Factors of Suppression of Immune Response in Patients with Pulmonary Tuberculosis and Eosinophilia

ABSTRACTThe genusMycobacteriumcomprises more than 150 species, including important pathogens for humans which cause major public health problems. The vast majority of efforts to understand the genus have been addressed in studies withMycobacterium tuberculosis. The biological differentiation betweenM. tuberculosisand nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) is important because there are distinctions in the sources of infection, treatments, and the course of disease. Likewise, the importance of studying NTM is not only due to its clinical significance but also due to the mechanisms by which some species are pathogenic while others are not.Mycobacterium aviumcomplex (MAC) is the most important group of NTM opportunistic pathogens, since it is the second largest medical complex in the genus after theM. tuberculosiscomplex. Here, we evaluated the virulence and immune response ofM. aviumsubsp.aviumandMycobacterium colombiense, using experimental models of progressive pulmonary tuberculosis and subcutaneous infection in BALB/c mice. Mice infected intratracheally with a high dose of MAC strains showed high expression of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and inducible nitric oxide synthase with rapid bacillus elimination and numerous granulomas, but without lung consolidation during late infection in coexistence with high expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines. In contrast, subcutaneous infection showed high production of the proinflammatory cytokines TNF-α and gamma interferon with relatively low production of anti-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-10 (IL-10) or IL-4, which efficiently eliminate the bacilli but maintain extensive inflammation and fibrosis. Thus, MAC infection evokes different immune and inflammatory responses depending on the MAC species and affected tissue.

Download Full-text

Radiological features of pulmonary tuberculosis depending on the gene polymorphism of HLA-DRB1.

Clinical Medicine (Russian Journal) ◽

10.18821/0023-2149-2017-95-12-1098-1100 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 95 (12) ◽

pp. 1098-1100

Author(s):

N. A. Stepanova ◽

B. I. Kantemirova ◽

Kh. M. Galimzyanov

Keyword(s):

Immune Response ◽

Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽

Gene Polymorphism ◽

Lung Tissue ◽

Lesion Volume ◽

Newly Diagnosed ◽

Specific Process ◽

X Ray ◽

Radiological Features ◽

Clinical Forms

Aim. To study radiological features of pulmonary tuberculosis according to the polymorphism of the gene HLA-DRB1. Materials and methods. Radiologically examined 73 newly diagnosed patients with different clinical forms of pulmonary tuberculosis and genotyped for HLA-DRB1 by PCR-MSSR. Results. The analysis of associations specificities gene HLA-DRB1* depending on the x-ray picture of the disease. It is found that the specificity (*04, *11, *13, *14 and *16 gene HLA- DRB1 *) positively associated with the amount of a specific process for more than three segments and destruction of lung tissue. Genotypes with 01*, 07*, 08*, 10*, 12*, 15* and 16* specificities HLA- DRB1* lesion volume were less than three segments, with a predominance of productive inflammation of the lung tissue. Conclusions. X-ray picture of the 60.3% of patients with newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis characterized by common (equity, polysegmental) lesions of the lung tissue. The obtained results of the study of gene polymorphism immune response HLA- DRB1*, show some specificity, in particular *04, *11, *13 and *16 alleles of HLA-DRB1*, possibly responsible for massive infiltration and destruction of lung tissue.

Download Full-text

Evaluation of the Immune Response of Individuals Infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Patients with Active Tuberculosis

ISRN Immunology ◽

10.5402/2012/382189 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Tânia Mara Pinto Dabés Guimarães ◽

Vicente de Paulo Coelho Peixoto de Toledo ◽

Mery Natali Abreu ◽

Nayanne Gama Teixeira Dantas ◽

Silvana Spíndola de Miranda

Keyword(s):

Immune Response ◽

Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽

Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽

Study Groups ◽

Group A ◽

Normal Chest ◽

Proliferative Assay ◽

Asymptomatic Individuals ◽

Group B ◽

Cellular Immune

This study reports the association between Mycobacterium tuberculosis and the immune response to pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). Three groups were analyzed: (a) symptomatic patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB), HIV-negative; (b) healthy individuals, tuberculin skin test reactive (TST+); (c) asymptomatic individuals, TST nonreactive (TST−). Groups B and C presented a negative bacilloscopic smear, normal chest radiographs, and negative HIV. The ELISA was used for IFN-γ, IL-10, TNF-α, and IgG quantification and lymph proliferative assay (LPA) to evaluate the cellular immune response. IgG and LPA increased in all study groups as well as IFN-γ and TNF-α, but IL-10 remained low in all study groups. There was an association between LPA and IFN-γ in group B. It was demonstrated an association between IgG and IL-10 and between IFN-γ and IL-10 in group A. There were direct and significant correlations between LPA and IgG, TNF-α and IFN-γ, IL-10 and IgG, and between IL-10 and IFN-γ, but an inverse relationship was observed between IFN-γ and LPA.

Download Full-text

Indicators of cell and humoral immune response under pulmonary tuberculosis accompanied by eosinophilia

Bulletin of Siberian Medicine ◽

10.20538/1682-0363-2012-1-39-45 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 39-45 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yu. V. Kolobovnikova ◽

O. I. Urazova ◽

V. V. Novitsky ◽

O. V Voronkova ◽

K. O. Mikheyeva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Immune Response ◽

Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽

Humoral Immune Response ◽

Humoral Immune

Download Full-text

Features of immunoregulation in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis with blood eosinophilia

Bulletin of Siberian Medicine ◽

10.20538/1682-0363-2018-3-168-179 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 17 (3) ◽

pp. 168-179

Author(s):

O. I. Urazova ◽

E. G. Churina ◽

Yu. V. Kolobovnikova ◽

V. V. Novitskiy ◽

A. V. Karaulov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Immune Response ◽

T Cells ◽

Regulatory T Cells ◽

Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽

Venous Blood ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Mononuclear Leukocytes ◽

Blood Eosinophilia ◽

Immune Response Regulation

The aimof the investigation was to determine the characteristics of the immune response regulation for pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) and to analyze the role of regulatory T cells in the immunopathogenesis of TB with eosinophilia in the blood, depending on the clinical form of the disease and sensitivity of Micobacterium tuberculosis to anti-TB drugs.Materials and methods.157 patients who were initially diagnosed with infiltrative and disseminated TB were examined. The material of the study was venous blood and culture of mononuclear leukocytes isolated from venous blood. The content of interleukin (IL) 4, IL-10 and transforming factor beta (TGFβ) in culture suspensions of mononuclear leukocytes in vitro and IL-5 in the blood was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test. The expression of surface molecules CD4, CD20, CD25 and intracellular transcription factor Foxp3 by lymphocytes of the blood was evaluated by flow cytometry. The obtained results were analyzed by statistical methods.Results.It is shown that excessive generation of regulatory T cells in patients with TB is associated with eosinophilia of the blood and imbalance of immune response regulation mechanisms. In TB with eosinophilia, an increase in the number of Foxp3-positive regulatory T cells in the blood is combined with in vitro hypersecretion of anti-inflammatory cytokines TGFβ, IL-10, IL-4 and an increase in the content of CD20+ B lymphocytes and IL-5 in the blood. These changes are most pronounced in the disseminated form of TB in combination with drug resistance.Conclusion.Characteristics of immunoregulation at TB with blood eosinophilia are associated with activation of immunosuppression mechanisms and polarization of immune response towards Th2-dependent pathway.

Download Full-text