‘The Reconstruction of the Past is the Task of Historians and not Agents’

State security archives in Eastern Europe are shedding new light on the operative practices of the secret services and their interaction with performance art. Surveillance, tracking, undermining, disruption, writing of reports, and measure plans were different operative methods to be carried out in continuous repetitive processes. This paper argues that, through these repetitive working processes, state security agencies were permanently engaged in different forms of reenactments: of orders, legends, report writing, and inventing measure plans. With this operative reenactment, state security agencies not only tried to track down facts but also created ‘fake facts’ serving their agenda. These `fake-facts` were then again repeated and reenacted by informants endlessly to be `effective` in the surveillance and elimination of performance art.

Quality of the working environment

For the individual and for society, human life and health are great values, which are often particularly difficult or impossible to measure, though they are irreplaceable values. Even in the oldest historical stages of the development and life of society, many important doctors and scientists were interested in the social aspects of health care, e.g. Hippocrates, Aristotle, Avicenna. Paracelsus († 1541, Swiss philosopher and physician) and Georgius Agricola († 1555, German chemist and mineralogist). Based on their own experience gained from daily contact with workers and their working environment, they examined disorders caused by the harmful factors of the working environment and working processes. The ever-changing world of work increasingly brings new risks into working processes, which are directly related to the work performed by employees. As part of the EU-OSHA (European Agency for Safety and Health at Work) strategy to increase health and safety at work, the European Risk Observatory called on EU Member States to improve the detection of these risks in the working environment. Considering the above, the authors of this article have set themselves the goal of mapping the current situation in the area of the creation, protection and quality management of the working environment. They describe general requirements for protecting occupational health and safety, mainly in Slovakia. They are convinced that current developments present the need to know as much as possible about the living and working environments, to have a thorough knowledge of working conditions and all the factors that affect the health of employees, to know and choose assessment procedures to reduce the negative effects of these factors to a minimum. It is important that we keep in mind that healthy working conditions are among the most valuable assets of individuals, communities and nations.

Ergonomic Risk Reduction Method in Aerospace Manufacturing

In the aerospace manufacturing, lots of processes cannot be automated and are performed manually by skilled workers. Because there exist some human error mistakes in such manual working processes, root cause investigations of these mistakes are indispensable and measures are implemented in working processes for preventing repetition of the same mistakes. Although skilled workers have strong confidence that they can complete their work with no mistake, there exist some cases that they cannot recognize their mistakes in practice. In such cases, root cause investigations cannot be performed and no measure is implemented. Such situation may become a serious risk in aerospace manufacturing because a tiny mistake can cause the serious mission failure of aviation system. To reduce such situation, the ergonomic risk reduction method is proposed. Skilled workers try to avoid frustration in performing their tasks and make mistakes through careless behavior. The cause of the frustration is discovered by ergonomic risk reduction method. Work risks can be removed by the progress of the working environment. Such risk reduction method contributes manufacturing organization resiliency. In this paper, we propose an ergonomic human error risk reduction method for skilled workers in Japanese domestic liquid rocket engine manufacturing.

Implementation of a client-accessible and multidisciplinary youth health record in the Netherlands; a mixed-methods process evaluation

Background: Client-accessible patient records potentially contribute to patient-centered care by facilitating shared decision-making, enhancing interdisciplinary collaboration, and promoting patient’s autonomy. To achieve this, three Dutch organizations providing ‘care for youth’ developed an electronic patient record (EPR-Youth). EPR-Youth supports working processes of all three organizations and is fully accessible for adolescents and for parents of children aged 0-16 years. Co-creation was chosen as implementation approach for this e-Health intervention that not only intervenes with technology (hardware) but also transforms working processes (orgware) and professional behavior (software). Objective: to investigate the implementation process of EPR-Youth and to determine barriers and facilitators.Methods: a mixed methods design was used. To guide the process evaluation, Pfadenhauers’ Context and Implementation of Complex Interventions framework and Proctor’s theoretic framework on implementation were used to define implementation outcomes and describe setting and context. Target groups were parents, adolescents, professionals using EPR-Youth, and all stakeholders in the implementation process.Results: Barriers in the implementation process of EPR-Youth were the complexity of collaboration between stakeholders and the lack of clarity about leadership and project planning. Facilitating factors were clarifying the vision, setting deadlines, and a pioneering spirit.Acceptability of the client-portal was high among all users. Adoption of the client-portal was highest among parents of children aged 0-3 years and among higher educated parents.Professionals’ doubts about user-friendliness and about the match with vision and working processes were partly due to lack of knowledge of all system functionalities. Conclusion: The implementation of EPR-Youth, the first Dutch electronic patient record facilitating both preventive child health and youth care, was successful on ‘hardware’ level. To complete implementation on ‘software’ and ‘orgware’ level, client information needs attention, as well as training of professionals. Further research is needed to gain insight into barriers to access the client-portal. Although co-creation was an essential ingredient to reach project goals, situational leadership with more direction at the start and room for disruption is needed to guide this process.

Collaborative Learning in Small Groups in an Online Course – A Case Study

Background: The ability to learn collaboratively and work in teams is an essential competency in both educational and healthcare settings, and collaborative student activities are acknowledged as being an important part of the pedagogical approach in higher education and teaching. The course that was the focus of this research, a 15-ECTS-credit online course in the philosophy of science and methods, was offered online as part of 11 master’s-level health programmes at a university in Norway. Collaborative learning in combination with digital teaching tools, was the preferred pedagogical approach in the online course. The aim of the study was to explore, describe and discuss factors influencing small group learning in this online course.Methods: We performed a qualitative case study, collecting data through both individual and focus group interviews between February 2018 and May 2019 of master’s-level students who had participated in the online course. We performed six focus-group and 13 individual interviews, and a total of 30 master’s students participated in the study. Data were analysed using content analysis.Results: The results showed that three different processes were used to facilitate completion of students’ course assignments and learning outcomes. These three working processes were not dynamic, with different groups changing working processes throughout the course, but static and constant. The names of the different working processes reflect the main characteristics of each one: 1. joint responsibility – flexible organization; 2. individual responsibility – flexible organization; and 3. individual responsibility – unorganized.Conclusions: Planning online learning requires a focus on how students collaborate and learn online, so that they can gain in-depth knowledge and understanding. This study shows that even if contextual factors are the same (e.g., group size, relevant assignments, and student autonomy in terms of group organization), the way in which students collaborate and work together differs. Although the identified working processes promoted collaboration and learning, the first process (joint responsibility, with flexible organization) was the only working process found to promote in-depth learning. Future online teaching might require an even stronger focus on students’ internal motivation for learning and the importance of teacher presence and teachers’ ability to facilitate online learning.

FUNDAMENTALS OF THE LUMP CRUSHING THEORY. WORKING PROCESSES OF CRUSHING AND SCREENING EQUIPMENT. LECTURE 8

The article presents materials of Lecture 8 in Theory of carrying and lifting, construction and road vehicles and equipment, which describes the following issues: the rock properties, the rock crushing degree, the basics of the lump crushing theory and types of crushing machines. The technological process of crushing with a roll crusher is described; the values of forces acting in roll crushers are calculated.Along with the process of crushing, the article deals with the processes of segregation and concentration, the basic of the screening (fractionation) theory and features of the hydraulic classification of nonmetallic materials.

Investigating external and internal working processes of mining machines when operating on “unclarified” water in underground conditions

Introduction. The article considers the issues of mine drainage study, including the working processes of the centrifugal pumps pumping “unclarified” water in arduous underground conditions. Such problems resolution is of high practical and scientific importance. Methods of research. Scientific and practical experience in the field of mine drainage was analyzed and generalized. The centrifugal pump modes were considered and promising research tasks in this field were outlined. Thus, the continuous income of groundwater to mine workings requires the uninterrupted operation of pumps. One of the most common types of mine-drainage plants is a multistage centrifugal pump which fulfills its functions to the full if properly operated. However, “unclarified” water pumping requires a new technique for centrifugal pump optimal modes determination in such service conditions. Result and analysis. The study of hydraulic, volumetric, and mechanical efficiency dependency on pump modes, the analysis of working processes within centrifugal pumps when operating on “unclarified” water, and the procedure and calculation of TsNS (multistage centrifugal pump) head-capacity curve were presented in the paper to justify the effectiveness of the presented solutions and conclusions. Scope of results. It is recommended that the research results are introduced in all enterprises conducting underground mining operations with the mine drainage.

Design of a Fast Temporary Fastener with the Labor-Saving and Reversible Ability

Aircraft panel assembly mainly includes the pre-joining process and the riveting process. In addition, the traditional pre-joining process is mainly executed by bolts, which has problems such as the large tightening torque, inconvenient bilateral tightening, heavy workload, and inconvenient loading and unloading. To solve the above-mentioned problems, a research of new temporary fastener is performed deeply from three levels of quick installation, labor-saving, and reversible ability. This involves (a) employing the lever mechanism and the rapid expansion anchor to implement the rapid clamping and disassembly of working processes by labor-saving; (b) integrating the adjusting spring to overcome the tolerances of parts; and (c) building up the space-cross slide rails to provide the axial clamping forces and the reversible forces. The application of designed fasteners was employed into the production of aircraft panel, and the error between theoretical and experimental values was less than 10%. Besides this, the result showed the good effect in panel clamping and the reliable processes of loading and unloading installation, and will greatly reduce the complexity of pre-joining process, the difficulty of installation, and the comprehensive cost.

Dynamics of Working Processes in Automatic Direct-Acting Pressure Regulators of Pneumatic Spacecraft Systems

The purpose of the study was by means of modern software to explore working processes taking place in automatic direct-acting pressure regulators of pneumatic spacecraft systems. As a result, we developed a general mathematical model of the pressure regulator. The design of the regulator is shown in the form of a block diagram, composed of a set of channels, cavities, and stages. The elements of the block diagram are interconnected by the basic laws of conservation of energy and mass. The mathematical model was evaluated in the Amesim software package. Findings of the full-scale and computational experiments led to the conclusions about the effect the heat exchange between the working fluid and the environment produces on the parameters of the pressure regulator, and about the use of the Amesim software package for further research of working processes in the valve units of pneumatic systems.

Scroll compressor. Analysis of calculation methods

The paper deals with some aspects of mathematical modeling of a scroll compressor. Various approaches to modeling the working processes of machines of the volumetric compression principle, their applied value and priority of use are presented. An analytical review of the methods for calculating the leakage of a compressed medium, applied to a scroll compressor, taking into account the classification of slots, is carried out. Conclusions are made about the need to clarify the assumptions and improve this technique by taking into account the fact of the mobility of the walls of the gap, depending on the share of the influence of various factors on the leakage of the compressed medium. And also about the influence of this fact on the accuracy of calculations and the optimal choice of the operating mode of the compressor. Examples are given in which taking this condition into account in the transformed systems of equations will improve the accuracy in applied calculations of the working processes of spiral machines, when designing new samples.