The Relationships between Five-Factor Model Personality Traits and Personality Disorder Features in an Australian Non-Clinical Sample

2014 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ninawa Butrus ◽  
Rivka T. Witenberg
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Five Factor Model

A Comparison of Two Five-Factor Model Operationalizations of the Triarchic Model of Psychopathy in a Clinical Sample

Assessment ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 107319112110061
Author(s):  
Jared R. Ruchensky ◽  
M. Brent Donnellan ◽  
Christopher J. Hopwood ◽  
John F. Edens ◽  
Andrew E. Skodol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Neo Personality Inventory ◽  
Neo Personality Inventory Revised ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Triarchic Model

Structural models of personality traits, particularly the five-factor model (FFM), continue to inform ongoing debates regarding what personality attributes and trait domains are central to psychopathy. A growing body of literature has linked the constructs of the triarchic model of psychopathy (boldness, meanness, disinhibition) to the FFM. Recently, researchers developed both item and regression-based measures of the triarchic model of psychopathy using the NEO Personality Inventory–Revised—a popular measure of the FFM. The current study examines the correlates of these two FFM-derived operationalizations of the triarchic model using data from the Collaborative Longitudinal Personality Disorders Study. The two approaches had strong convergent validity coefficients and similar patterns of criterion-related validity coefficients. Meanness related to greater personality pathology characterized by exploitation of others and poor attachment, whereas disinhibition related to indicators of greater negative affect and poor behavioral constraint. Boldness related to reduced negative affect and greater narcissistic personality traits. Although the item and regression-based approaches showed similar patterns of associations with criterion-variables, the item-based approach has some practical and psychometric advantages over the regression-based approach given strong correlations between the meanness and disinhibition scores from the regression approach.

Personality Disorders as Collections of Traits

2019 ◽  
pp. 40-70
Author(s):  
Joshua D. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Construct Validity ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
General Model ◽  
Alternative Model ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Empirical Relations ◽  
Expert Ratings

This chapter argues that personality disorders can and should be understood as collections of basic personality traits from a general model of personality, namely the five-factor model (FFM). It reviews evidence for the convergence of FFM personality disorder profiles across multiple approaches—expert ratings (i.e., researchers and clinicians) and empirical relations. It discusses how to score the personality disorders from the FFM and provides evidence for the convergent, discriminant, and construct validity of this approach. The chapter also demonstrates how the new alternative model for personality disorders can be embedded within the more established and robust FFM literature.

Incremental validity of the Structured Interview for the Five‐Factor Model of Personality (SIFFM)

2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 343-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie D. Stepp ◽  
Timothy J. Trull ◽  
Rachel M. Burr ◽  
Mimi Wolfenstein ◽  
Angela Z. Vieth
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Clinical Utility ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Incremental Validity ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Histrionic Personality Disorder

This study examined the incremental validity of the Structured Interview for the Five‐Factor Model (SIFFM; Trull & Widiger, 1997) scores in the prediction of borderline, antisocial, and histrionic personality disorder symptoms above and beyond variance accounted for by scores from the Schedule for Nonadaptive and Adaptive Personality (SNAP; Clark, 1993), a self‐report questionnaire that includes items relevant to both normal (i.e. Big Three) and abnormal personality traits. Approximately 200 participants (52 clinical outpatients, and 149 nonclinical individuals from a borderline‐features‐enriched sample) completed the SIFFM, the SNAP, and select sections of the Personality Disorder Interview—IV (PDI‐IV; Widiger, Mangine, Corbitt, Ellis, & Thomas, 1995). We found support for the incremental validity of SIFFM scores, further indicating the clinical utility of this instrument. However, results also supported the incremental validity of SNAP scores in many cases. We discuss the implications of the findings in terms of dimensional approaches to personality disorder assessment. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Applying the Five-Factor Model of Personality to the Exploration of the Construct of Risk-Taking in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

2005 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clare S. Rees ◽  
Rebecca A. Anderson ◽  
Sarah J. Egan
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Neo Personality Inventory ◽  
Clinical Disorders ◽  
A Current

Although there has been a long interest in the personality traits associated with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), few studies have examined differences on normal, dimensional personality traits for individuals with OCD compared with other clinical disorders. The purpose of this study was to replicate and extend upon the work of Rector et al. (2002) who found unique associations between OCD and trait domains and facets of the five-factor model of personality (FFM) when compared with a clinical sample of depressed individuals. The current study compared individuals with a current diagnosis of OCD (n=21) with individuals with a current diagnosis of anxiety or depression but no OCD symptoms (n=39) on the Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO PI-R Form S). Of particular interest was whether individuals with OCD would differ from other clinically anxious/depressed individuals on the actions facet of the FFM, as this facet is known to be related to harm and risk avoidance, and previous research suggests specific relationships between these forms of avoidance and OCD. Individuals with OCD were found to have lower scores on the actions, competence and self-discipline facets. These results add further support to previous research that suggests unique associations between trait domains and facets of the FFM and OCD.

Criterion A Scales: Convergent, Discriminant, and Structural Relationships

Assessment ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 107319112094716
Author(s):  
Gillian A. McCabe ◽  
Joshua R. Oltmanns ◽  
Thomas A. Widiger
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Criterion A ◽  
Alternative Measures ◽  
Pathological Personality Traits

The alternative model of personality disorder was created to address the apparent failings of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders–Fourth edition–text revision personality disorder diagnostic categories and consists of Criterion A (i.e., personality functioning) and Criterion B (i.e., pathological personality traits). There are now four alternative measures of the Criterion A impairments but, perhaps surprisingly, no study has yet compared any one of them with any one of the other three. The current study assesses the convergent (and discriminant) validity of all four, as well as their structural relationship with the five-factor model (FFM), a widely accepted model for understanding the structure of normal and pathological personality traits. Exploratory structural equation modeling analyses of the Criterion A measures and FFM scales demonstrate that the Criterion A self-identity scale can be understood as a maladaptive variant of FFM neuroticism. Moreover, results indicate no appreciable discriminant validity in the assessment of the Criterion A impairments—the Criterion A scales correlated more highly within measures than across alternative measures, even when measuring the same construct. Implications of these findings for the conceptualization and assessment of Criterion A self and interpersonal impairments are discussed.

Five-Factor Model Personality Traits Associated With Alcohol-Related Diagnoses in a Clinical Sample

2007 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 455-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher J. Hopwood ◽  
Leslie C. Morey ◽  
Andrew E. Skodol ◽  
Robert L. Stout ◽  
Shirley Yen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Five Factor Model

scholarly journals Five-Factor Model Personality Disorder traits, health behaviors, health perceptions, and insomnia symptoms in older adults

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua R. Oltmanns ◽  
Thomas A. Widiger
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Health Behaviors ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Health Perceptions ◽  
Categorical Models ◽  
Insomnia Symptoms

Personality traits predict physical health outcomes including health behaviors, health perceptions, disease, and mortality. Maladaptive traits of personality disorders may predict even more variance in physical health indicators. Dimensional models of maladaptive personality traits are replacing categorical models of personality disorder, and the five-factor model of personality disorder (FFMPD) is a useful dimensional model of maladaptive traits. However, there has been little work investigating the criterion validity of the FFMPD. The present study serves as a broad initial overview of the FFMPD scales in the prediction of health behaviors, heath perceptions, and insomnia symptoms across two timepoints in a representative community sample of older adults (N = 1,060). Findings indicate that the FFMPD scales explain a significant amount of variance in the physical health variables across time. Exploratory analyses indicate that the FFMPD traits have incremental validity over covariates, normal-range personality traits, and personality disorder criteria.

scholarly journals Five-Factor Model Personality Disorder Traits, Health Behaviors, Health Perceptions, and Insomnia Symptoms in Older Adults

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-28
Author(s):  
Joshua R. Oltmanns ◽  
Thomas A. Widiger
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Health Behaviors ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Categorical Models ◽  
Insomnia Symptoms

Personality traits predict physical health outcomes, including health behaviors, disease, and mortality. Maladaptive traits of personality disorders may predict even more variance in physical health indicators. Dimensional models of maladaptive personality traits are replacing categorical models of personality disorder, and the Five-Factor Model of personality disorder (FFMPD) is a useful dimensional model of maladaptive traits. However, there has been little work investigating the criterion validity of the FFMPD. The present study serves as a broad initial overview of the FFMPD scales in the prediction of health behaviors, heath perceptions, and insomnia symptoms across two time points in a representative community sample of older adults (N = 1,060). Findings indicate that the FFMPD scales explain a significant amount of variance in the physical health variables across time. Exploratory analyses indicate that the FFMPD traits have incremental validity over covariates, normal-range personality traits, and personality disorder criteria.

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