Improvement of the Calibration Process for Coaxial-Stripline Contact Devices

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. V. Savel’kaev
Keyword(s):  
Calibration Process ◽  
Contact Devices

CONSIL 901

Alloy Digest ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 28 (11) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Surface Treatment ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Electrical Contact ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Silver Copper ◽  
Contact Devices ◽  
Resistance To Wear

Abstract CONSIL 901 is the most commonly used of the silver-copper electrical contact alloys. It has higher hardness and better resistance to wear than fine silver. It is used widely for light and medium-duty applications involving electrical-contact devices. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, microstructure, tensile properties. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as casting, forming, heat treating, joining, and surface treatment. Filing Code: Ag-9. Producer or source: Handy & Harman.

On the calibration process of film dosimetry: OLS inverse regression versus WLS inverse prediction

2008 ◽  
Vol 53 (14) ◽  
pp. 3971-3984 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Crop ◽  
B Van Rompaye ◽  
L Paelinck ◽  
L Vakaet ◽  
H Thierens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inverse Regression ◽  
Film Dosimetry ◽  
Calibration Process ◽  
Inverse Prediction

scholarly journals Multi-step building energy model calibration process based on measured data

2021 ◽  
Vol 252 ◽  
pp. 111380
Author(s):  
José Eduardo Pachano ◽  
Carlos Fernández Bandera
Keyword(s):  
Model Calibration ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Measured Data ◽  
Energy Model ◽  
Calibration Process

Mechanical Properties Of Polyaniline / Multi-walled Carbon Nanotube Composite Films

2003 ◽  
Vol 791 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. C. Ramamurthy ◽  
W. R. Harrell ◽  
R. V. Gregory ◽  
B. Sadanadan ◽  
A. M. Rao
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Composite Films ◽  
Weight Percent ◽  
Organic Electronic Devices ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon ◽  
Multi Walled Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Contact Devices ◽  
Carbon Nanotube Composite

ABSTRACTHigh molecular weight polyaniline / multi-walled carbon nanotube composite films were fabricated using solution processing. Composite films with various weight percentages of multiwalled carbon nanotubes were fabricated. Physical properties of these composites were analyzed by thermogravimetric analysis, tensile testing, and scanning electron microscopy. These results indicate that the addition of multiwalled nanotubes to polyaniline significantly enhances the mechanical properties of the films. In addition, metal–semiconductor (composite) (MS) contact devices were fabricated, and it was observed that the current level in the films increased with increasing multiwalled nanotube content. Furthermore, it was observed that polyaniline containing one weight percent of carbon nanotubes appears to be the most promising composition for applications in organic electronic devices.

Optimization of the Robot Calibration Process

1992 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Zak ◽  
R. G. Fenton ◽  
B. Benhabib
Keyword(s):  
Optimization Problem ◽  
Kinematic Model ◽  
Optimization Procedure ◽  
Calibration Procedure ◽  
Residual Error ◽  
Industrial Robots ◽  
Multiple Objective Optimization ◽  
Robot Calibration ◽  
Calibration Process ◽  
The Cost

Abstract Most industrial robots cannot be off-line programmed to carry out a task accurately, unless their kinematic model is suitably corrected through a calibration procedure. However, proper calibration is an expensive and time-consuming procedure due to the highly accurate measurement equipment required and due to the significant amount of data that must be collected. To improve the efficiency of robot calibration, an optimization procedure is proposed in this paper. The objective of minimizing the cost of the calibration is combined with the objective of minimizing the residual error after calibration in one multiple-objective optimization. Prediction of the residual error for a given calibration process presents the main difficulty for implementing the optimization. It is proposed that the residual error is expressed as a polynomial function. This function is obtained as a result of fitting a response surface to either experimental or simulated sample estimates of the residual error. The optimization problem is then solved by identifying a reduced set of possible solutions, thus greatly simplifying the decision maker’s choice of an effective calibration procedure. An application example of this method is also included.

Study on Intelligent Controller Design of Flow Metrological Calibration System

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiong Yin ◽  
Kai Wen ◽  
Yan Wu ◽  
Lei Zhou ◽  
Jing Gong
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Pid Controller ◽  
Controller Design ◽  
Calibration System ◽  
Calibration Process ◽  
Intelligent Controller ◽  
Flow Adjustment ◽  
Precise Adjustment ◽  
Valve Opening

Abstract In recent years, China ramped up imports of natural gas to satisfy the growing demand, which has increased the number of trade meters. Natural gas flowmeters need to be calibrated regularly at calibration stations to ensure their accuracy. Nowadays, the flow metrological calibration process is done by the operator manually in China, which is easy to be affected by personnel experience and proficiency. China is vigorously developing industry 4.0 and AI(artificial intelligence) technologies. In order to improve the calibration efficiency, a design scheme of intelligent controller for flow metrological calibration system is first proposed in this paper. The intelligent controller can replace the operator for process switching and flow adjustment. First, the controller selects the standard flowmeter according to the type of the calibrated flowmeter, and switches the calibration process. To accurately control the calibration flow for 180 seconds, the controller continuously adjusts the regulating valve with a sequence of commands to the actuator. These commands are generated by intelligent algorithm which is predefined in the controller. Process switching is operated automatically according to flowmeter calibration specifications. In order to reach the required flow point quickly, the flow adjustment is divided into two steps: preliminary adjustment and precise adjustment. For preliminary adjustment, a BP neural network will be built first using the field historical data and simulation results. This neural network describes the relationship between the valve-opening scheme and the calibration flow. Therefore, it could give a calibration flow as close as possible to the expected value during calibration. For precise adjustment, an adaptive PID controller is used. It could adjust the valve opening degree automatically to make sure the flow deviation meet the calibration requirements. Since the PID controller is a self-adaptive PID controller, the process of adjustment is very quick, which can reduce the calibration time largely. After each calibration, both the original neural network and the adaptive function of the controller will be updated to achieve the self-growth. With the information of the calibrated flowmeter, the entire calibration system can run automatically. The experiment in a calibration station shows that the intelligent controller can control the deviation of the flow value within 5% during 4∼5 minutes.

Are Economic Sanctions against North Korea Effective? Assessing Nighttime Light in 25 Major Cities

2021 ◽  
Vol 94 (3) ◽  
pp. 464-492
Author(s):  
Sung Hyun Son ◽  
Joonmo Cho
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Coal Mining ◽  
North Korea ◽  
Economic Sanctions ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Calibration Process ◽  
Nighttime Light ◽  
Negative Growth ◽  
Economic Well Being

This study analyzes the effects of the economic sanctions against North Korea since 2016 on the economic well-being of North Korean cities. As a proxy for economic well-being, we use nighttime light (NTL), which we estimate from 1992 to 2019 through an inter-calibration process for DMSP/OLS and SNPP/VIIRS. We found that NTL in North Korea was getting brighter up until 2009, but that the growth rate of total NTL in 25 major North Korean cities began to decrease from 2016. The decline in the NTL growth rate of Pyongyang, the capital city, as well as in cities bordering China and in self-regenerating cities, was relatively slight. By contrast, the declines in the NTL growth rate of coal-mining cities and inland cities without sufficient production bases were greater than those in other cities, and some cities experienced negative growth in 2019. Cities in regions relying on coal mining have traditionally accounted for a large portion of North Korea's exports, and since these cities have been heavily affected by sanctions, coal mining could become a vulnerable sector, which would threaten North Korea's economic well-being.

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