Genetic Diversity and Relationships of Japanese Peach (Prunus persica L.) Cultivars Revealed by AFLP and Pedigree Tracing

The genetic diversity of 14 Japanese plum (Prunus salicina Lindl) landraces adapted to an ecosystem of alternating flooding and dry conditions was characterized using neutral simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. Twelve SSRs located in six chromosomes of the Prunus persica reference genome resulted to be polymorphic, thus allowing identification of all the evaluated landraces. Differentiation between individuals was moderate to high (average shared allele distance (DAS) = 0.64), whereas the genetic diversity was high (average indices polymorphism information content (PIC) = 0.62, observed heterozygosity (Ho) = 0.51, unbiased expected heterozygosity (uHe) = 0.70). Clustering and genetic structure approaches grouped all individuals into two major groups that correlated with flesh color. This finding suggests that the intuitive breeding practices of growers tended to select plum trees according to specific phenotypic traits. These neutral markers were adequate for population genetic studies and cultivar identification. Furthermore, we assessed the SSR flanking genome regions (25 kb) in silico to search for candidate genes related to stress resistance or associated with other agronomic traits of interest. Interestingly, at least 26 of the 118 detected genes seem to be related to fruit quality, plant development, and stress resistance. This study suggests that the molecular characterization of specific landraces of Japanese plum that have been adapted to extreme agroecosystems is a useful approach to localize candidate genes which are potentially interesting for breeding.

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Variabilidad interspecífica de duraznos (Prunus pérsica L. Batsch.) y ciruelos (Prunus domestica) usando RAMs

Revista Colombiana de Biotecnología ◽

10.15446/rev.colomb.biote.v17n1.44644 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

pp. 61-69

Author(s):

Ana Cruz Morillo Coronado ◽

Yacenia Morillo Coronado ◽

Leonardo Ariel González Mendoza ◽

Iván Adiel Ávila Morales

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Prunus Persica ◽

Prunus Domestica ◽

Molecular Weights ◽

Average Value ◽

El Alto ◽

Deciduous Fruit ◽

Technological University ◽

Diversity Studies ◽

High Degree

Título en inglés: Intraespecific variability of peach (Prunus persica L. Batsch.) and plums (Prunus domestica) using RAMsResumen: Se seleccionó una muestra de 41 materiales de Prunus de la colección de caducifolios de la Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, para evaluar su variabilidad genética usando ocho marcadores Microsatélites Amplificados al Azar (RAMs). Se generaron un total de 121 alelos con pesos moleculares entre 260 y 1000 Kb. Se formaron tres grupos, a un coeficiente de similitud de 0.75, de acuerdo a las características del fruto y a la especie, encontrándose en el grupo II a los materiales de ciruelo. El porcentaje de loci polimórficos varío entre 71 y 99% para los cebadores CGA y CCA, respectivamente. El valor promedio de heterocigosidad fue de 0.22, mucho más bajo que los encontrados en otros estudios de diversidad genética en el género Prunus. La técnica RAMs mostró ser una herramienta útil para evaluar la diversidad genética en frutales caducifolios, al discriminar a los materiales en tres grupos e identificar el alto grado de consanguinidad que existe entre las diferentes especies de Prunus lo cual debe ser aprovechado dentro de las estrategias de hibridación que busquen la obtención de nuevos y mejores materiales. Palabras claves: Prunus, Diversidad genética, Microsatélites RAMs, caducifolios.Abstract: A sample of 41 Prunus materials from the deciduous collection of the Pedagogical and Technological University of Colombia was selected to evaluate its genetic diversity using eight primers for Random Amplified Microsatellite (RAMs). A total of 121 alleles were generated with molecular weights ranging between 260 and 1000 Kb. Three groups were formed, a similarity coefficient of 0.75, according to fruit characteristics and specie, found plum materials in group II. The percentage of polymorphic loci ranged from 71 to 99% for the primers CGA and CCA, respectively. The average value of heterozygosity was 0.33, much lower than values found in other genetic diversity studies in the genus Prunus. The RAMs technique showed to be a useful tool for assessing genetic diversity in deciduous fruit, discriminate the materials into three groups and identify the high degree of consanguinity between different Prunus species which should be exploited in hybridization strategies looking for obtaining new and improved materials.Key words: Prunus, Genetic diversity, Microsatellites RAMs, deciduous.

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THE SICILIAN PEACH (PRUNUS PERSICA L. BATSCH) GERMPLASM: EVALUATION OF GENETIC DIVERSITY USING SSRS

Acta Horticulturae ◽

10.17660/actahortic.2006.713.17 ◽

2006 ◽

pp. 135-138 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

A. Marchese ◽

K.R. Tobutt ◽

T. Caruso

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Prunus Persica ◽

Germplasm Evaluation

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Genetic diversity and insecticide resistance during the growing season in the green peach aphid (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on primary and secondary hosts: a farm-scale study in Central Chile

Bulletin of Entomological Research ◽

10.1017/s000748531300062x ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 104 (2) ◽

pp. 182-194 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

J.A. Rubiano-Rodríguez ◽

E. Fuentes-Contreras ◽

C.C. Figueroa ◽

J.T. Margaritopoulos ◽

L.M. Briones ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Genetic Differentiation ◽

Insecticide Resistance ◽

Prunus Persica ◽

Green Peach Aphid ◽

Growing Season ◽

Primary Host ◽

Central Chile ◽

Farm Scale ◽

Peach Orchard

AbstractThe seasonal dynamics of neutral genetic diversity and the insecticide resistance mechanisms of insect pests at the farm scale are still poorly documented. Here this was addressed in the green peach aphid Myzus persicae (Sulzer) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in Central Chile. Samples were collected from an insecticide sprayed peach (Prunus persica L.) orchard (primary host), and a sweet-pepper (Capsicum annum var. grossum L.) field (secondary host). In addition, aphids from weeds (secondary hosts) growing among these crops were also sampled. Many unique multilocus genotypes were found on peach trees, while secondary hosts were colonized mostly by the six most common genotypes, which were predominantly sensitive to insecticides. In both fields, a small but significant genetic differentiation was found between aphids on the crops vs. their weeds. Within-season comparisons showed genetic differentiation between early and late season samples from peach, as well as for weeds in the peach orchard. The knock-down resistance (kdr) mutation was detected mostly in the heterozygote state, often associated with modified acetylcholinesterase throughout the season for both crops. This mutation was found in high frequency, mainly in the peach orchard. The super-kdr mutation was found in very low frequencies in both crops. This study provides farm-scale evidence that the aphid M. persicae can be composed of slightly different genetic groups between contiguous populations of primary and secondary hosts exhibiting different dynamics of insecticide resistance through the growing season.

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Genetic Diversity of Peach Cultivars from the Collection of the Nikita Botanical Garden Based on SSR Markers

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants10122609 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (12) ◽

pp. 2609

Author(s):

Aya A. Trifonova ◽

Ksenia V. Boris ◽

Natalia V. Mesyats ◽

Valentina A. Tsiupka ◽

Anatoly V. Smykov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Ssr Markers ◽

Prunus Persica ◽

Geographic Origin ◽

Botanical Garden ◽

Fruit Characteristics ◽

Breeding Center ◽

Rational Management ◽

Clear Differentiation ◽

Polymorphism Level

The Nikita Botanical Garden (NBG) has a unique Prunus L. collection (peach, apricot, plum, cherry) comprising more than 3000 accessions. NBG is also a breeding center for stone fruits, including peach (Prunus persica (L.) Batsch). In the present study a set of 85 peach cultivars bred in NBG, Europe, and North America was analyzed using 12 SSR markers to assess their genetic diversity and relatedness. The detected polymorphism level was comparable to the previous estimates of genetic variability in peach cultivars. The average number of alleles per locus was 5.67, PIC value averaged 0.49, expected, and observed heterozygosity averaged 0.52 and 0.31, respectively. Among the detected alleles, 19 (27.94%) were rare and 12 (17.65%) were unique. All studied accessions except two could be identified with the used marker set. Cluster analysis revealed some groups according to the cultivars’ pedigrees. No clear differentiation of the studied sample according to geographic origin or fruit characteristics of peach cultivars was revealed. The results provide valuable information for identification and rational management of the material preserved in the NBG peach collection.

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The high-quality draft genome of peach (Prunus persica) identifies unique patterns of genetic diversity, domestication and genome evolution

Nature Genetics ◽

10.1038/ng.2586 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 45 (5) ◽

pp. 487-494 ◽

Cited By ~ 626

Author(s):

Ignazio Verde ◽

◽

Albert G Abbott ◽

Simone Scalabrin ◽

Sook Jung ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Genome Evolution ◽

Prunus Persica ◽

Draft Genome ◽

High Quality

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Genetic Diversity of Local Peach (Prunus persica) Accessions from La Palma Island (Canary Islands, Spain)

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy10040457 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 457 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Verónica Pérez ◽

Nerea Larrañaga ◽

Donia Abdallah ◽

Ana Wünsch ◽

José I. Hormaza

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Canary Islands ◽

Prunus Persica ◽

Genetic Material ◽

Geographic Origin ◽

Ex Situ ◽

Subtropical Climate ◽

La Palma ◽

Local Selection ◽

Ssr Loci

Peach (Prunus persica) is an economically important temperate fruit crop due to its edible fruits. Due to the need to develop new varieties better adapted to climate change, it is of great interest to find germplasm adapted to warmer conditions, such as those found in the Canary Islands. Peach was an important crop during the last century in one of those islands (La Palma), but its cultivation has been abandoned in recent years. Currently, commercial production is relict and isolated trees are relegated to family orchards with little management. With the objective to characterize and prevent the loss of local varieties of this crop, peach trees were sampled along La Palma. A total of 89 local peach accessions were prospected and analyzed with 10 single-sequence repeat (SSR) loci, which permitted 28 different genotype profiles to be detected. These genotypes were compared to 95 Spanish peach landraces conserved in an ex situ collection, and 26 additional samples from eight different countries. Results showed that the peach genetic diversity found in La Palma was low. In addition, a relation between La Palma samples and other Spanish peaches was observed, which could indicate the arrival of genetic material from the Iberian Peninsula and subsequent intercrossing and local selection of the genotypes more adapted to the subtropical climate of the island. The population structure reflects a grouping of the samples based on fruit type and geographic origin.

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Genetic diversity in peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch] at the University of Florida: past, present and future

Tree Genetics & Genomes ◽

10.1007/s11295-014-0769-2 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 10 (5) ◽

pp. 1399-1417 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Dario J. Chavez ◽

Thomas G. Beckman ◽

Dennis J. Werner ◽

José X. Chaparro

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Prunus Persica ◽

University Of Florida ◽

The University

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Genetic Diversity in Peach (Prunus persica L. Batch) Revealed by Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) Markers and Compared to Inbreeding Coefficients

Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science ◽

10.21273/jashs.121.6.1012 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 121 (6) ◽

pp. 1012-1019 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

Marilyn L. Warburton ◽

Fredrick A. Bliss

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Rapd Markers ◽

Prunus Persica ◽

The United States ◽

Genetic Distances ◽

Pedigree Information ◽

Sources Of Information ◽

Similarity Coefficients ◽

Breeding Lines ◽

Inbreeding Coefficients

Previous studies of peach germplasm using pedigree information and isozyme polymorphism data have shown limited diversity in the U.S. gene pool. To further investigate the genetic diversity among peach cultivars grown in different regions of the United States, 94 RAPD markers were used to estimate the genetic distances among 136 cultivars. Of the 12 clusters formed in a dendrogram, the 90 U.S. cultivars and breeding lines and most of those from Europe and Latin America grouped to only three clusters, while the 23 peach entries from India, Pakistan, Russia, Okinawa, and China, as well as the almond cultivar used as an outgroup, were distributed among the other nine clusters. Therefore, the genetic diversity within temperate U.S. peach germplasm is quite limited, and to expand the variability, additional germplasm should be obtained, especially from Asia. Comparison of genetic similarity based on inbreeding coefficients with similarity coefficients based on the RAPD data produced a correlation of 0.395, which is comparable to values in similar investigations in other crops. Thus, similar conclusions can be drawn from these two sources of information. RAPD data are useful particularly when pedigree information is incomplete, there has been substantial selection within breeding populations, and a high proportion of alleles are identical in state but not by descent.

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