The in vitro and in vivo performance of a strontium-containing coating on the low-modulus Ti35Nb2Ta3Zr alloy formed by micro-arc oxidation

Titanium (Ti)-based alloys are widely used in tissue regeneration with advantages of improved biocompatibility, high mechanical strength, corrosion resistance, and cell attachment. To obtain bioactive bone–implant interfaces with enhanced osteogenic capacity, various methods have been developed to modify the surface physicochemical properties of bio-inert Ti and Ti alloys. Nano-structured hydroxyapatite (HA) formed by micro-arc oxidation (MAO) is a synthetic material, which could facilitate osteoconductivity, osteoinductivity, and angiogenesis on the Ti surface. In this paper, we applied MAO and steam–hydrothermal treatment (SHT) to produce HA-coated Ti, hereafter called Ti–M–H. The surface morphology of Ti–M–H1 was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the element composition and the roughness of Ti–M–H1 were analyzed by energy-dispersive X-ray analysis, an X-ray diffractometer (XRD), and Bruker stylus profiler, demonstrating the deposition of nano-HA particles on Ti surfaces that were composed of Ca, P, Ti, and O. Then, the role of Ti–M–H in osteogenesis and angiogenesis in vitro was evaluated. The data illustrated that Ti–M–H1 showed a good compatibility with osteoblasts (OBs), which promoted adhesion, spreading, and proliferation. Additionally, the secretion of ALP, Col-1, and extracellular matrix mineralization was increased by OBs treated with Ti–M–H1. Ti–M–H1 could stimulate endothelial cells to secrete vascular endothelial growth factor and promote the formation of capillary-like networks. Next, it was revealed that Ti–M–H1 also suppressed inflammation by activating macrophages, while releasing multiple active factors to mediate osteogenesis and angiogenesis. Finally, in vivo results uncovered that Ti–M–H1 facilitated a higher bone-to-implant interface and was more attractive for the dendrites, which promoted osseointegration. In summary, MAO and SHT-treated Ti–M–H1 not only promotes in vitro osteogenesis and angiogenesis but also induces M2 macrophages to regulate the immune environment, which enhances the crosstalk between osteogenesis and angiogenesis and ultimately accelerates the process of osseointegration in vivo.

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Formation and in vitro/in vivo performance of “cortex-like” micro/nano-structured TiO 2 coatings on titanium by micro-arc oxidation

Materials Science and Engineering C ◽

10.1016/j.msec.2018.02.023 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 87 ◽

pp. 90-103 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Yada Li ◽

Weiqiang Wang ◽

Huiying Liu ◽

Jingwu Lei ◽

Jingying Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Micro Arc Oxidation

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A superparamagnetic Fe3O4–TiO2 composite coating on titanium by micro-arc oxidation for percutaneous implants

Journal of Materials Chemistry B ◽

10.1039/c9tb01096c ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (34) ◽

pp. 5265-5276 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Kai Li ◽

Shiyu Liu ◽

Yang Xue ◽

Lan Zhang ◽

Yong Han

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Field ◽

Composite Coating ◽

Micro Arc Oxidation ◽

Percutaneous Implants

The micro-magnetic field induced by the Fe3O4 nanoparticles in TiO2 can efficiently enhance the fibroblast response, reduce bacterial reproduction in vitro, and improve skin integration in vivo.

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Zn- or Cu-containing CaP-Based Coatings Formed by Micro-Arc Oxidation on Titanium and Ti-40Nb Alloy: Part II—Wettability and Biological Performance

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma13194366 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (19) ◽

pp. 4366

Author(s):

Ekaterina G. Komarova ◽

Yurii P. Sharkeev ◽

Mariya B. Sedelnikova ◽

Oleg Prymak ◽

Matthias Epple ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Surface Energy ◽

Pure Titanium ◽

Multipotent Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ◽

Contact Angles ◽

Polar Component ◽

Micro Arc Oxidation ◽

Main Component ◽

Biological Performance

This work describes the wettability and biological performance of Zn- and Cu-containing CaP-based coatings prepared by micro-arc oxidation on pure titanium (Ti) and novel Ti-40Nb alloy. Good hydrophilic properties of all the coatings were demonstrated by the low contact angles with liquids, not exceeding 45°. An increase in the applied voltage led to an increase of the coating roughness and porosity, thereby reducing the contact angles to 6° with water and to 17° with glycerol. The free surface energy of 75 ± 3 mJ/m2 for all the coatings were determined. Polar component was calculated as the main component of surface energy, caused by the presence of strong polar PO43− and OH− bonds. In vitro studies showed that low Cu and Zn amounts (~0.4 at.%) in the coatings promoted high motility of human adipose-derived multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (hAMMSC) on the implant/cell interface and subsequent cell ability to differentiate into osteoblasts. In vivo study demonstrated 100% ectopic bone formation only on the surface of the CaP coating on Ti. The Zn- and Cu-containing CaP coatings on both substrates and the CaP coating on the Ti-40Nb alloy slightly decreased the incidence of ectopic osteogenesis down to 67%. The MAO coatings showed antibacterial efficacy against Staphylococcus aureus and can be arranged as follows: Zn-CaP/Ti > Cu-CaP/TiNb, Zn-CaP/TiNb > Cu-CaP/Ti.

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Fabrication Methods of Porous Tantalum Metal Implants for Use as Biomaterials

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.476-478.2063 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 476-478 ◽

pp. 2063-2066 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Chang Jun Chen ◽

Min Zhang

Keyword(s):

Bone Ingrowth ◽

Cell Structure ◽

Vitreous Carbon ◽

Surface Oxide Layer ◽

Porous Tantalum ◽

Characteristic Appearance ◽

Early Results ◽

Low Modulus

Porous tantalum; biomaterials; bone ingrowth; laser cladding; Abstract. Porous tantalum, a new low modulus metal with a characteristic appearance similar to cancellous/trabecular bone, is currently available for use in several orthopedic applications (hip and knee arthroplasty, spine surgery, and bone graft substitute). The open-cell structure of repeating dodecahedrons is produced via carbon vapor deposition/infiltration of commercially pure tantalum onto a vitreous carbon scaffolding. This transition metal maintains several interesting biomaterial properties, including: a high volumetric porosity (70-80%), low modulus of elasticity (3MPa), and high frictional characteristics. Tantalum has excellent biocompatibility and is safe to use in vivo as evidenced by its historical and current use in pacemaker electrodes, cranioplasty plates and as radiopaque markers. The bioactivity and biocompatibility of porous tantalum stems from its ability to form a self-passivating surface oxide layer. This surface layer leads to the formation of a bone-like apatite coating in vivo and affords excellent bone and fibrous in-growth properties allowing for rapid and substantial bone and soft tissue attachment. Tantalum-chondrocyte composites have yielded successful early results in vitro and may afford an option for joint resurfacing in the future. The development of porous tantalum is in its early stages of evolution and the following represents a review of its biomaterial properties and fabrication methods for applications as implant biomaterials.

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In Vitro and In Vivo Response to Low-Modulus PMMA-Based Bone Cement

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2015/594284 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Elin Carlsson ◽

Gemma Mestres ◽

Kiatnida Treerattrakoon ◽

Alejandro López ◽

Marjam Karlsson Ott ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Linoleic Acid ◽

Immune Cells ◽

Castor Oil ◽

In Vitro Cytotoxicity ◽

Bone Cements ◽

Human Osteoblast ◽

Flow Cytometry Analysis ◽

Low Modulus

The high stiffness of acrylic bone cements has been hypothesized to contribute to the increased number of fractures encountered after vertebroplasty, which has led to the development of low-modulus cements. However, there is no data available on the in vivo biocompatibility of any low-modulus cement. In this study, the in vitro cytotoxicity and in vivo biocompatibility of two types of low-modulus acrylic cements, one modified with castor oil and one with linoleic acid, were evaluated using human osteoblast-like cells and a rodent model, respectively. While the in vitro cytotoxicity appeared somewhat affected by the castor oil and linoleic acid additions, no difference could be found in the in vivo response to these cements in comparison to the base, commercially available cement, in terms of histology and flow cytometry analysis of the presence of immune cells. Furthermore, the in vivo radiopacity of the cements appeared unaltered. While these results are promising, the mechanical behavior of these cements in vivo remains to be investigated.

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Copper coating formed by micro-arc oxidation on pure Mg improved antibacterial activity, osteogenesis, and angiogenesis in vivo and in vitro

Biomedical Microdevices ◽

10.1007/s10544-021-00573-0 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 23 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Dong-yu Liang ◽

Peng-chen Liang ◽

Qing-qing Yi ◽

Shuang Sha ◽

Jun-feng Shi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Copper Coating ◽

Micro Arc Oxidation

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Induction and Differentiation of Dental Epithelium in Vivo and in Vitro

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100053425 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 40 ◽

pp. 142-145

Author(s):

E. J. Kollar

Keyword(s):

Connective Tissue ◽

Oral Mucosa ◽

Basal Lamina ◽

Functional Derivatives ◽

Specific Source ◽

Dental Epithelium ◽

Connective Tissue Stroma

The differentiation and maintenance of many specialized epithelial structures are dependent on the underlying connective tissue stroma and on an intact basal lamina. These requirements are especially stringent in the development and maintenance of the skin and oral mucosa. The keratinization patterns of thin or thick cornified layers as well as the appearance of specialized functional derivatives such as hair and teeth can be correlated with the specific source of stroma which supports these differentiated expressions.

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Ultrastructural Correlations between Clonal Human Tumor Colonies and in Vivo Neoplasms

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100053711 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 40 ◽

pp. 210-211

Author(s):

M.J. Murphy ◽

R.R. Price ◽

J.C. Sloman

Keyword(s):

Cultured Cells ◽

Human Tumor ◽

Cell Type ◽

Tumor Mass ◽

Initial Cell ◽

Cloning Assay ◽

Human Tumor Cloning ◽

The Relationship

The in vitro human tumor cloning assay originally described by Salmon and Hamburger has been applied recently to the investigation of differential anti-tumor drug sensitivities over a broad range of human neoplasms. A major problem in the acceptance of this technique has been the question of the relationship between the cultured cells and the original patient tumor, i.e., whether the colonies that develop derive from the neoplasm or from some other cell type within the initial cell population. A study of the ultrastructural morphology of the cultured cells vs. patient tumor has therefore been undertaken to resolve this question. Direct correlation was assured by division of a common tumor mass at surgical resection, one biopsy being fixed for TEM studies, the second being rapidly transported to the laboratory for culture.

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