scholarly journals Effect of antiepileptic drugs in glioma patients on self-reported depression, anxiety, and cognitive complaints

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pim B. van der Meer ◽  
Johan A. F. Koekkoek ◽  
Martin J. van den Bent ◽  
Linda Dirven ◽  
Martin J. B. Taphoorn
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Subsequent Treatment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Subjective Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Considerable Morbidity

Abstract Introduction AEDs have been associated with depression, anxiety, and cognitive impairment, all frequent complications of glioma and its subsequent treatment, with considerable morbidity and an adverse effect on health-related quality of life. This study aimed to determine the independent association between AED use and self-reported depression, anxiety, and subjective cognitive impairment in glioma patients. Methods In this multicenter cross-sectional study, depression and anxiety were assessed with the HADS and subjective cognitive impairment was assessed with the MOS-CFS. Univariable logistic regression analyses were performed on all potential confounding predictor variables. Potential confounders were included in the multivariable analyses if p-value < 0.1, to evaluate whether use of AEDs was independently related to depression, anxiety, and/or subjective cognitive impairment. Results A total of 272 patients were included. Prevalence of depression differed significantly between patients not using (10%) and using AEDs (21%, unadjusted Odds Ratio [uOR] = 2.29 [95%CI 1.05–4.97], p = 0.037), but after correction for confounders the statistical significant difference was no longer apparent (adjusted Odds Ratio [aOR] = 1.94 [95%CI 0.83–4.50], p = 0.125). Prevalences of anxiety (aOR = 1.17 [95%CI 0.59–2.29], p = 0.659) and subjective cognitive impairment (aOR = 0.83 [95%CI 0.34–2.04], p = 0.684) did not differ significantly before or after adjustment of confounders between patients not using (19% and 16%, respectively) and using AEDs (26% and 21%, respectively). Conclusions Our results indicate AED use was not independently associated with concurrent depression, anxiety, or subjective cognitive impairment in glioma patients. Alternative factors seem to have a greater contribution to the risk of developing neuropsychiatric symptoms in glioma patients.

scholarly journals Effect of Antiepileptic Drugs in Glioma Patients on Self-reported Depression, Anxiety, and Cognitive Complaints 

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pim B. van der Meer ◽  
Johan A.F. Koekkoek ◽  
Martin J. van den Bent ◽  
Linda Dirven ◽  
Martin J.B. Taphoorn
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Subsequent Treatment ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Subjective Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Considerable Morbidity

Abstract IntroductionAEDs have been associated with depression, anxiety, and cognitive impairment, all frequent complications of glioma and its subsequent treatment, with considerable morbidity and an adverse effect on health-related quality of life. This study aimed to determine the independent association between AED use and self-reported depression, anxiety, and subjective cognitive impairment in glioma patients. Methods In this multicenter cross-sectional study depression and anxiety were measured with the HADS and subjective cognitive impairment was measured with the MOS-CFS. Univariable logistic regression analyses were performed on all possible confounding predictor variables, and if p-value<0.1, possible confounders were included in the multivariable analyses to identify whether use of AEDs was independently related to depression, anxiety, and/or subjective cognitive impairment.ResultsA total of 272 patients were included. Prevalence of depression differed significantly between patients not using (10%) and using AEDs (21%, unadjusted Odds Ratio [uOR]=2.29 [95%CI=1.05-4.97], p=0.037), but after correction for confounders the statistical significant difference was no longer apparent (adjusted Odds Ratio [aOR]=1.94 [95%CI=0.83-4.50], p=0.125). Prevalences of anxiety (aOR=1.17 [95%CI=0.59-2.29], p=0.659) and subjective cognitive impairment (aOR=0.83 [95%CI=0.34-2.04], p=0.684) did not differ significantly before or after adjustment of confounders between patients not using (19% and 16%, respectively) and using AEDs (26% and 21%, respectively).ConclusionsOur results indicate AED use was not independently associated with concurrent depression, anxiety, or subjective cognitive impairment in glioma patients. Alternative factors seem to have a greater contribution to the risk of having these neuropsychiatric symptoms in glioma patients.

scholarly journals AFFECTIVE THEORY OF MIND IN PEOPLE WITH ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline De Lucena ◽  
Paulo Fernando Santos ◽  
Marcia Cristina Dourado
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Emotional State ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Social Situations ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Emotional Reasoning ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Emotional Aspects

Background: In recent years, interest has been growing in cognitive and affective ToM functioning in individuals suffering from neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, the affective ToM has been less investigated. Objective: This study aims to compare affective ToM performance in persons with mild to moderate AD and healthy older controls (HOC), and its relationship with cognition. Methods: A cross-sectional study of 97 mild to moderate AD individuals and 40 HOC. To assess affective ToM, participants were administered a task that examines ability to comprehend the emotional situation nature along with the appropriate emotional state that one would experience in that situation. Assessments of cognition, dementia severity, functionality, awareness of disease and neuropsychiatric symptoms were completed for AD group. Results: Analyses of emotional reasoning indicated a group effect on performance. There was a significant difference between the AD and HOC groups in terms of their ability to understand situations of sadness, surprise, anger, and happiness, with the moderate AD showing the worst performance for all emotional situations. Ability to appropriately name the emotional state was significantly different for surprise, anger, and happiness, but not for sadness, with both AD groups showing lower performance for surprise and anger, and with the mild AD showing better performance for happiness. In both AD groups, ability to understand the emotional situation and to name the emotion was significantly correlated with cognitive impairment and awareness of disease. Neuropsychiatric symptoms were significantly correlated in moderate AD group. Conclusions: Impairment in understanding the emotional aspects of situations can lead moderate AD people to experience conflicts in family and social situations. Mild AD people can experience same conflicts when their preserved ability in understanding the emotional situation is underestimated.

scholarly journals Homocysteine, trace elements and oxidant/antioxidant status in mild cognitively impaired elderly persons: a cross-sectional study

2015 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 336-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hajar Negahdar ◽  
Seyed Reza Hosseini ◽  
Hadi Parsian ◽  
Farzan Kheirkhah ◽  
Abbas Mosapour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
Effective Parameters ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Introduction. Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is the prodromal stage of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), so identification of the related risk factors can be helpful. There are controversial data regarding the serum oxidant/antioxidant status, trace elements and homocysteine (Hcy) as effective parameters in this disease, therefore the status of these factors was determined in this study. Methods. One hundred-twenty elderly persons with cognitive impairment and 120 elderly healthy persons who were differentiated using Mini-mental state examination (MMSE) participated in this study. The patients were divided into mild and moderate-to-severe cognitive impairment group. Serum antioxidant/oxidant, copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn) and Hcy concentrations were measured using routine methods. Results. Oxidant and antioxidant levels increased and decreased based on the severity of the disease and were higher and lower in patients than in control group, respectively (p<0.001). With adjusting for age, gender and education, significant difference in Hcy levels was not observed. There was no significant difference in trace elements levels among groups. Conclusions. Results confirmed the association between oxidative damage with increasing the severity of cognitive impairment. These factors may be involved in the etiology of cognitive impairment and AD. Identification of such biomarkers is important to select appropriate treatment goals before the onset of irreversible clinical signs.

scholarly journals Prescription of Benzodiazepines and Related Drugs in Patients with Mild Cognitive Deficits and Alzheimer’s Disease

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (02) ◽  
pp. 84-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philipp Hessmann ◽  
Richard Dodel ◽  
Erika Baum ◽  
Matthias Müller ◽  
Greta Paschke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Inappropriate Use ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Lower Hrqol

Abstract Introduction Benzodiazepines and related drugs (BZDR) should be avoided in patients with cognitive impairment. We evaluated the relationship between a BZDR treatment and the health status of patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Methods Cross-sectional study in 395 AD patients using bivariate and multiple logistic analyses to assess correlations between the prescription of BZDR and patients’ characteristics (cognitive and functional capacity, health-related quality of life (HrQoL), neuropsychiatric symptoms). Results BZDR were used in 12.4% (n=49) of all participants. In bivariate analyses, the prescription was associated with a lower HrQoL, a higher need of care, and the presence of anxiety. Multivariate models revealed a higher risk of BZDR treatment in patients with depression (OR 3.85, 95% CI: 1.45 – 10.27). Community-dwelling participants and those treated by neurologists/psychiatrists had a lower risk of receiving BZDR (OR 0.33, 95% CI: 0.12 – 0.89 and OR 0.16, 95% CI: 0.07 – 0.36). Discussion The inappropriate use of BZDR conflicts with national and international guidelines. We suggest evaluating indications and treatment duration and improving the knowledge of alternative therapies in healthcare institutions.

scholarly journals Differences between encoding and retrieval failure in mild cognitive impairment: results from quantitative electroencephalography and magnetic resonance volumetry

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Su-Hyun Han ◽  
Jungmin Pyun ◽  
Soeun Yeo ◽  
Dong Won Kang ◽  
Ho Tae Jeong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Power Spectra ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Disease Stage ◽  
Quantitative Electroencephalography ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Memory Impairments ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Left Thalamus

Abstract Background: The memory impairments in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) can be classified into encoding (EF) and retrieval (RF) failure, which can be affected by underlying pathomechanism. We explored the differences structurally and functionally.Methods: We compared quantitative electroencephalography (qEEG) power spectra and connectivity between 87 MCI patients with EF and 78 MCI with RF using iSyncBrain ™ (iMediSync, Inc., Korea) (https://isyncbrain.com/). Voxel-based morphometric analysis of the gray matter (GM) in the MCI groups and 71 cognitive normal controls were also done using the Computational Anatomy Toolbox 12 (http://www.neuro.uni-jena.de/cat/).Results: qEEG showed higher frontal theta and lower beta2 band power, and higher theta connectivity in the EF. There was no statistically significant difference in GM volume between the EF and RF. However, when compared to normal control, GM volume reductions due to EF in the left thalamus and bilateral hippocampi and reductions due to RF in the left thalamus, right superior frontal lobe, right superior temporal lobe, and right middle cingulum were observed ( p < 0.05, family-wise error correction).Conclusions: MCI differs functionally and structurally according to their specific memory impairments. The EF findings are structurally and functionally more consistent with the prodromal Alzheimer's disease stage than the RF findings. Since this study is a cross-sectional study, prospective follow-up studies are needed to investigate whether different types of memory impairments can predict the underlying pathology of amnestic MCI. Additionally, insufficient sample size may lead to ambiguous statistical findings in direct comparisons, a larger patient cohort could more robustly identify differences in GM volume reductions between the EF and the RF group.

scholarly journals Differences between encoding and retrieval failure in mild cognitive impairment: results from quantitative electroencephalography and magnetic resonance volumetry

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Su-Hyun Han ◽  
Jungmin Pyun ◽  
Soeun Yeo ◽  
Dong Won Kang ◽  
Ho Tae Jeong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Power Spectra ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Disease Stage ◽  
Quantitative Electroencephalography ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Memory Impairments ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Left Thalamus

Abstract Background: The memory impairments in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) can be classified into encoding (EF) and retrieval (RF) failure, which can be affected by underlying pathomechanism. We explored the differences structurally and functionally.Methods: We compared quantitative electroencephalography (qEEG) power spectra and connectivity between 87 MCI patients with EF and 78 MCI with RF using iSyncBrain ™ (iMediSync, Inc., Korea) (https://isyncbrain.com/). Voxel-based morphometric analysis of the gray matter (GM) in the MCI groups and 71 cognitive normal controls were also done using the Computational Anatomy Toolbox 12 (http://www.neuro.uni-jena.de/cat/).Results: qEEG showed higher frontal theta and lower beta2 band power and higher theta and lower beta connectivity in the EF. There was no statistically significant difference in GM volume between the EF and RF. However, when compared to normal control, GM volume reductions due to EF in the left thalamus and bilateral hippocampi and reductions due to RF in the left thalamus, right superior frontal lobe, right superior temporal lobe, and right middle cingulum were observed ( p < 0.05, family-wise error correction). Conclusions: MCI differs functionally and structurally according to their specific memory impairments. The EF findings are structurally and functionally more consistent with the prodromal Alzheimer's disease stage than the RF findings. Since this study is a cross-sectional study, prospective follow-up studies are needed to investigate whether different types of memory impairments can predict the underlying pathology of amnestic MCI. Additionally, insufficient sample size may lead to ambiguous statistical findings in direct comparisons, a larger patient cohort could more robustly identify differences in GM volume reductions between the EF and the RF group.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Pattern of Third Molar Impaction among Residents of District Panchkula, India

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-44
Author(s):  
Mansimranjit Kaur Uppal ◽  
Vishnu Karthik ◽  
Samrat Ganguly
Keyword(s):  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Third Molar ◽  
Geographic Location ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Common Type ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Impacted Tooth ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Gender

valence varies from one geographic location to another.AIM: To assess the prevalence of third molar Impaction among residents of District Panchkula, IndiaMATERIALS AND METHODS: The study adopted a cross-sectional study design and impacted molars that were observed during routine diagnostic procures that required the taking of an IOPAR were selected, after which, the patients were advised to go for an OPG to determine the number of impacted teeth as well as the angulation of those teeth.RESULTS: The study comprised of 306 study subjects, with a majority of them being males (194, 63.4%); The most frequent number of third molar impactions were of one teeth (163, 53.3%), followed by two teeth (96, 31.4%). Mesioangular impaction (170, 55.5%) was the most common type, followed by vertical impactions (82, 29.8%). A significant difference was observed upon comparison of location and gender (p=0.04%). Odds’ Ratio (OR) analysis also found that males were 1.6 times more prone of having impactions as compared to females.CONCLUSION: Upon suspicion of having the presence of impacted molars, dentists of Panchkula region are advised to take an OPG and manage the same accordingly so that complications arising from an impacted tooth can be avoided.

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