth and decrease in the number of workers in this sphere, which is associated with a number of factors, resulting in the construction of a system of sociolabor factors interaction contributing to the development of rural areas, based on analytical data

scholarly journals Assessment of the Human Capital of an Enterprise and its Management in the Context of the Digital Transformation of the Economy

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 666-700
Author(s):  
E.V. Orlova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Professional Development ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Labor Productivity ◽  
Productivity Growth ◽  
Digital Transformation ◽  
Capital Management ◽  
Human Capital Management ◽  
Health Quality ◽  
A Company

Current technological development amid the fourth industrial revolution inevitably changes the nature and conditions of work. The quality of human capital constitutes a significant contribution not only to labor productivity growth, but also contributes to the growth of social connections, loyalty and trust by employees. It increases the market share and the competitiveness of products. Consequently, the problem associated with improving the quality of human capital as the most important productive resource of a company is relevant, timely, socially and economically significant. The aim of the study is to develop a technology for human capital management based on a new methodology for assessing human capital and a scheme for the formation of individual trajectories of professional development, ensuring an increase in the quality of human capital and an increase in the company's efficiency. The proposed method for assessing human capital is designed to identify the digital twin of an employee and takes into account such traditional characteristics as age, education, professional experience and competencies, as well as additional characteristics - social status, health quality, inter-professional competencies, motivation and involvement, and provides a comprehensive assessment of human capital in enterprises in the course of digital transformation. Based on the results of the assessment of human capital, management decisions are developed for the individual trajectories of professional development design, aimed at increasing labor productivity and contributing to the companies’ operational efficiency growth. Experimental studies have been carried out on the use of the proposed technology for human capital management based on the data of a large oil-producing enterprise in the Republic of Bashkortostan. It is shown that the introduction of individual trajectories of professional development makes it possible to increase labor productivity by 6–7 % in the next 2–3 years, the company's revenue by 5–7 % and profit by 2 %. The theoretical significance of the results is concerned with the identified features of the human capital of a company associated with the health quality, the development of interdisciplinary knowledge, skills and abilities, motivation and involvement which should be taken into account during the process of assessment. The developed technology provides support for making managerial decisions for working out individual trajectories of employees’ development. The practical outcome of the study is the methods for human capital assessment and its development, which ensure the labor productivity growth, companies’ revenue and profit increase with minimal cost.

A Survey of Economic Growth

2014 ◽  
pp. 73-103
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Endogenous Growth ◽  
Productivity Growth ◽  
Driving Force ◽  
Growth Theory ◽  
Social Infrastructure ◽  
Solow Model ◽  
Neoclassical Theory ◽  
Endogenous Growth Theory

This chapter is a survey of the two prominent theories of economic growth (the neoclassical theory as proposed by Solow [1956] and the endogenous growth theory that originated from the seminal works of Romer [1986]). To date, works following these have essentially been their extensions/refinements and some of the important extensions have also been summarised in this chapter. The current chapter discusses their major findings and implications for policy. It is also shown that the Solow model can be extended and used for policy. The endogenous growth theory, although stated to have some drawback, is useful for policy, as it has added new thoughts on how productivity may be generated. The chapter remains highly theoretical and derivations are suppressed, unless they become necessary. This survey finds that while the driving force of growth has been known since Solow's proposition, the endogenous models have provided some discussions on how economies may achieve productivity growth. Some important sources of productivity advancements that have been suggested are through human capital, research and development, innovations, knowledge creation, and supportive institutions and social infrastructure.

The Relationship between Intellectual Capital and Banks' Productivity in Pakistan

2021 ◽  
pp. 158-169
Author(s):  
Muhammad Asim Afridi ◽  
Imran Khan ◽  
Muddassar Khan
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Intellectual Capital ◽  
Productivity Growth ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Malmquist Productivity Index ◽  
Productivity Index ◽  
Structural Capital ◽  
Capital Efficiency ◽  
The Impact

The performance of banks has been widely researched using accounting ratios, Tobin�s Q and market returns and less emphasis has been given to productivity measures. The productivity growth of banks is captured through Malmquist Productivity Index (MPI). The study then investigates the impact of intellectual capital on the productivity of banks in Pakistan. Value-added The intellectual Coefficient (VAIC) approach is employed to examine the intellectual capital of banks. Data is obtained from annual reports of 20 banks listed on the Pakistan Stock Exchange for 10 years (2007-2016). The panel corrected standard error approach is used for estimating the panel regression model. The findings provide evidence that the VAIC, human capital efficiency (HCE) and structural capital efficiency (SCE) has a positive impact on productivity growth (MPI). On the other hand, capital employed efficiency (CEE) has no significant impact on productivity growth. The VAIC approach may be useful for the banks and policymakers in a knowledge economy to integrate the intellectual capital in the decision-making process. Our results also suggest that banks in Pakistan shall increase spending on intellectual capital particularly on human capital and structural capital to elevate the intellectual capital of banks and subsequently get benefits in terms of increased productivity Keywords: Intellectual capital; Value added intellectual coefficient (VAIC); Malmquist productivity Index; Pakistan banking sector

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