Prevalence of Barrett’s Esophagus in Patients with or without GERD Symptoms: Role of Race, Age, and Gender

2008 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 572-577 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinqing Fan ◽  
Ned Snyder
Keyword(s):  
Barrett’S Esophagus ◽  
Barrett's Esophagus ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Gerd Symptoms

scholarly journals Cancer Prevention in Patients with GERD and Barrett’s Esophagus: Surgery

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-67
Author(s):  
Brant K. Oelschlager ◽  
Rocio E. Carrera Ceron
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Prevention ◽  
Effective Treatment ◽  
Barrett’S Esophagus ◽  
Barrett's Esophagus ◽  
Antireflux Surgery ◽  
Associated Conditions ◽  
Risks Factors ◽  
Gerd Symptoms ◽  
Malignant Condition

Barrett’s esophagus (BE) is an acquired pre-malignant condition that is the result of chronic damage to the esophagus mucosa caused by reflux. Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and BE are major risks factors for esophageal adenocarcinoma. Effective treatment for BE should control GERD symptoms but these patients frequently presents with other associated conditions that makes management more challenging. Laparoscopic antireflux surgery (LARS), restoring the gastroesophageal barrier, is a very effective treatment of patients with BE, but its role in cancer prevention remain controversial. There is strong evidence that surgery can promote regression, but less so for reducing progression. The aim of this article was to review the current role of antireflux surgery in preventing progression to dysplasia or cancer in patients with BE and GERD.

scholarly journals IS THERE A RELATION BETWEEN HELYBACTER PYLORI AND INTESTINAL METAPLASIA IN SHORT COLUMN EPITELIZATION UP TO 10 MM IN THE DISTAL ESOPHAGUS?

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Matheus DEGIOVANI ◽  
Carmem Australia Paredes Marcondes RIBAS ◽  
Nicolau Gregori CZECZKO ◽  
Artur Adolfo PARADA ◽  
Juliana de Andrade FRONCHETTI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Metaplasia ◽  
Barrett’S Esophagus ◽  
Barrett's Esophagus ◽  
Distal Esophagus ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
General Group ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRAT Background: The presence of intestinal metaplasia in the distal esophagus (Barrett’s esophagus) is an important precursor of adenocarcinoma. Knowledge of the risk factors and the process by which the Barrett develops is very important and Helicobacter pylori (HP) can contribute to this development. Aim: To analyze the impact of HP in the gastric mucosa with intestinal metaplasia in the distal esophagus in areas of columnar epithelialization smaller than 10 mm in length and epidemiological data on prevalence Method: A retrospective study in which were included 373 consecutive patients diagnosed with columnar epithelium in the distal esophagus was done. In all, HP was investigated by urease and histology, exclusion and inclusion factors were applied and patients were divided into two groups: the first grouping the ones without histological diagnosis of Barrett’s esophagus (235-63%) and the second with it (138-37%). Results: There was no significant difference between HP and non-HP patients in relation to the probability of having intestinal metaplasia (p=0.587). When related to the general group, there was an inverse association between the bacterium and the columnar epithelia in the distal esophagus. Age (p=0.031), gender (p=0.013) and HP (p=0.613) when related together to intestinal metaplasia showed no significant relation. In isolation, when related to age and gender, regardless of HP, results confirmed that patients in more advanced age and women present a higher incidence of intestinal metaplasia. Conclusion: There is an inverse relation between HP and the areas of columnar epithelization in the distal esophagus, regardless of the presence or absence of intestinal metaplasia. Age and gender, regardless of HP, showed higher prevalence in women and in older the number of cases with intestinal metaplasia in the distal esophagus.

Empirical Analysis of Clinical Evaluations on Children Involved in the Child Protection System: The Role of Age and Gender

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erika Felix ◽  
Anjali T. Naik-Polan ◽  
Christine Sloss ◽  
Lashaunda Poindexter ◽  
Karen S. Budd
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Child Protection ◽  
Protection System ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Clinical Evaluations ◽  
And Gender

Children’s Lives and Deaths in Merovingian Gaul

2020 ◽  
pp. 185-213
Author(s):  
Émilie Perez
Keyword(s):  
Social Identity ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
New Method ◽  
Recent Analysis ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
The Past ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Grave Goods

The role of children in Merovingian society has long been downplayed, and the study of their graves and bones has long been neglected. However, during the past fifteen years, archaeologists have shown growing interest in the place of children in Merovingian society. Nonetheless, this research has not been without challenges linked to the nature of the biological and material remains. Recent analysis of 315 children’s graves from four Merovingian cemeteries in northern Gaul (sixth to seventh centuries) allows us to understand the modalities of burial ritual for children. A new method for classifying children into social age groups shows that the type, quality, quantity, and diversity of grave goods were directly correlated with the age of the deceased. They increased from the age of eight and particularly around the time of puberty. This study discusses the role of age and gender in the construction and expression of social identity during childhood in the Merovingian period.

scholarly journals Implications of Recent Revelations from Basic and Clinical Studies of Barrett’s Esophagus for Screening and Surveillance Strategies

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-92
Author(s):  
Stuart Jon Spechler ◽  
Rhonda F. Souza
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Barrett’S Esophagus ◽  
Barrett's Esophagus ◽  
Prevention Strategies ◽  
Endoscopic Screening ◽  
Screening Practices ◽  
The Past ◽  
Screening And Surveillance ◽  
Gerd Symptoms ◽  
Current Screening

During the past several decades, while the incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) has risen dramatically, our primary EAC-prevention strategies have been endoscopic screening of individuals with GERD symptoms for Barrett’s esophagus (BE), and endoscopic surveillance for those found to have BE. Unfortunately, current screening practices have failed to identify most patients who develop EAC, and the efficacy of surveillance remains highly questionable. We review potential reasons for failure of these practices including recent evidence that most EACs develop through a rapid genomic doubling pathway, and recent data suggesting that many EACs develop from segments of esophageal intestinal metaplasia too short to be recognized as BE. We highlight need for a biomarker to identify BE patients at high risk for neoplasia (who would benefit from early therapeutic intervention), and BE patients at low risk (who would not benefit from surveillance). Promising recent efforts to identify such a biomarker are reviewed herein.

Do They Really Mean It? Children’s Inference of Speaker Intentions and the Role of Age and Gender

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 689-712
Author(s):  
K. Rothermich ◽  
O. Caivano ◽  
L.J. Knoll ◽  
V. Talwar
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Video Clip ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Video Clips ◽  
Age And Gender Differences ◽  
Speaker Intentions ◽  
And Gender

Interpreting other people’s intentions during communication represents a remarkable challenge for children. Although many studies have examined children’s understanding of, for example, sarcasm, less is known about their interpretation. Using realistic audiovisual scenes, we invited 124 children between 8 and 12 years old to watch video clips of young adults using different speaker intentions. After watching each video clip, children answered questions about the characters and their beliefs, and the perceived friendliness of the speaker. Children’s responses reveal age and gender differences in the ability to interpret speaker belief and social intentions, especially for scenarios conveying teasing and prosocial lies. We found that the ability to infer speaker belief of prosocial lies and to interpret social intentions increases with age. Our results suggest that children at the age of 8 years already show adult-like abilities to understand literal statements, whereas the ability to infer specific social intentions, such as teasing and prosocial lies, is still developing between the age of 8 and 12 years. Moreover, girls performed better in classifying prosocial lies and sarcasm as insincere than boys. The outcomes expand our understanding of how children observe speaker intentions and suggest further research into the development of teasing and prosocial lie interpretation.

scholarly journals Pathomorphological evaluation of hepatobiliary lesions in dogs and cats of Ankara region

2021 ◽  
Vol 91 (4) ◽  
pp. 359-378
Author(s):  
Yanad Abou Monsef ◽  
◽  
Osman Kutsal
Keyword(s):  
Liver Fibrosis ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Reference Standard ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Immunohistochemical Methods ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Hepatic Lesions ◽  
Histopathological Studies ◽  
Passive Congestion

The objective of this study was to investigate pathological disorders of the hepatobiliary system in dogs and cats in Ankara using pathomorphological methods, and to determine the types and frequency of the observed lesions. Furthermore, we aimed to evaluate hepatic reparation as a reaction of the liver to injury with different hepatobiliary lesions using immunohistochemical methods. Livers obtained from 56 cats and 74 dogs submitted for post-mortem investigation were examined macroscopically and microscopically. Samples with hepatic fibrosis were stained immunohistochemically with an α-SMA antibody. Lesions were found in 98% of the livers of the examined dogs and cats. The most common histopathological diagnoses were hepatitis (39.28%), hepatocellular lipidosis (16.07%), and cholangitis/cholangiohepatitis (14.28%) in cats. In dogs they were hepatitis (28.38%), passive congestion (25.68%) and proliferative lesions (21.62%). For some hepatobiliary lesions, breed, age and gender predispositions were observed. Immunohistochemically, the α-SMA antibody positively stained parenchymal, portal and septal myofibroblasts. A positive correlation was verified between immunohistochemical α-SMA scores and histochemical fibrosis scores. This is the first study in Turkey documenting both the incidence of hepatobiliary lesions among feline and canine species, and their pathomorphological features. In terms of reparation, the major role of the hepatic myofibroblasts in liver fibrosis was observed. There were variations in the intensity and location of positively stained cells according to the type of lesion. The conclusion of this research indicates the need to pay attention to certain hepatic lesions in dogs and cats, and provides a reference standard for further clinical and histopathological studies.

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