An Analysis of Inconsistent Methodology to Compute Permanent Future Nursing Care Costs in Personal Injury Claim

Restitutio in integrum has been the underlying basis of assessment for damages under the corrective compensation scheme of the law of tort. This doctrine commands restoration of the claimant to the pre-existing condition prior to the commission of the tort. While this basis of assessment has no apparent problem in respect of pecuniary part of the claimable damages in a personal injury claim, however, from another side of the spectrum, there is an inconsistent methodology as to how to precisely calculate the ‘price’ of pain or even future loss. As a result, judicial activism plays its part in promoting its creativity of solution to the problem, leading to inconsistent methodology on this spectrum of damages that bears diverse output. The objective of this paper is to highlight the flaws of the inconsistent methodology for the assessment of permanent future nursing care. The method used for this research is by tracing the relevant authorities that use the various methods of computing the multiplier and analysing the outcome of each method. The findings revealed anomalies of output as each method produces different output without any qualification on why a particular method is chosen. This flaw in the computation of the multiplier for future losses other than related to loss of earnings should not remain viable as there is no consistency of the output based on similar factual circumstances. One of the solutions for this debacle is to forgo lump sum payment altogether and move towards structured settlement payment.

Kidnapping in Nigeria: A Social Threat to Educational Institutions, Human Existence and Unity

This paper examined the problem of kidnapping and its consequences in Nigeria. Kidnapping has the potential of creating social tension, psychological trauma (mental and emotional problems), insecurity, untimely death and others in the society. It has been observed and identified that kidnapping is not a new crime in Nigeria and other countries of the world. But the apparent problem of kidnapping is the current growth rate in all parts of the country and the benefits the perpetrators are deriving from this criminal activity. In this study, some challenges were identified. They include: poverty, unemployment, politics and religion. The mode of kidnappers' operations have been identified and its prevalence, apart from the causes attributed to the laxity in the implementation process to prosecute the offenders. As a result of these findings, it is suggested that the issue of ransom payment by the families/relatives of the victims to kidnappers should be seriously condemned. Government on their part, should endeavour to create employment for the teeming population of youths as this will help to reduce the proliferation of kidnappers. Security agents should be well equipped with sophisticated guns to wage war against kidnappers. This will no doubt help to restore peace and security in the country.

Black Holes as Evidence of God’s Care

As black holes gravitationally draw matter toward their event horizons, a high proportion of this matter is converted into energy. Radiation from this conversion process is deadly for advanced life. The apparent incompatibility of black holes with advanced life raises a problem for Christians and other theists who believe that God planned the rise of advanced life on Earth. Yet additional scientific data may help to resolve this apparent problem. This article argues that a universe with the mass and laws and constants of physics to make advanced life possible will inevitably produce black holes, and this is good news. When the most massive stars and merging neutron stars become black holes, they manufacture elements heavier than iron. Eight of these r-process elements appear essential for advanced life; the remainder appear essential for enduring life and for advanced civilization. Moreover, though black holes produce deadly radiation in all known regions of the universe where advanced life is conceivable, our solar system is protected from this deadly radiation. By apparent fine-tuning, we live in a uniquely safe and uniquely provisioned location. These scientific findings suggest a way that theists can reconcile the existence of black holes with the existence of a Creator.

Mining damage management system with a stakeholder communication component

The paper presents an original algorithmfor a mining damage management system with a stakeholder communication component.The paper addresses the issue of communication with stakeholders of mining companies, more specifically, with local stakeholders (hosts) who face the problem of damage caused by the mining activities of companies. Efficient and effective communication in case of occurrence and reporting of damages is extremely important for the image and quality of relations with local communities. However, there is an apparent problem in the industry with the speed and efficiency of processing claims. The authors of the paper propose a procedural model to improve this process. The algorithm is based on the Servqual methodology, with parallel accounting,according to the project management triangle, of the elements of scope, finance, time, and quality. The algorithm is fully functional and comprehensive. Not only does it guide through the next steps, indicating times and personal responsibility, but it also includes draft input and output documents. It provides an effective guide for the conduct of each notification, describing the course of actions and indicating the necessary actions to be taken.

Contextualism

The threat of determinism suggests that every action, including the action of holding morally responsible, is both the best and worst of all possible alternatives. This seems to pose a problem for consequentialist approaches to determinism, and moral responsibility. The solution is to appeal to the conversational context of praising, blaming, judging right and wrong, holding responsible, and the like. Even if, strictly speaking, an agent couldn’t have done otherwise, conversational context may select certain counterpossible alternatives as the relevant ones with which to compare the action. The non-identity “problem,” popularized by Parfit, suggests that the existential dependence of people on our actions creates puzzles, problems even, for some common approaches to ethics. A scalar version of consequentialism, combined with a contextualist semantics for some moral terms, dissolves the apparent problem. The scalar contextualist approach has practical implications for our moral discourse.

Plant health and arborization of two squares in the municipality of Belterra, Pará, Brazil

A quality arborization in cities and, mainly, in public places destined for entertainment, such as squares, is indispensable for the well-being of the population, besides, to contribute to the aesthetic enhance of the environment. Thus, this work aimed to analyze the phytosanitary nature of tree vegetation in two squares, Brazil square and square of Estrada 8, located in the municipality of Belterra, in the west part of the state of Pará. The number of individuals found at Brazil square was 56, while at square of Estrada 8, it was 21. According to the results, 61% of crowns of the first square, and around 70% in the second one, were in good health. The tree stems in the two squares did not show any apparent problem, the values of sanity for them were 67%, and 60%, respectively. Concerning the root situation, about 83% of the individuals analyzed at Brazil square had no problems, only one individual from Ipê pointed to rot in their roots. However, at the square of Estrada 8, about 79% had no damaged roots. In Brazil square, 67% of the species are regularly pruned, although, the ficus trees showed a need for removal, indicating 4% of the individuals with severe phytosanitary problems with termite attack. At square of Estrada 8, it is necessary to remove 38% of individuals, followed by 35% of pruning, replacement by 6% and only 21% of arboreal individuals are in an adequate situation for urban squares.

Gender Discourse in the Perceptions of Educational Relations Participants in the St. Petersburg Schools

This research paper presents results of the two years study aimed at eliciting gender segregation among the teaching school personnel in the schools of St. Petersburg. The topic is being elaborated through the lens of the education relationships stakeholders (teachers, parents, learners, school management) own views on the problem. Paper shows that the views of the respondents depend on their age, gender and position in school. The most gender-dependent respondents are pedagogues older than 40 and administration staff. Male teachers are more prone to emphasize gender differences than their female colleagues, whereas high school students’ involvement in the subject learning and their perceptions of the teaching style are not anyhow connected with the gender of the teacher. However, high school students' parents prefer to hire men as private tutors, just as the primary scholars' parents opt for female teachers against their male colleagues.The authors conclude that teachers in St. Petersburg schools don’t identify gender segregation as an apparent problem, as well as the whole system doesn’t struggle with the gender imbalance and gender roles differences.

Textual Sentence: الجملة النصية

This research focuses on the definition of the term of textual sentence by explaining its definition, indicating the type of semantics within it and clarifying how to identify its boundaries. However, it will begin explaining in details the so-called system sentences, which will help to recognize differences between them and the textual ones through demonstrating the concept of system sentences and the type of semantics inside them. The result of this research is to arrive at a more acceptable sentence definition than the definitions of former Arab and Western linguists. This research, also, will also contribute to solving the apparent problem in Arabic writing which is the confusion that a writer encounters when he wants to end a sentence.

Images of Justice

Gives a close analysis of two of Plato’s most controversial images: the analogy of the soul and state and the suggestion that the rulers will have to lie to the citizenry, including especially the myth of the metals. These are understood as images of justice (the form), and their limitations as images are revealed. The analogy of the soul and state conceives of each analog as composed of three parts. But the first city Plato has Socrates imagine in the Republic does not have three parts, and then when the arguments for partitioning the soul are given, the principle Socrates offers for finding different parts is misapplied. Alternative formulations of this principle bring other problems, and Plato’s own conclusion of his arguments seems to leave open the possibility that there may be even more parts of the soul than those he has identified. As for Plato’s lying rulers, the apparent problem derives from Plato having a very different conception of truth than the two-valued conception familiar to contemporary philosophers. Plato’s rulers seek to establish the best images of this kind of truth.

The End of the Odyssey and of Revenge

This chapter deals with the apparent problem of the end of the Odyssey. The poem could have ended with Odysseus’ and Penelope’s reunion, but it continues in order to provide a final statement on tisis. Thus, the transmitted ending should be considered integral to the poem, against a long tradition that considers it spurious. The final confrontation of the suitors’ relatives and Odysseus’ allies reveals how the natural course of a tisis narrative is to incite further tisis. Other illustrations of the open-endedness of tisis in the poem are also considered. In order for the poem to end, not only must every last suitor die but even the memory of their slaughter must be erased. The possibility of alternative narratives is closed off. This radical conclusion is highlighted in a final speech by Zeus in which he uses strikingly original language to ordain a general amnesia.