scholarly journals Trustworthy Augmented Intelligence in Health Care

2022 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elliott Crigger ◽  
Karen Reinbold ◽  
Chelsea Hanson ◽  
Audiey Kao ◽  
Kathleen Blake ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Medical Community ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Innovative Technologies ◽  
Quadruple Aim ◽  
Regulatory Systems ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Reducing Costs

AbstractAugmented Intelligence (AI) systems have the power to transform health care and bring us closer to the quadruple aim: enhancing patient experience, improving population health, reducing costs, and improving the work life of health care providers. Earning physicians' trust is critical for accelerating adoption of AI into patient care. As technology evolves, the medical community will need to develop standards for these innovative technologies and re-visit current regulatory systems that physicians and patients rely on to ensure that health care AI is responsible, evidence-based, free from bias, and designed and deployed to promote equity. To develop actionable guidance for trustworthy AI in health care, the AMA reviewed literature on the challenges health care AI poses and reflected on existing guidance as a starting point for addressing those challenges (including models for regulating the introduction of innovative technologies into clinical care).

Genetic Predispositions, Prophylactic Treatments and Private Health Insurance: Nothing is Better Than a Good Pair of Genes

1997 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra K. Glazier
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Genetic Predisposition ◽  
Genetic Linkage ◽  
Dna Analysis ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Medical Community ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Linkage Studies ◽  
Prophylactic Measures

Discovering the genetic basis of a particular disease is not only of great interest to the medical community; private health insurers are also anxiously awaiting the results of genetic linkage studies. Apart from the scientific value of DNA studies, the results of genetic linkage research are relevant to health care delivery in two principal ways. First, identifying the genetic origin of a disease may allow doctors to detect the disease earlier. If doctors know that an individual is genetically predisposed to a particular disease, then health care providers can increase screening efforts and watch for early symptoms. Second, if an individual has a genetic predisposition to a particular disease, health care providers may employ preventive or “prophylactic" measures to reduce or eliminate the risk of developing the disease or condition to which the individual is genetically predisposed. Genetic linkage studies will soon allow more individuals to learn of their own genetic predispositions to certain diseases. Currently genetic predisposition tests (both pedigrees of family history and DNA analysis) can indicate that an individual is at high risk for developing a disease.

Workplace Fatigue Within Summer Camp: Perspectives From Camp Health Care Providers and Directors

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-87
Author(s):  
Alexsandra Dubin ◽  
Barry A. Garst ◽  
Tracey Gaslin ◽  
Beth E. Schultz
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Employee Performance ◽  
Summer Camps ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Frontline Staff ◽  
Analysis Process ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Negative Impacts

Background: Summer camps engage millions of youth in enrichment opportunities during the summertime while employing a substantial young adult workforce to provide high-quality programs and services to camp participants. Workplace fatigue has been implicated in camp-related injury and illness events, yet few studies have targeted fatigue among camp employees. Purpose: This study aimed to better understand how fatigue impacted employee performance as well as strategies for reducing the negative impacts of fatigue within camp settings. Methodology/Approach: Focus groups were conducted with camp health care providers and directors, and their responses were analyzed using directed content analysis. The analysis process was guided by sensitizing concepts from the literature. Findings/Conclusions: Emergent themes suggested that camp-related fatigue is conceptualized as a construct of time, types, and causes; is a distinct experience leading to setting-specific outcomes; is managed using administrative and peer supports; and is sometimes perceived in positive ways. Implications: This exploratory study highlighted the unique challenges associated with working in a camp setting and the potential development of fatigue as a starting point informing future research. It suggests that future research should include a broader study population, including frontline staff, as well as possible quantitative measures.

scholarly journals Nurses' performance on hospital discharge: patients' point of view

2007 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 345-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniele Alcalá Pompeo ◽  
Maria Helena Pinto ◽  
Claudia Bernardi Cesarino ◽  
Renilda Rosa Dias Ferreira de Araújo ◽  
Nadia Antonia Aparecida Poletti
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Hospital Discharge ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Discharge Process ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Discharge Instructions ◽  
Effective Discharge ◽  
Number Of Patients

OBJECTIVE: To know the hospital discharge process in place and the nurses' performance in preparing patients for discharge. METHODS: A descriptive study using semi-structured interviews was used to collect data from 43 patients of medical-surgical units of a major teaching hospital in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. RESULTS: The majority of patients (83.72%) received tailored discharge instructions. However, a great number of patients (72.08%) reported discharge instructions were not given by nurses. Almost a half of patients (48.84%) reported that discharge instructions were given by their physicians. CONCLUSION: The findings of this study provide insights to improve the educational process of new nurses and their preparation to provide effective discharge instructions. There is also a need to design and implement a hospital discharge process that promotes the participation of interdisciplinary health care providers who are involved in patient clinical care. This discharge process might be an effective way to change health care providers' attitude toward discharge instructions.

Medicine, Spirituality, Religion, and Psychology

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly M. Trevino ◽  
Kenneth I. Pargament
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Spiritual Needs ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Religion And Psychology ◽  
And Coping ◽  
The Relationship

The current chapter examines the relationship between religion/spirituality (R/S) and medicine through the psychological lens of a religious coping framework. This relationship is considered at the theoretical, patient, caregiver, and care team levels. The R/S beliefs, practices, and coping strategies of patients, informal caregivers, and health care providers in the context of illness is then discussed. A large body of research demonstrates the important role of R/S in how patients and caregivers understand and cope with illness. Similarly, many health care providers view illness and their clinical care through a R/S lens and believe that attending to patients’ spiritual needs is part of their professional role. The chapter concludes with a brief review of psycho-spiritual interventions in medical populations.

scholarly journals Dietary Supplements: Knowledge and Adverse Event Reporting Practices of Department of Defense Health Care Providers

2020 ◽  
Vol 185 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 2076-2081
Author(s):  
Melissa Rittenhouse ◽  
Jonathan Scott ◽  
Patricia Deuster
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Adverse Event ◽  
Dietary Supplements ◽  
Drug Administration ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Department Of Defense ◽  
Food And Drug Administration ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Reporting Practices

Abstract Introduction The purpose of the study was to assess the knowledge of dietary supplements (DS) and adverse event (AE) reporting practices of the Department of Defense health care providers. AEs related to use of DS are not uncommon. However, it is estimated that less than 2% of AEs are reported. This is problematic given the Food and Drug Administration relies on AE reports to identify and ultimately remove unsafe products from the market. Inadequate reporting of AE puts all DS users at risk. Materials and Methods Cross-sectional design was used. Electronic surveys were sent to the Department of Defense health care professionals (HCPs) and Emergency Medicine (EM) physicians asking questions about practices regarding DS and AE knowledge and reporting behaviors. The surveys were open for 5 months. During this period of time, HCPs received three email reminders following the initial email to enhance participation. The computer package IBM SPSS version 25 software (IBM Corp. Released 2017. IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 21.0, Armonk, New York) was used for statistical analysis. Frequency distributions of the responses were analyzed. Results Of the 1,700 surveyed, 270 HCPs and 68 EM physicians completed the surveys. At least 39% of HCPs reported never receiving formal DS training. Seventy-two percent of HCPs reported asking their patients about the use of DS. However, when asked if they knew where to report an AE, only 40% of HCPs knew where to report an AE and only 38% knew how to report an AE. Of the EM physicians, only 38% asked their patients about DS. However, a majority (78%) reported that they had encountered an AE. EM physicians also reported they lacked knowledge regarding where (87%) and how (87%) to report AE. Conclusions It is clear that physician and nonphysician HCPs would benefit from additional training about DS and how and where to report suspected AE. Providing regular training on risks, common AE, and how and where to report an AE would help fill the knowledge gap in the ever-changing DS industry. Addressing these issues and coming up with a solution to integrating AE reporting into clinical care could improve health care practices and increase AE reporting to the Food and Drug Administration, which would have a beneficial impact on patient care, public safety, and mission readiness.

scholarly journals Quality Assurance of Health Wearables Data: Participatory Workshop on Barriers, Solutions, and Expectations (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robab Abdolkhani ◽  
Kathleen Gray ◽  
Ann Borda ◽  
Ruth DeSouza
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Quality Assurance ◽  
Data Quality ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Participatory Design ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Interactive Methods ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Clinical Practices

BACKGROUND The ubiquity of health wearables and the consequent production of patient-generated health data (PGHD) are rapidly escalating. However, the utilization of PGHD in routine clinical practices is still low because of data quality issues. There is no agreed approach to PGHD quality assurance; therefore, realizing the promise of PGHD requires in-depth discussion among diverse stakeholders to identify the data quality assurance challenges they face and understand their needs for PGHD quality assurance. OBJECTIVE This paper reports findings from a workshop aimed to explore stakeholders’ data quality challenges, identify their needs and expectations, and offer practical solutions. METHODS A qualitative multi-stakeholder workshop was conducted as a half-day event on the campus of an Australian University located in a major health care precinct, namely the Melbourne Parkville Precinct. The 18 participants had experience of PGHD use in clinical care, including people who identified as health care consumers, clinical care providers, wearables suppliers, and health information specialists. Data collection was done by facilitators capturing written notes of the proceedings as attendees engaged in participatory design activities in written and oral formats, using a range of whole-group and small-group interactive methods. The collected data were analyzed thematically, using deductive and inductive coding. RESULTS The participants’ discussions revealed a range of technical, behavioral, operational, and organizational challenges surrounding PGHD, from the time when data are collected by patients to the time data are used by health care providers for clinical decision making. PGHD stakeholders found consensus on training and engagement needs, continuous collaboration among stakeholders, and development of technical and policy standards to assure PGHD quality. CONCLUSIONS Assuring PGHD quality is a complex process that requires the contribution of all PGHD stakeholders. The variety and depth of inputs in our workshop highlighted the importance of co-designing guidance for PGHD quality guidance.

Preclinical Lectures in Medical Formation: Professionalism, Ethics and Responsibility

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (Special Issue) ◽  
pp. 118-118
Author(s):  
Cristian Cezar Login ◽  
◽  
Simona Clichici ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Medical Training ◽  
Teaching Experience ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Professional Values ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Ethical Attitudes ◽  
Starting Point

"Future doctors are the result of the present-day medical education and they bear the professional and attitudinal imprint of their mentors and instructors. The academic interaction between students and professors represents a key element in the scientific and professional training of future health care providers. Preclinical disciplines represent the foundation of the medical training system, on which the student will develop and integrate clinical skills. Therefore, preclinical topics have to offer accurate and updated information, working paradigms, and approaches to the development of professional values and ethical attitudes. Taking as starting point the teaching experience of the authors, we focused on the analysis of the interaction between three key concepts – professionalism, ethics and responsibility – concerning both the instructor and the student. These interrelated concepts will be approached from the viewpoint of all participants, instructors and students, in the contemporary context of the enormous volume of ever-changing scientific information and of the easy access to it. In order to select accurate data needed today and equally oriented towards future, information should always be filtered. The instructor is responsible not only to provide students with scientific data but also to stimulate and to develop flexibility, openness and critical thinking, while respecting ethical values. Through the offered scientific content, approaches, professional values and ethical attitudes, instructors transmit to the students a model of integrity in profession, ethics and responsibility, which will have consequences on the way they will choose to practice health care and medical research professions. "

scholarly journals Use of Standardized Patients in Endocrinology Fellowship Programs to Teach Competent Transgender Care

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary O Stevenson ◽  
R Craig Sineath ◽  
J Sonya Haw ◽  
Vin Tangpricha
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Patient Care ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Medical Knowledge ◽  
Standardized Patients ◽  
Standardized Patient ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Patient Encounter ◽  
Self Assessment

Abstract Purpose Transgender and gender-nonconforming individuals have unique health care needs and have difficulty accessing health care services because of a lack of qualified health care providers, insurance coverage, mistreatment, and bias by the medical community. Medical trainees and physicians report a lack of education in, and exposure to, the clinical care and unique aspects of this field. We assessed the use of a standardized patient as a tool to evaluate 4 core medical competencies (patient care, medical knowledge, professionalism, and interpersonal communication) of endocrinology fellows at a single training program. Methods Endocrine fellows were evaluated by faculty in different aspects of transgender care and completed a self-assessment before and after the exercise. Faculty viewed the fellows during the Objective Clinical Structured Examination. Fellows were provided feedback by a faculty member and the standardized patient after the exercise. Results Deficits were found in patient care and professionalism. Fellows scored well in medical knowledge. Fellows did not report an improvement in comfort and communication skills after the exercise. Interestingly, fellows’ self-assessment scores in several domains declined after the standardized patient encounter, highlighting an occasion for self-reflection and growth within the realms of cultural competency and medical knowledge. Main conclusions We conclude that use of standardized patients to teach medical competencies in transgender medicine may be one approach to improve exposure to, and training in, transgender medicine. Endocrine fellows still had discomfort treating transgender individuals after the standardized patient encounter and require other training activities that may include didactics and clinical case discussions.

scholarly journals Positive Psychology in Lifestyle Medicine and Health Care: Strategies for Implementation

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 480-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liana S. Lianov ◽  
Barbara L. Fredrickson ◽  
Carrie Barron ◽  
Janani Krishnaswami ◽  
Anne Wallace
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Positive Psychology ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Well Being ◽  
World Health ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Lifestyle Medicine

Prevention and treatment of lifestyle-related diseases are realized through leading a healthy lifestyle. Activities supporting positive psychology can facilitate healthy behaviors and improve physiological health. Adding such activities to clinical care promotes attainment of the physical, social, and emotional elements of health, as defined by the World Health Organization—leading to (1) prolonged lifespan and quality of life, (2) lowered costs of care, and (3) reduced rates of provider burnout. A key challenge remains the translation of positive psychology–based practices into practical, implementable strategies by health care providers. An essential step is collaboration of positive psychology and health care researchers and practitioners to develop standards, terms, and measures and arrive at evidence-based clinical approaches addressing total well-being. The first Summit on Happiness Science in Healthcare enabled national experts and stakeholders in lifestyle medicine, medical education, health care administration, psychology, and community welfare to convene and identify best practices for practical implementation of positive psychology science into health care. This article draws on the summit discussions to address the gap between positive psychology theory and practical implementation in health care. We briefly summarize the positive psychology–health outcomes relationship and present key strategies needed to bridge this gap.

scholarly journals Increasing Gender Awareness to Reduce Harm in Health Care

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-87
Author(s):  
Alex Iantaffi
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Guest Editorial ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Gender Identities ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Gender Awareness ◽  
Competent Health Care

In this guest editorial, the author first discusses how gender is a historical and biopsychosocial construct. This means that there are many aspects of gender besides identity, such as gender expressions, roles and experiences. They address how this issue highlights some of these aspects but that these are not exhaustive, given the topic. They highlight how being able to consider our own gender identities, roles, expressions and experiences is an essential starting point if we are to be competent health-care providers. Finally, they suggest that stories might be one way to learn about aspects of gender we may not be as familiar with, as they allow us to connect emotionally, not just cognitively, with these aspects.

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