scholarly journals Valence and Origin of Emotional Words Influence on Subsequent Perception of Ambiguous Stimuli in Terms of Competence Versus Warmth

2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 1549-1571 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamil K. Imbir
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Words ◽  
Ambiguous Stimuli

scholarly journals Can valence and origin of emotional words influence the assessments of ambiguous stimuli in terms of warmth or competence?

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e10488
Author(s):  
Kamil K. Imbir ◽  
Maciej Pastwa
Keyword(s):  
Affective State ◽  
General Character ◽  
Dual Processes ◽  
Emotional Words ◽  
Emotional Factors ◽  
Frequency Of Use ◽  
Ambiguous Stimuli ◽  
Positive Valence ◽  
The Mind ◽  
Origin Effect

People tend to think that emotions influence the way they think in a spectacular way. We wanted to determine whether it is possible to prime the assessments of ambiguous stimuli by presenting emotion-laden words. We did not expect the differences in assessments that depend only on the emotional factors to be particularly large. Participants were presented with words differing in valence and origin of an affective state, but aligned for arousal, concreteness, length and frequency of use. Their first task was to remember a word. While keeping the word in mind, their second task was to guess by intuition whether the symbol was related to certain traits. Participants assessed objects represented by coding symbols on the scales of warmth or competence. We expected positive valence and automatic origin to promote higher ratings in terms of warmth and reflective origin to promote higher ratings in terms of competence. Positive valence appeared to boost assessments in terms of both warmth and competence, while the origin effect was found to be dissociative: automatic origin promoted intensity of warmth assessments and reflective origin intensity of competence assessments. The study showed an existing relation between emotional and social aspects of the mind, and therefore supports the conclusion that both domains may result from dual processes of a more general character.

scholarly journals Spring Break or Heart Break? Extending Valence Bias to Emotional Words

2020 ◽  
pp. 194855062097229
Author(s):  
Nicholas R. Harp ◽  
Catherine C. Brown ◽  
Maital Neta
Keyword(s):  
Response Times ◽  
Intersubject Variability ◽  
Slow Response ◽  
Emotional Words ◽  
Spring Break ◽  
Ambiguous Words ◽  
Ambiguous Stimuli ◽  
Emotional Bias ◽  
Inherent Ambiguity ◽  
Ambiguous Faces

Ambiguous stimuli are useful for assessing emotional bias. For example, surprised faces could convey a positive or negative meaning, and the degree to which an individual interprets these expressions as positive or negative represents their “valence bias.” Currently, the most well-validated ambiguous stimuli for assessing valence bias include nonverbal signals (faces and scenes), overlooking an inherent ambiguity in verbal signals. This study identified 32 words with dual-valence ambiguity (i.e., relatively high intersubject variability in valence ratings and relatively slow response times) and length-matched clearly valenced words (16 positive, 16 negative). Preregistered analyses demonstrated that the words-based valence bias correlated with the bias for faces, rs(213) = .27, p < .001, and scenes, rs(204) = .46, p < .001. That is, the same people who interpret ambiguous faces/scenes as positive also interpret ambiguous words as positive. These findings provide a novel tool for measuring valence bias and greater generalizability, resulting in a more robust measure of this bias.

scholarly journals Spring break or heart break? Extending valence bias to emotional words

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas Harp ◽  
Catie Brown ◽  
Maital Neta
Keyword(s):  
Response Times ◽  
Slow Response ◽  
Emotional Words ◽  
Spring Break ◽  
Ambiguous Words ◽  
Subject Variability ◽  
Ambiguous Stimuli ◽  
Emotional Bias ◽  
Inherent Ambiguity ◽  
Ambiguous Faces

Ambiguous stimuli are useful for assessing emotional bias. For example, surprised faces could convey a positive or negative meaning, and the degree to which an individual interprets these expressions as positive or negative represents their “valence bias.” Currently, the most well-validated ambiguous stimuli for assessing valence bias include nonverbal signals (faces and scenes), overlooking an inherent ambiguity in verbal signals. This study identified 32 words with dual-valence ambiguity (i.e., relatively high inter-subject variability in valence ratings and relatively slow response times) and length-matched clearly valenced words (16 positive, 16 negative). Preregistered analyses demonstrated that the words-based valence bias correlated with the bias for faces (rs(213)=.27, p&lt;.001) and scenes (rs(204)=.46, p&lt;.001). That is, the same people that interpret ambiguous faces/scenes as positive also interpret ambiguous words as positive. These findings provide a novel tool for measuring valence bias and greater generalizability resulting in a more robust measure of this bias.

Individual Differences and Hemispheric Asymmetry While Processing Emotional Words

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 137-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindsay M. Niccolai ◽  
Thomas Holtgraves
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Hemispheric Asymmetry ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Decision Task ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Hemispheric Differences ◽  
Affective Valence ◽  
Emotional Words ◽  
Emotion Words ◽  
The Right

This research examined differences in the perception of emotion words as a function of individual differences in subclinical levels of depression and anxiety. Participants completed measures of depression and anxiety and performed a lexical decision task for words varying in affective valence (but equated for arousal) that were presented briefly to the right or left visual field. Participants with a lower level of depression demonstrated hemispheric asymmetry with a bias toward words presented to the left hemisphere, but participants with a higher level of depression displayed no hemispheric differences. Participants with a lower level of depression also demonstrated a bias toward positive words, a pattern that did not occur for participants with a higher level of depression. A similar pattern occurred for anxiety. Overall, this study demonstrates how variability in levels of depression and anxiety can influence the perception of emotion words, with patterns that are consistent with past research.

Non-emotional encoding of emotional words and memory

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Gutierrez ◽  
Maura Pilotti ◽  
Travis Simcox ◽  
Jennifer Fazzolari ◽  
Steven Hogan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Words

Direct Realism and Illusion

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Christopher Maloney
Keyword(s):  
Perceptual Experience ◽  
Direct Realism ◽  
Perceptual Representation ◽  
Perceptual Error ◽  
Standard Response ◽  
Perceptual Representations ◽  
Ambiguous Stimuli ◽  
Physical Objects ◽  
Apparent Problem

The supposed problem of perceptual error, including illusion and hallucination, has led most theories of perception to deny formulations of direct realism. The standard response to this apparent problem adopts the mistaken presupposition that perception is indeed liable to error. However, the prevailing conditions of observation are themselves elements of perceptual representation, functioning in the manner of predicate modifiers. They ensure that the predicates applied in perceptual representations do indeed correctly attribute properties that perceived physical objects actually instantiate. Thus, perceptual representations are immune to misrepresentation of the sort misguidedly supposed by the spurious problem of perceptual misrepresentation. Granted the possibility that perceptual attribution admits of predicate modification, it is quite possible that perceptual experience permits both rudimentary and sophisticated conceptualization. Moreover, such treatment of perceptual predication rewards by providing an account of aspect alteration exemplified by perception of ambiguous stimuli.

Processing of emotionally ambiguous stimuli in eating disorders: an fMRI pilot study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petra Holštajn Zemánková ◽  
Martin Gajdoš ◽  
Miroslav Světlák ◽  
Martin Bareš ◽  
Jan Širůček ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Ambiguous Stimuli
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