Index method for determination of turbine efficiency during full-scale tests

2010 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 192-194
Author(s):  
N. I. Zubarev
Keyword(s):  
Full Scale ◽  
Index Method ◽  
Turbine Efficiency ◽  
Full Scale Tests

A New Rupture Prediction Model for Corroded Pipelines Under Combined Loadings

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Wang ◽  
Marina Q. Smith ◽  
Carl H. Popelar ◽  
James A. Maple
Keyword(s):  
Prediction Model ◽  
Thermal Loading ◽  
Axial Loading ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Strain Limit ◽  
Rupture Pressure ◽  
Scale Test ◽  
Full Scale Tests

It is commonly believed that bending and other secondary loading will reduce the rupture pressure of a corroded pipe. This paper shows through theory, full-scale tests and finite element analysis (FEA) that this need not be the case in the field where displacement controlled bending and axial loading are induced by differential settlement and axial constraint. Based on this result, a new strain-based rupture prediction model is developed for buried corroded pipes subjected to internal pressure, lateral bending, thermal loading and residual stress. The selection of an appropriate “bulging factor,” the determination of a biaxial strain limit and the treatment of the heat affected zone (HAZ) are also discussed in the paper. The predicted rupture pressures agree well with the full-scale test results.

scholarly journals FULL SCALE TRAILS OF DOLOSSE TO DESTRUCTION

1980 ◽  
Vol 1 (17) ◽  
pp. 117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans F. Burcharth
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Strength ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Theoretical Expression ◽  
Cover Layer ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Full Scale Tests ◽  
The Impact

It is well known that the relative dynamic strength of unreinforced slender concrete units decreases as the size increases. Big units can resist relatively smaller movements than small units. When model tests of cover layer stability are performed the determination of the damage criterion that should be adopted must therefore be based on knowledge of the dynamic strength of the corresponding prototype units. With the purpose of establishing a relation between the size and the dynamic strength of unreinforced units some full scale tests to destruction of 1.5 and 5.4 t units were performed. The set up and the procedure of the tests which simulates the impact from rocking of the units and from concrete pieces that are thrown against the units are designed to make a comparison between the behaviour of units of different sizes possible. The test method is described and proposed as a standard method. The theoretical expression for the dynamic strength is compared with the test results and it is shown that if the units are allowed to move there is an upper limit for the size of unreinforced units where a balance between the hydraulic stability of the cover layer and the strength of the units exists. Different ways of improving the strength of the units are discussed on the basis of the results from tests with different types of concrete. The tests included an investigation of the influence of reinforcement, and of different types of concrete and surface cracks on the performance of the units.

scholarly journals Determination of the class of steel by small samples

Vestnik MGSU ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 340-346
Author(s):  
 Yuri I. Gustov ◽  
Igor O. Makhov
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Steel Structures ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Laboratory Research ◽  
Labor Costs ◽  
Metal Structures ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Full Scale Tests

Introduction. The data of the results of the inspection of steel structures are given, based on the analysis of which strength classes of structural steels are established. The goal has been solved by determining the chemical composition of metal structures and full-scale tests of the mechanical characteristics of steel structures, followed by a calculated conversion of the hardness index HB to the value of temporary tensile strength σv. Materials and methods. Strength indicators of metal structures are determined by non-destructive express method by means of a portable hardness tester of the dynamic principle of action. For the calculated determination of the breaking strength σv adopted the average lengthening coefficient kδ. By its value, the indicators of elongation and contraction are established, as well as the yield strength of the metal. Based on the calculated standard indicators of plasticity (δ, ψ) and strength (σv, σt), the complex criterion C equation is compiled. Using it, calculated the uniform elongation δр and the transverse narrowing ψр, which were used to assess the tensile strength (Sv, Sk) and fatigue (σ–1, τ–1). The chemical composition of small-sized samples in the form of metal shavings was determined by x-ray fluorescence. Additionally, the chemical composition of the steel was monitored using a scanning microscope with an attachment for determi­ning the chemical composition by energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy. Results. The proposed research method makes it possible to conduct full-scale tests of metal structures and reduces the complexity of the selection and delivery of samples for laboratory research. The results obtained by both methods are correlated with the source data (design documentation for the object of the survey). Conclusions. An integrated method of sampling and direct measurement of hardness on site allows one to determine the chemical composition of metal structures, the grade and type of structural steel and its mechanical properties. At the same time, the scientific novelty is the given technique as a whole, which is characterized by a significant reduction in labor costs and minimization of damage to the objects under study.

Respirometry for determination of the influents SS-concentration

1996 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 311-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Witteborg ◽  
A. van der Last ◽  
R. Hamming ◽  
I. Hemmers
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Substrate Concentration ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Activated Sludge Process ◽  
Respiration Rates ◽  
On Line ◽  
Large Measurement ◽  
Set Up

A method is presented for determining influent readily biodegradable substrate concentration (SS). The method is based on three different respiration rates, which can be measured with a continuous respiration meter which is operated in a cyclic way. Within the respiration meter nitrification is inhibited through the addition of ATU. Simulations were used to develop the respirometry set-up and decide upon the experimental design. The method was tested as part of a large measurement programme executed at a full-scale plant. The proposed respirometry set-up has been shown to be suitable for a semi-on-line determination of an influent SS which is fully based on the IAWQ #1 vision of the activated sludge process. The YH and the KS play a major role in the principle, and should be measured directly from the process.

Investigation of planing craft maneuverability using full-scale tests

2021 ◽  
pp. 147509022110303
Author(s):  
Kazem Sadati ◽  
Hamid Zeraatgar ◽  
Aliasghar Moghaddas
Keyword(s):  
Full Scale ◽  
Performance Characteristics ◽  
Forward Speed ◽  
Speed Reduction ◽  
Planing Craft ◽  
Full Scale Tests ◽  
Turning Maneuver

Maneuverability of planing craft is a complicated hydrodynamic subject that needs more studies to comprehend its characteristics. Planing craft drivers follow a common practice for maneuver of the craft that is fundamentally different from ship’s standards. In situ full-scale tests are normally necessary to understand the maneuverability characteristics of planing craft. In this paper, a study has been conducted to illustrate maneuverability characteristics of planing craft by full-scale tests. Accelerating and turning maneuver tests are conducted on two cases at different forward speeds and rudder angles. In each test, dynamic trim, trajectory, speed, roll of the craft are recorded. The tests are performed in planing mode, semi-planing mode, and transition between planing mode to semi-planing mode to study the effects of the craft forward speed and consequently running attitude on the maneuverability. Analysis of the data reveals that the Steady Turning Diameter (STD) of the planing craft may be as large as 40 L, while it rarely goes beyond 5 L for ships. Results also show that a turning maneuver starting at planing mode might end in semi-planing mode. This transition can remarkably improve the performance characteristics of the planing craft’s maneuverability. Therefore, an alternative practice is proposed instead of the classic turning maneuver. In this practice, the craft traveling in the planing mode is transitioned to the semi-planing mode by forward speed reduction first, and then the turning maneuver is executed.

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