scholarly journals The General Factor of Personality (GFP) and Vocational Interests: a Test of Social Effectiveness at the Behavioral and Genetic Level

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimitri van der Linden ◽  
Curtis S. Dunkel ◽  
Eveline J. De Zeeuw ◽  
Peiqian Wu ◽  
Dirk H. M. Pelt
Keyword(s):  
Large Data ◽  
Vocational Interests ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
General Factor ◽  
Social Effectiveness ◽  
Professional Worker ◽  
General Factor Of Personality ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Genetic Level ◽  
National Merit Twin Study

AbstractPrevious studies have examined how personality models (e.g., Big Five, HEXACO) relate to vocational interests. We adopt a novel approach by testing the associations between personality and vocational interests from the perspective of the general factor of personality (GFP). One interpretation of the GFP is that it reflects social effectiveness. Based on this interpretation, we predicted that the GFP is particularly related to interest in social jobs because people generally tend to be attracted to activities in which they perform well. To test this, we used four large data sets: the Professional Worker Career Experience Survey (study 1a; N = 752), OpenPsychometrics.org (study 1b, N = 108,209), Project Talent (study 2; N = 81,130), and the National Merit Twin Study (study 3: N = 1536 in 768 twin pairs). In each sample, we presented the direct associations as well as the results after using control variables (gender and cognitive ability). In study 1a and 1b, the GFP particularly related to interest in social and enterprising occupations. In study 2, the GFP related to interest in working with people and was also associated with a range of occupational scales involving social aspects. In study 3, the GFP only showed a consistent relation with social interests. This association was present at the phenotypical as well as genetic level. Notwithstanding some variation in findings across the different studies, the overall pattern seems to be in line with the notion that the GFP is positively associated with the preference for more socially laden jobs.

scholarly journals How Universal Is the General Factor of Personality? An Analysis of the Big Five in Forager Farmers of the Bolivian Amazon

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (7) ◽  
pp. 1081-1097 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimitri van der Linden ◽  
Curtis S. Dunkel ◽  
Aurelio Jose Figueredo ◽  
Michael Gurven ◽  
Christopher von Rueden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Big Five ◽  
Social Engagement ◽  
Personality Factor ◽  
General Factor ◽  
Industrial Countries ◽  
Social Effectiveness ◽  
General Factor Of Personality ◽  
Bolivian Amazon ◽  
Interviewer Ratings ◽  
Personality Models

In various personality models, such as the Big Five, a consistent higher order general factor of personality (GFP) can be identified. One view in the literature is that the GFP reflects general social effectiveness. Most GFP studies, however, have been conducted in Western, educated, industrialized, and rich democracies (WEIRD). Therefore, to address the question of the universality of the GFP, we test whether the GFP can also be identified in a preliterate indigenous sample of Tsimane by using self-reports, spouse reports, and interviewer ratings. In the Tsimane, a viable GFP could be identified and the intercorrelations between personality traits were significantly stronger than in samples from industrial countries. The GFP correlated with the ratings of social engagement. In addition, self and spouse ratings of the GFP overlapped. Overall, the findings are in line with the notion that the GFP is a human universal and a substantive personality factor reflecting social effectiveness.

scholarly journals Is there a Meaningful General Factor of Personality?

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimitri Van der Linden ◽  
Curtis S. Dunkel ◽  
Peiqian Wu
Keyword(s):  
Response Bias ◽  
Big Five ◽  
General Factor ◽  
Practical Relevance ◽  
Ongoing Debate ◽  
Social Effectiveness ◽  
General Factor Of Personality ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract Numerous studies and meta-analyses have now confirmed that personality traits tend to correlate such that a general factor of personality (GFP) emerges. Nevertheless, there is an ongoing debate about what these correlations, and therefore the GFP, represents. One interpretation is that the GFP reflects a substantive factor that indicates general social effectiveness or emotional intelligence. Another interpretation is that the GFP merely is an artifact based on measurement or response bias. In the present paper, we elaborate on a selection of topics that are central to the debate about this construct. Specifically, we discuss (a) the GFP in relation to more specific personality dimensions (e.g., Big Five, facets), (b) the validity of the GFP and under what circumstances it seems to ‘disappear’, and (c) the theoretical and practical relevance of the general factor. Overall, the review should provide insight into the nature of the GFP and whether or not it represents a meaningful factor that can contribute to a better understanding of personality.

scholarly journals Overlap between general factors of psychopathology and personality: They share associations with daily life functioning and communication style

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimitri van der Linden ◽  
Curtis S. Dunkel ◽  
Peter Prinzie ◽  
Misa Yamanaka-Altenstein ◽  
Agnes von Wyl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Daily Life ◽  
Communication Style ◽  
Communication Styles ◽  
General Factor ◽  
Global Assessment Of Functioning ◽  
Social Effectiveness ◽  
General Factor Of Personality ◽  
Life Functioning ◽  
Self Reports ◽  
The Impact

AbstractPrevious studies have shown that specific personality dimensions, -e.g., the Big Five-, consistently intercorrelate, such that they form a general factor of personality (GFP). It has been hypothesized that the GFP reflects social effectiveness. Similarly, in the clinical domain, overlap between various psychopathological symptoms has also been reported, leading to a general factor of Psychopathology, or p factor. The aim of this study was to test the overlap between the higher-order factors in personality and psychopathology, and how they relate to daily life functioning and communication style. We tested a sample of 165 outpatients of a psychological therapy institute, using a multi-source approach that included self-reports and other ratings. The outpatients’ self-reports of personality, general psychological problems, and interpersonal problems were available. Psychotherapists rated the outpatients’ functioning in daily life with the well-known Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) scale. A spouse or friend also rated the impact of the patient’s communication/social behavior. Patients with lower GFP scores and higher scores on general psychopathology, displayed more distress and daily functioning deficits (i.e., lower GAF scores) and, in terms of communication styles, were also rated as being less dominant, less in control socially, and more submissive and aggressive. We proposed that part of the overlap between the general factors (GFP, psychopathology factors) may relate to a lower general life functioning and less social effectiveness.

scholarly journals A Novel Approach to Pharmacy Practice Law Instruction

Pharmacy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Matthew Deneff ◽  
Lisa M. Holle ◽  
Jill M. Fitzgerald ◽  
Kathryn Wheeler
Keyword(s):  
Student Perceptions ◽  
Pharmacy Practice ◽  
Pharmacy Education ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
State Laws ◽  
Institutional Review ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Course Changes ◽  
Main Component

Pharmacy law instruction is often taught as a didactic course; however practical application of pharmacy law is a main component of pharmacy practice. Technology-based simulations are becoming more frequently used to enhance didactic pharmacy education. The goal of this study was to evaluate the utility of and student perceptions on the usefulness of MyDispense community pharmacy simulation for additional law instruction that if successful might prompt curricular revamping. This Institutional Review Board–approved, two-year, qualitative, prospective, survey study was conducted in a case study class where students completed MyDispense exercises focused on common legal issues that arise in practice, both individually before and within groups during class. Participating students completed a qualitative survey directed at use of MyDispense for pharmacy law review, which included a series of close-ended questions graded on a Likert scale and open-ended questions thematically grouped. Thirty-eight (41%) and twenty-eight (31%) students completed surveys in 2017 and 2018, respectively. The majority of respondents felt exercises improved their understanding of pharmacy laws, focused on challenging areas, and were more interesting than additional lectures. However, certain topics were reported as irrelevant based on practice experiences or not ideal for simulation, and students desired exercises on state laws versus pharmacy policies. Students reported the MyDispense simulation exercises helped them to recall pharmacy laws and focus on topics that were challenging. These study results prompted curricular revamping to incorporate MyDispense throughout the curriculum for practice in recognizing and solving legal scenarios, along with didactic course changes.

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