Understanding The Role of Mate Selection Processes in Couples’ Pair-Bonding Behavior

2015 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Briana N. Horwitz ◽  
Chandra A. Reynolds ◽  
Hasse Walum ◽  
Jody Ganiban ◽  
Erica L. Spotts ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mate Selection ◽  
Pair Bonding ◽  
Selection Processes

Party Leaders in the Czech Populist Parties and Movements

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-119
Author(s):  
Michal Kubát ◽  
Maciej Hartliński
Keyword(s):  
Party Leaders ◽  
Official Position ◽  
Selection Processes ◽  
Significant Factors

AbstractThe aim of this article is to analyse the role and importance of leaders in the Czech populist parties and movements, as well as determining significant factors which condition their institutionalisation. The main focus will be placed on the role of leaders in establishing their respective parties, their formal position and intraparty selection processes in VV, ANO, SPD and ÚPD. Examples of actions taken by the leaders of ANO and SPD show that building populist parties on the foundation of the strong, formal and official position of the leader in their party as well as becoming open to more members prove effective when it comes to the discussed issues...

The role of exploratory mechanisms in evolution

1995 ◽  
Vol 349 (1329) ◽  
pp. 297-297
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Instability ◽  
Specific Mechanism ◽  
Cellular Mechanisms ◽  
Selection Processes ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Rapid Changes ◽  
Neuronal Processes ◽  
History Of ◽  
Variation And Selection

Many cellular mechanisms use a process of variation and selection to generate specific patterns. Among these, dynamic instability of microtubules has been shown to employ a specific mechanism to intentionally generate variation. In many systems the growth of neurons or neuronal processes is excessive, the final connections being established by stabilization of functional interactions. When changes in neuronal networks take place, such as in metamorphosis, use is made of the plasticity of neuronal connectivity. In the immune system, specific responses are generated by variation and selection. Processes that explore a wide range of conditions and a wide range of structures can be called exploratory processes. These are very robust and capable of responding to damage, variability in the environment and ontogenic changes in the organisms. Such robustness would be useful for adapting to changes that occur during phylogenetic changes as well. Given the extensive history of extinction and radiation in evolution, it may be supposed that these mechanisms have themselves been selected for their capacity to survive rapid changes in the organism and for their ability to generate cellular variation.

Mate Selection, Sexual Orientation, and Pair Bonding

2015 ◽  
pp. 2157-2210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacques Balthazart ◽  
Larry J. Young
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
Mate Selection ◽  
Pair Bonding

Mendelian Executive

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Daniel A. Levinthal
Keyword(s):  
Rational Choice ◽  
Artificial Selection ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Direct Consequence ◽  
Dynamic Environments ◽  
Differential Selection ◽  
Selection Environment ◽  
Selection Processes ◽  
Internal Selection

A “Mendelian” executive is proposed as an image of strategy-making that lies intermediate between the grand strategist suggested by rational choice approaches and a Darwinian process of random variation and market-based differential selection. The Mendelian executive is capable of intentional design efforts in order to explore possible adjacent strategic spaces. Furthermore, the argument developed here highlights the role of intentionality with respect to selection processes within the organization, and the culling and amplification of strategic initiatives. The firm is viewed as operating an “artificial selection” environment in contrast to selection as the direct consequence of the outcome of competitive processes. Examining the nature of the processes generating these experimental variants and the bases of internal selection, and how these selection criteria may themselves change, is argued to be central to the formation of strategy in dynamic environments.

scholarly journals The Role of Scent Marking in Mate Selection by Female Pumas (Puma concolor)

PLoS ONE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. e0139087 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maximilian L. Allen ◽  
Heiko U. Wittmer ◽  
Paul Houghtaling ◽  
Justine Smith ◽  
L. Mark Elbroch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mate Selection ◽  
Puma Concolor ◽  
Scent Marking

The Effect of Female Color, Size, Dominance and Early Experience Upon Mate Selection in Male Convict Cichlids, Cichlasoma Nigrofasciat Um Günther (Pisces, Cichlidae)

Behaviour ◽  
1976 ◽  
Vol 56 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 116-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzanne P. Weber ◽  
Peter G. Weber
Keyword(s):  
Mate Selection ◽  
Female Dominance ◽  
Female Size ◽  
Mixed Group ◽  
Homogenous Group ◽  
Color Experience ◽  
Convict Cichlids ◽  
Wild Type Male ◽  
Male Mate

AbstractThis study investigates the role of female color, size, and dominance, and the influence of early color experience in mate selection by male Convict cichlids, Cichlasoma nigrofasciatum. Dark wild-type male fish were reared by dark parents in dark schools (dark homogenous group), and by mixed dark and white parents in mixed schools (dark mixed group), until sexual maturity. Correspondingly a white homogenous group and a white mixed group were also established. Each male was then allowed to choose a mate among two dark (mixed group) and two white (mixed group) females. Males tended to spawn more often with dark females and always spawned with dominant females. Female size is positively correlated with female dominance and this may be either as a cause or as an effect of female dominance. Early color experience appears to be unimportant in male mate selection.

Segmentation and selection contribute to local processing in hierarchical analysis

2002 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shihui Han ◽  
Glyn W. Humphreys
Keyword(s):  
Attention Task ◽  
Local Responses ◽  
Attentional Control Settings ◽  
Local Element ◽  
Selection Processes ◽  
Hierarchical Stimuli ◽  
Divided Attention Task ◽  
Local Interference ◽  
Global And Local

The present study examined the role of segmentation and selection processes when we respond to local elements in hierarchical stimuli. The ease of segmentation and selection of an individual local element from hierarchical patterns was manipulated by making one local element substantially distinct from the others in colour. Experiment 1 showed that, when attention was spread across the global and local levels in a divided attention task, the introduction of the local red element speeded responses to local targets but slowed responses when targets appeared at the global level. Experiment 2 used a selective attention task in which subjects responded only to the local or the global shapes across a block of trials. Under these circumstances, the local red element reduced global-to-local interference in addition to speeding local responses. The results suggest that the efficiency with which local elements are segmented and selected affects responses to local aspects of hierarchical patterns; furthermore, the effect of local pop-out on global processing is contingent on top-down attentional control settings.

scholarly journals Mate Availability and Sexual Disgust

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Courtney L. Crosby ◽  
Patrick Durkee ◽  
Anna Sedlacek ◽  
David M. Buss
Keyword(s):  
Mate Choice ◽  
Mate Selection ◽  
Local Environment ◽  
Relationship Status ◽  
Mixed Effect ◽  
Mate Availability ◽  
Mixed Effect Models ◽  
Sexual Disgust ◽  
Linear Mixed Effect Models

Objective: One of the factors that sexual disgust should be calibrated to is the size of the mating pool. Previous research provides evidence that low mate availability affects perceptions related to mate choice. However, methodological shortcomings leave the role of sexual disgust in facilitating mate selection unclear. We will examine whether perceptions of mate availability explain variance in levels of sexual disgust towards potential mates.Methods: Participants (N = 1,000) will rate how sexually disgusting they find 60 potential mates that have previously been rated on attractiveness by a separate group of raters. We will measure participants’ perceptions of mate availability in their local environment, self-perceived attractiveness and mate value, and relevant control variables (e.g., age, relationship status). Results: We will use linear mixed effect models to examine (1) the association between sexual disgust towards potential mates and perceived mate availability; (2) the sex difference in sexual disgust; (3) the association between targets’ attractiveness and raters’ sexual disgust; and (4) whether perceived mate availability moderates the association between sexual disgust and targets’ attractiveness. Conclusions: This study will test perceptions of mate availability as an input into the calibration of sexual disgust. The results will clarify the magnitude of mate availability perceptions on mate choice.

scholarly journals Dance curation as choreographic practice

På Spissen ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-110
Author(s):  
Chris Dupuis
Keyword(s):  
Fine Arts ◽  
Dance History ◽  
Selection Processes ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Working Processes ◽  
The Way

Dance curators (or programmers, as they are often called) have a significant impact on the dance field throughtheir selection processes: elevating certain works, practices, and artists, while effectively excluding others. Through this, they have a considerable hand in shaping what kinds of dance pieces a local audience has access to,effectively writing dance history over time. But their working processes remain poorly understood, and there have been limited attempts to theorize their practice. This article begins with an exploration of the etymology of the term curator and the historical emergence of the curator in both the fine arts and dance. It then goes on to examine the role of the curator as mediator in two common models for dance presentation (the festival and the theater season) and explores two alternative curatorial models (the focus program at Brussels venue Beursschouwburg and the uncurated model of Amsterdam festival Come Together). Finally, it explores the practice of dance curation as a form of choreography itself. It concludes that contextualizing dance curation asa form of choreography could be an effective starting point for theorizing the practice, hopefully paving the way for further study.

scholarly journals The Importance of Intact Senses in Mating and Social Assessments Made by Deaf Individuals

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Oleszkiewicz ◽  
Paulina Idziak ◽  
Marta Rokosz
Keyword(s):  
Romantic Relationships ◽  
Mate Selection ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Deaf People ◽  
Same Sex ◽  
Potential Partner ◽  
Sensory Modalities ◽  
Opposite Sex ◽  
Multimodal Process

AbstractSocial perception is a multimodal process involving vision and audition as central input sources for human social cognitive processes. However, it remains unclear how profoundly deaf people assess others in the context of mating and social interaction. The current study explored the relative importance of different sensory modalities (vision, smell, and touch) in assessments of opposite- and same-sex strangers. We focused on potential sensory compensation processes in mate selection (i.e., increased importance of the intact senses in forming impressions of an opposite-sex stranger as a potential partner). A total of 74 deaf individuals and 100 normally hearing controls were included in the study sample. We found diminished importance of vision and smell in deaf participants compared with controls for opposite- and same-sex strangers, and increased importance of touch for the assessment of same-sex strangers. The results suggested that deaf people rely less on visual and olfactory cues in mating and social assessments, highlighting a possible role of sign language in shaping interpersonal tactile experience in non-romantic relationships.

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