Effect of aluminum diethylphosphinate on flame retardant and thermal properties of rigid polyurethane foam composites

In this paper, the effect of C3H6N6modified by imidazolium based Ionic Liquid 1-butyl-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([BMIM]PF6) on polyurethane rigid foam flame retardant properties was conducted.The results show that the flame retardant properties of C3H6N6 modified with Ionic Liquid significantly increased and the LOI increased form 22.3 to 24.5. In the modification process, the ionic liquid mass have a very noticeable effect to the flame retardant property and when [BMIM]PF6 and C3H6N6 in quality was 4:6, Fire-retardant effect was best.Compared with the prior to the modification, C3H6N6 modified can increase effective Flame resistance of materials, horizontal burning speed from 67.6mm/min down to 33.4mm/min.Thermal degradation data show that C3H6N6 modified could improve initial decomposition temperature and reminder yield of rigid polyurethane foam,and then heat release reduced, the decomposition controlled,thermal stability increased.

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Bio-based rigid polyurethane foam prepared from apricot stone shell-based polyol for thermal insulation application – Part 2: Morphological, mechanical, and thermal properties

BioResources ◽

10.15376/biores.15.3.6080-6094 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (3) ◽

pp. 6080-6094

Author(s):

Muhammed Said Fidan ◽

Murat Ertaş

Keyword(s):

Thermal Conductivity ◽

Compressive Strength ◽

Thermal Properties ◽

Thermogravimetric Analysis ◽

Polyurethane Foam ◽

Flame Retardants ◽

Compressive Modulus ◽

Cell Diameter ◽

Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽

Rigid Polyurethane Foam

The procedure for the liquefaction of apricot stone shells was reported in Part 1. Part 2 of this work determines the morphological, mechanical, and thermal properties of the bio-based rigid polyurethane foam composites (RPUFc). In this study, the thermal conductivity, compressive strength, compressive modulus, thermogravimetric analysis, flammability tests (horizontal burning and limited oxygen index (LOI)) in the flame retardants), and scanning electron microscope (SEM) (cell diameter in the SEM) tests of the RPUFc were performed and compared with control samples. The results showed the thermal conductivity (0.0342 to 0.0362 mW/mK), compressive strength (10.5 to 14.9 kPa), compressive modulus (179.9 to 180.3 kPa), decomposition and residue in the thermogravimetric analysis (230 to 491 °C, 15.31 to 21.61%), UL-94 and LOI in the flame retardants (539.5 to 591.1 mm/min, 17.8 to 18.5%), and cell diameter in the SEM (50.6 to 347.5 μm) of RPUFc attained from liquefied biomass. The results were similar to those of foams obtained from industrial RPUFs, and demonstrated that bio-based RPUFc obtained from liquefied apricot stone shells could be used as a reinforcement filler in the preparation of RPUFs, specifically in construction and insulation materials. Moreover, liquefied apricot stone shell products have potential to be fabricated into rigid polyurethane foam composites.

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Synthesis, mechanical properties and fire behaviors of rigid polyurethane foam with a reactive flame retardant containing phosphazene and phosphate

Polymer Degradation and Stability ◽

10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2015.10.007 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 122 ◽

pp. 102-109 ◽

Cited By ~ 89

Author(s):

Rong Yang ◽

Wentian Hu ◽

Liang Xu ◽

Yan Song ◽

Jinchun Li

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Flame Retardant ◽

Polyurethane Foam ◽

Rigid Polyurethane Foam ◽

Reactive Flame Retardant

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Synergistic effect of nano magnesium amino-tris-(methylenephosphonate) and expandable graphite on improving flame retardant, mechanical and thermal insulating properties of rigid polyurethane foam

Materials Chemistry and Physics ◽

10.1016/j.matchemphys.2018.08.010 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 219 ◽

pp. 318-327 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Lei Liu ◽

Zhengzhou Wang

Keyword(s):

Synergistic Effect ◽

Flame Retardant ◽

Polyurethane Foam ◽

Expandable Graphite ◽

Rigid Polyurethane Foam ◽

Thermal Insulating ◽

Insulating Properties

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Synthesis of a DOPO-triazine additive and its flame-retardant effect in rigid polyurethane foam

e-Polymers ◽

10.1515/epoly-2019-0024 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

pp. 235-243 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Lin Liu ◽

Rui Lv

Keyword(s):

Flame Retardant ◽

Polyurethane Foam ◽

Cell Structure ◽

Rigid Polyurethane Foam ◽

Flame Resistance ◽

Limiting Oxygen Index ◽

Flame Retarded ◽

Flame Retardant Properties ◽

Mechanical Performances ◽

Halogen Free

AbstractA DOPO (9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphen-anthrene-10-oxide)-based halogen-free flame retardant (ODOPM-CYC) was synthesized and incorporated in rigid polyurethane foam (RPUF). The structure of ODOPM-CYC was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR), 1H NMR and 31P NMR. The effects of ODOPM-CYC on the flame resistance, mechanical performances, thermal properties and cell structure of RPUF were also investigated. The results showed that the incorporation of ODOPM-CYC strikingly enhanced flame retardant properties of RPUF. The flame retarded RPUF acquired a limiting oxygen index (LOI) value of 26% and achieved UL-94 V-0 rating with the phosphorus content of 3 wt%. The smoke production rate (SPR) also showed an obvious decrease and total smoke release (TSR) was 39.8% lower than that of neat RPUF. Besides, the results demonstrated that the incorporation of ODOPM-CYC provided RPUF better thermal stability but did not show any obvious influence on its thermal conductivity.

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Flame retardancy and thermal properties of rigid polyurethane foam conjugated with a phosphorus–nitrogen halogen-free intumescent flame retardant

Journal of Fire Sciences ◽

10.1177/0734904119890685 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 38 (3) ◽

pp. 235-252

Author(s):

Zhaojun Lin ◽

Qianqiong Zhao ◽

Ruilan Fan ◽

Xiaoxue Yuan ◽

Fuli Tian

Keyword(s):

Thermal Properties ◽

Thermogravimetric Analysis ◽

Flame Retardant ◽

Polyurethane Foam ◽

Flame Retardancy ◽

Oxygen Index ◽

Carbon Layer ◽

Limited Oxygen Index ◽

Halogen Free ◽

Limited Oxygen

In this work, a halogen-free intumescent combining phosphorus and nitrogen, flame-retardant 2-((2-hydroxyphenyl)(phenylamino)methyl5,5-dimethyl-1,3,2-dioxaphosphinane 2-oxide (HAPO) was successfully synthesized. It had been synthesized by reaction of 5,5-dimethyl-1,3, 2-dioxphosphinane 2-oxide with Schiff base. Its chemical structure was characterized in detail by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, 1H NMR, and 31P NMR spectrum. The flame-retardant polyurethanes were prepared with different loadings of HAPO. The thermal properties, flame retardancy and combustion behavior of the pure polyurethane foam thermosets were investigated by a series of measurements involving thermogravimetric analysis, limited oxygen index measurement, UL-94 vertical burning test, and cone calorimeter test. The results of the aforementioned tests indicated that HAPO can significantly improve the flame retardancy as well as smoke inhibition performance of polyurethane foam. Compared with the PU-Neat, the limited oxygen index of flame-retardant polyurethanes (15%) thermoset was increased from 19.5% to 23.8% and its UL-94 reached V-0 rating. In addition, the cone test results showed that the heat release rate, total heat release, rate of smoke release, and total smoke production of flame-retardant polyurethanes (10%) were decreased obvious sly. The apparent morphology of carbon residue was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, and results revealed that the modified polyurethane foam can form dense carbon layer after combustion. Thermogravimetric analysis results also indicated that the char amount of flame-retardant polyurethanes was obviously increased compared with PU-Neat. Based on the above analysis, we can draw the conclusions which in the condensed phase, phosphorus-based acids from the degradation of HAPO, this could promote the formation of continuous and dense phosphorus-rich carbon layer. In the gas phase, the flame-retardant mechanism was ascribed to the quenching effect of phosphorus-based radicals and diluting effect by non-flammable gases.

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